二进制方式 搭建k8s

jason_yang
114 阅读1分钟

1.前期准备


# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

systemctl status firewalld
# 关闭  selinux
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config #永久
setenforce 0 # 临时
# 关闭 swap
swapoff -a #临时 
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab #永久

swapon -v # 检查 输出为空，表示swap已关闭

# 加载 ip_vs 模块
for i in $(ls /usr/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs|grep -o "^[^.]*");do echo $i; /sbin/modinfo -F filename $i >/dev/null 2>&1 && /sbin/modprobe $i;done

# 修改主机名信息
hostnamectl set-hostname k8smaster
hostnamectl set-hostname k8snode1
hostnamectl set-hostname k8snode2

hostnamectl status
# 配置host
vim /etc/hosts
192.168.0.7 k8smaster
192.168.0.8 k8snode1
192.168.0.9 k8snode2

# 配置网络转发
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
#开启网桥模式，可将网桥的流量传递给iptables链
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
#关闭ipv6协议，如果支持ipv6可不需要关闭
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
EOF
#生效参数
sysctl --system 


# 时间间步
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate ntp.aliyun.com

# 先把多台内网服务器的 免密打通
master节点
# 生成公钥和私钥  有提示一直回车即可
ssh-keygen -t rsa 
# 得到   如果~/.ssh目录一下已经有就不用再生成
id_rsa  id_rsa.pub

# 发送id_rsa.pub 到node节点服务器上
ssh-copy-id root@xx.xx.xx.xx
# 输入密码即可实现免密

2.证书安装与生成

下载工具

# cfssl证书生成工具
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/cfssl
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
# 设置权限 
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl*

生成证书

# 创建文件夹
mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s}
cd /root/TLS/etcd
# 配置 ca-config.json
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# 配置ca-csr.json
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF
# 生成证书：
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
# 生成 
ca.csr  ， ca-key.pem ， ca.pem
# 查看
ls *pem

3.部署 etcd

生成etcd证书

配置 etcd 证书 server-csr.json


cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [ 
    "192.168.0.7",
    "192.168.0.8",
    "192.168.0.9"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

# 生成pem证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server ls server*pem
# 生成
server.csr  ， server-key.pem ， server.pem

下载


wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/tag/v3.4.14

mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.14-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.4.14-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/

创建配置etcd.conf

cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://xx.xx.xx.xx:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://xx.xx.xx.xx:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://xx.xx.xx.xx:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://xx.xx.xx.xx:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://xx.xx.xx.xx:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.31.72:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.31.73:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF

注意：

  • ETCD_NAME 是唯一标识，不同节点记得修改为唯一的
  • xx.xx.xx.xx替换为自己的master节点ip

创建etcd.service

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

复制证书

cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
# 实际效果 复制了下面4个文件
 ca-key.pem  ca.pem  server-key.pem  server.pem

启动服务

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd  # 需要等一会 node也要同步更新
systemctl enable etcd

同步配置到另外两台节点上

scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@xx.xx.xx.xx:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@xx.xx.xx.xx:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

注意另外的节点服务器 要修改ETCD_NAME和ip

cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-2" # 记得修改这里
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://xx.xx.xx.xx:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://xx.xx.xx.xx:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://xx.xx.xx.xx:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://xx.xx.xx.xx:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://xx.xx.xx.xx:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.31.72:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.31.73:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF

查看状态

/opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.0.7:2379,https://192.168.0.8:2379,https://192.168.0.9:2379" endpoint status --write-out=table

4.部署master组件

主要需要生成k8s证书和 部署三大组件

  • kube-apiserver
  • kube-controller-manager
  • kube-scheduler

生成k8s证书

cd ~/TLS/k8s
# ca-config.json
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF
# ca-csr.json
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF
# 生成根证书
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
# 查看
ls server*pem

# server-csr.json
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.0.7",
      "192.168.0.8",
      "192.168.0.9",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

# 生成秘钥
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
# 查看
ls server*pem

下载

在 github.com/kubernetes/…

  • 选择server的下载 server包含 master 与node 的工具
  • kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

安装

mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
cp kubectl /usr/bin/

kube-apiserver

apiserver相当于启动一个https的服务，master服务器需要有自己证书，并且设置信任的ip列表。 每次node节点发送请求，master都会返回对应证书。

配置 kube-apiserver.conf

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.0.7:2379,https://192.168.0.8:2379,https://192.168.0.9:2379 \\
--bind-address=192.168.0.7 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=192.168.0.7 \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF

配置 kube-apiserver相应配置


# 配置证书
cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/


# 自己生成token
head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '

# 创建 kube-apiserver.conf 中的 token 文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
6ac5ec869a497965fba74eaaf188a359,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
EOF

配置kube-apiserver.service 服务与启动

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# 启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
systemctl status kube-apiserver

授权请求证书

kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap

kube-controller-manager

配置 kube-controller-manager.conf

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF

配置服务kube-controller-manager.service与启动

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# 启动服务
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
systemctl status kube-controller-manager

kube-scheduler

配置kube-scheduler.conf

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--leader-elect \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF

配置kube-scheduler.service与启动

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# 启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kube-scheduler
systemctl status kube-scheduler

查看状态

kubectl get cs

5.部署node组件

主要部署2个组件

  • kubelet
  • kube-proxy

下载配置

mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin
cp kubectl /usr/bin/

kubelet

配置kubelet.conf

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=m1 \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF

配置kubelet-config.yml

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local 
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: false
  webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
  x509:
    clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF

同步master端的ssl 信息 配置到 node

scp -r /opt/kubernetes/ssl root@nodeIPxx.xx.xx.xx:/opt/kubernetes

添加临时变量

KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.0.7:6443" # apiserver的 IP地址和 端口
TOKEN="6ac5ec869a497965fba74eaaf188a359" #  token.csv 中的生成的token

生成config文件 bootstrap.kubeconfig


kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --token=${TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig


mv bootstrap.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg

配置kubelet.service服务与启动

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# 启动设置
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl status kubelet

在master 上 批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群(Master操作)

# 查看当前请求的kubelet
 kubectl get csr
# 启动的 kubelet 会申请加入master
 kubectl certificate approve node-csr-xxxxx--xxxxxx
# master 设置同意

查看当前节点信息

kubectl get node

kube-proxy

配置 kube-proxy.conf

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF

配置 kube-proxy-config.yml

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
  kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: m1
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
EOF

在master 生成kube-proxy 的证书

cd ~/TLS/k8s
# 配置 kube-proxy-csr.json
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

# 同步到其他node节点
scp -r ~/TLS/k8s root@nodeIPxx.xx.xx.xx:/opt/TLS/

配置 kube-proxy.kubeconfig

# 添加临时变量
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.0.7:6443"

# 生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
# 复制到配置
cp kube-proxy.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg/

配置kube-proxy.service服务与启动

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# 启动服务
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy
systemctl status kube-proxy

6.配置网络集群

node节点执行

wget https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.6/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz

mkdir /opt/cni/bin
tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin

master节点运行

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
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