JavaScript 编码原则 ｜ 青训营笔记

这是我参与「第五届青训营 」伴学笔记创作活动的第 3 天

各司其职

• html负责结构
• css负责表现
• js负责行为
• 三者要职能分离

一些 tips

• 应当避免不必要的由 js 直接操作样式
• 可以使用 class 来表示状态
• 纯展示类交互寻求 零JS 方案

方案一：

优化：

可以看到方案一，直接使用 js 操作了 DOM 元素的对应样式，虽然实现了功能，但是代码很复杂 很乱，思路不清晰 不便于维护，并且会造成性能损耗

方案二相对于方案一则好很多，通过 class 的增删来控制元素的样式

方案三则更为优雅，甚至没有用到 js 代码，仅仅通过 HTML 的 input 属性本身的功能 + CSS 就实现了需求，可谓优雅至极。

class Component{
  constructor(id, opts = {name, data:[]}){
    this.container = document.getElementById(id);
    this.options = opts;
    this.container.innerHTML = this.render(opts.data);
  }
  registerPlugins(...plugins){
    plugins.forEach(plugin => {
      const pluginContainer = document.createElement('div');
      pluginContainer.className = `.${name}__plugin`;
      pluginContainer.innerHTML = plugin.render(this.options.data);
      this.container.appendChild(pluginContainer);
      
      plugin.action(this);
    });
  }
  render(data) {
    /* abstract */
    return ''
  }
}

class Slider extends Component{
  constructor(id, opts = {name: 'slider-list', data:[], cycle: 3000}){
    super(id, opts);
    this.items = this.container.querySelectorAll('.slider-list__item, .slider-list__item--selected');
    this.cycle = opts.cycle || 3000;
    this.slideTo(0);
  }
  render(data){
    const content = data.map(image => `
      <li class="slider-list__item">
        <img src="${image}"/>
      </li>    
    `.trim());
    
    return `<ul>${content.join('')}</ul>`;
  }
  getSelectedItem(){
    const selected = this.container.querySelector('.slider-list__item--selected');
    return selected
  }
  getSelectedItemIndex(){
    return Array.from(this.items).indexOf(this.getSelectedItem());
  }
  slideTo(idx){
    const selected = this.getSelectedItem();
    if(selected){ 
      selected.className = 'slider-list__item';
    }
    const item = this.items[idx];
    if(item){
      item.className = 'slider-list__item--selected';
    }

    const detail = {index: idx}
    const event = new CustomEvent('slide', {bubbles:true, detail})
    this.container.dispatchEvent(event)
  }
  slideNext(){
    const currentIdx = this.getSelectedItemIndex();
    const nextIdx = (currentIdx + 1) % this.items.length;
    this.slideTo(nextIdx);
  }
  slidePrevious(){
    const currentIdx = this.getSelectedItemIndex();
    const previousIdx = (this.items.length + currentIdx - 1) % this.items.length;
    this.slideTo(previousIdx);  
  }
  addEventListener(type, handler){
    this.container.addEventListener(type, handler);
  }
  start(){
    this.stop();
    this._timer = setInterval(()=>this.slideNext(), this.cycle);
  }
  stop(){
    clearInterval(this._timer);
  }
}

const pluginController = {
  render(images){
    return `
      <div class="slide-list__control">
        ${images.map((image, i) => `
            <span class="slide-list__control-buttons${i===0?'--selected':''}"></span>
         `).join('')}
      </div>    
    `.trim();
  },
  action(slider){
    let controller = slider.container.querySelector('.slide-list__control');
    
    if(controller){
      let buttons = controller.querySelectorAll('.slide-list__control-buttons, .slide-list__control-buttons--selected');
      controller.addEventListener('mouseover', evt=>{
        var idx = Array.from(buttons).indexOf(evt.target);
        if(idx >= 0){
          slider.slideTo(idx);
          slider.stop();
        }
      });

      controller.addEventListener('mouseout', evt=>{
        slider.start();
      });

      slider.addEventListener('slide', evt => {
        const idx = evt.detail.index;
        let selected = controller.querySelector('.slide-list__control-buttons--selected');
        if(selected) selected.className = 'slide-list__control-buttons';
        buttons[idx].className = 'slide-list__control-buttons--selected';
      });
    }    
  }
};

const pluginPrevious = {
  render(){
    return `<a class="slide-list__previous"></a>`;
  },
  action(slider){
    let previous = slider.container.querySelector('.slide-list__previous');
    if(previous){
      previous.addEventListener('click', evt => {
        slider.stop();
        slider.slidePrevious();
        slider.start();
        evt.preventDefault();
      });
    }  
  }
};

const pluginNext = {
  render(){
    return `<a class="slide-list__next"></a>`;
  },
  action(slider){
    let previous = slider.container.querySelector('.slide-list__next');
    if(previous){
      previous.addEventListener('click', evt => {
        slider.stop();
        slider.slideNext();
        slider.start();
        evt.preventDefault();
      });
    }  
  }
};

const slider = new Slider('my-slider', {name: 'slide-list', data: ['https://p5.ssl.qhimg.com/t0119c74624763dd070.png',
     'https://p4.ssl.qhimg.com/t01adbe3351db853eb3.jpg',
     'https://p2.ssl.qhimg.com/t01645cd5ba0c3b60cb.jpg',
     'https://p4.ssl.qhimg.com/t01331ac159b58f5478.jpg'], cycle:3000});

slider.registerPlugins(pluginController, pluginPrevious, pluginNext);
slider.start();

• 主要实现了轮播图，里面的函数封装思想值得细细推敲！

组件封装

• 好的UI组件具备正确性、拓展性、复用性

过程抽象

• 应用函数式编程的思想