开启掘金成长之旅!这是我参与「掘金日新计划 · 2 月更文挑战」的第 12 天,点击查看活动详情
(新)生命周期
-
初始化阶段: 由ReactDOM.render()触发---初次渲染
- constructor()
- getDerivedStateFromProps
- render()
- componentDidMount() => 常用 一般在这个钩子中做一些初始化的事,例如:开启定时器、发送网络请求、订阅消息
-
更新阶段: 由组件内部this.setSate()或父组件重新render触发
- getDerivedStateFromProps
- shouldComponentUpdate()
- render()
- getSnapshotBeforeUpdate
- componentDidUpdate()
-
卸载组件: 由ReactDOM.unmountComponentAtNode()触发
- componentWillUnmount() => 常用 一般在这个钩子中做一些收尾的事,例如:关闭定时器、取消订阅消息
<script type="text/babel">
//创建组件
class Count extends React.Component{
//构造器
constructor(props){
console.log('Count---constructor');
super(props)
//初始化状态
this.state = {count:0}
}
//加1按钮的回调
add = ()=>{
//获取原状态
const {count} = this.state
//更新状态
this.setState({count:count+1})
}
//卸载组件按钮的回调
death = ()=>{
ReactDOM.unmountComponentAtNode(document.getElementById('test'))
}
//强制更新按钮的回调
force = ()=>{
this.forceUpdate()
}
//若state的值在任何时候都取决于props,那么可以使用getDerivedStateFromProps
static getDerivedStateFromProps(props,state){
console.log('getDerivedStateFromProps',props,state);
return null
}
//在更新之前获取快照
getSnapshotBeforeUpdate(){
console.log('getSnapshotBeforeUpdate');
return 'atguigu'
}
//组件挂载完毕的钩子
componentDidMount(){
console.log('Count---componentDidMount');
}
//组件将要卸载的钩子
componentWillUnmount(){
console.log('Count---componentWillUnmount');
}
//控制组件更新的“阀门”
shouldComponentUpdate(){
console.log('Count---shouldComponentUpdate');
return true
}
//组件更新完毕的钩子
componentDidUpdate(preProps,preState,snapshotValue){
console.log('Count---componentDidUpdate',preProps,preState,snapshotValue);
}
render(){
console.log('Count---render');
const {count} = this.state
return(
<div>
<h2>当前求和为:{count}</h2>
<button onClick={this.add}>点我+1</button>
<button onClick={this.death}>卸载组件</button>
<button onClick={this.force}>不更改任何状态中的数据,强制更新一下</button>
</div>
)
}
}
//渲染组件
ReactDOM.render(<Count count={199}/>,document.getElementById('test'))
</script>
getSnapshotBeforeUpdate的使用场景
<script type="text/babel">
class NewsList extends React.Component{
state = {newsArr:[]}
componentDidMount(){
setInterval(() => {
//获取原状态
const {newsArr} = this.state
//模拟一条新闻
const news = '新闻'+ (newsArr.length+1)
//更新状态
this.setState({newsArr:[news,...newsArr]})
}, 1000);
}
getSnapshotBeforeUpdate(){
return this.refs.list.scrollHeight
}
componentDidUpdate(preProps,preState,height){
this.refs.list.scrollTop += this.refs.list.scrollHeight - height
}
render(){
return(
<div className="list" ref="list">
{
this.state.newsArr.map((n,index)=>{
return <div key={index} className="news">{n}</div>
})
}
</div>
)
}
}
ReactDOM.render(<NewsList/>,document.getElementById('test'))
</script>