今天主要讲的是go语言的基础知识和三个较为简单的实践项目。

1 go基础语法

我主要记一下我新学的时候不太会用的东西

1.1 for

• 可以使用for{} 来死循环

1.2 switch

• 和C中的switch差不多，但是不需要break

1.3 切片

//定义切片
var identifier []type 

//创建切片
var slice1 []type = make([]type, len)
slice1 := make([]type, len)

//初始化
s := [] int{1 ,2, 3}
s := arr[startIndex : endIndex]
s := arr[startIndex:]
s := arr[:endIndex]

1.4 指针

函数默认传值，传引用需要用指针

实践项目

1 猜数字

这个就是go语言简单的语法应用，课后作业比较简单，用fmt.Scanf就行。

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"math/rand"
	"time"
)

func main() {
	maxNum := 100
	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
	secretNumber := rand.Intn(maxNum)
	//fmt.Println("The secret number is ", secretNumber)
	fmt.Println("Please input your guess")
	var reader int
	for {
		_ , err := fmt.Scanf("%d\n", &reader)
		if err != nil{
			panic(err)
		}
		fmt.Println("You guess is", reader)
		if reader > secretNumber {
			fmt.Println("Your guess is bigger than the secret number. Please try again")
		} else if reader < secretNumber {
			fmt.Println("Your guess is smaller than the secret number. Please try again")
		} else {
			fmt.Println("Correct, you Legend!")
			break
		}
	}
}

2 在线词典

学到了还有在线生成代码的网站Convert curl commands to code (curlconverter.com)，在线工具 - OKTools 。这个课后作业我用百度翻译整的，基本上和示例一样。并发我使用的go中的channel。

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"os"
)

/*
https://curlconverter.com/
https://oktools.net/
*/
type DictRequest struct {
	TransType string `json:"trans_type"`
	Source    string `json:"source"`
	UserID    string `json:"user_id"`
}

type DictResponse struct {
	Rc   int `json:"rc"`
	Wiki struct {
		KnownInLaguages int `json:"known_in_laguages"`
		Description     struct {
			Source string      `json:"source"`
			Target interface{} `json:"target"`
		} `json:"description"`
		ID   string `json:"id"`
		Item struct {
			Source string `json:"source"`
			Target string `json:"target"`
		} `json:"item"`
		ImageURL  string `json:"image_url"`
		IsSubject string `json:"is_subject"`
		Sitelink  string `json:"sitelink"`
	} `json:"wiki"`
	Dictionary struct {
		Prons struct {
			EnUs string `json:"en-us"`
			En   string `json:"en"`
		} `json:"prons"`
		Explanations []string      `json:"explanations"`
		Synonym      []string      `json:"synonym"`
		Antonym      []string      `json:"antonym"`
		WqxExample   [][]string    `json:"wqx_example"`
		Entry        string        `json:"entry"`
		Type         string        `json:"type"`
		Related      []interface{} `json:"related"`
		Source       string        `json:"source"`
	} `json:"dictionary"`
}

func CaiYunquery(word string,c chan bool) {
	client := &http.Client{}
	request := DictRequest{TransType: "en2zh", Source: word}
	buf, err := json.Marshal(request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	var data = bytes.NewReader(buf)
	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.interpreter.caiyunai.com/v1/dict", data)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	req.Header.Set("Connection", "keep-alive")
	req.Header.Set("DNT", "1")
	req.Header.Set("os-version", "")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/99.0.4844.51 Safari/537.36")
	req.Header.Set("app-name", "xy")
	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
	req.Header.Set("device-id", "")
	req.Header.Set("os-type", "web")
	req.Header.Set("X-Authorization", "token:qgemv4jr1y38jyq6vhvi")
	req.Header.Set("Origin", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Site", "cross-site")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Mode", "cors")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Dest", "empty")
	req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com/")
	req.Header.Set("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9")
	req.Header.Set("Cookie", "_ym_uid=16456948721020430059; _ym_d=1645694872")
	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	bodyText, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	if resp.StatusCode != 200 {
		log.Fatal("bad StatusCode:", resp.StatusCode, "body", string(bodyText))
	}
	var dictResponse DictResponse
	err = json.Unmarshal(bodyText, &dictResponse)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(word, "UK:", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.En, "US:", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.EnUs)
	for _, item := range dictResponse.Dictionary.Explanations {
		fmt.Println(item)
	}
	c<- true
}



type BadiuResponse struct {
	Errno int `json:"errno"`
	Data []struct {
		K string `json:"k"`
		V string `json:"v"`
	} `json:"data"`
}


func BaiduQuery(word string, c chan bool){
	client := &http.Client{}
	request := "kw=" + word
	fmt.Println(request)
	var data = bytes.NewReader([]byte(request))
	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://fanyi.baidu.com/sug", data)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01")
	req.Header.Set("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,en-GB;q=0.7,en-US;q=0.6,zh-TW;q=0.5")
	req.Header.Set("Connection", "keep-alive")
	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8")
	req.Header.Set("Cookie", `yourCookie`)
	req.Header.Set("DNT", "1")
	req.Header.Set("Origin", "https://fanyi.baidu.com")
	req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://fanyi.baidu.com/")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Dest", "empty")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Mode", "cors")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Site", "same-origin")
	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/108.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/108.0.1462.76")
	req.Header.Set("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua", `"Not?A_Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="108", "Microsoft Edge";v="108"`)
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-platform", `"Windows"`)
	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	bodyText, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	if resp.StatusCode != 200 {
		log.Fatal("bad StatusCode: ", resp.StatusCode , "body", string(bodyText))
	}
	var dictResponse BadiuResponse
	err = json.Unmarshal(bodyText, &dictResponse)
	if(err != nil){
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	for _,item := range dictResponse.Data{
		fmt.Println(item.K , ":", item.V)
	}
	c <- true
}

func main() {
	if len(os.Args) != 2 {
		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, `usage: simpleDict WORD
example: simpleDict hello
		`)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	word := os.Args[1]
	ch := make(chan bool)
	go CaiYunquery(word,ch)
	go BaiduQuery(word,ch)
	a , b := <-ch,<-ch
	if a && b {
		fmt.Println("success")
	}else {
		fmt.Println("fail")
	}
}

3 socks5代理

这个由于没有课后作业，我只是粗略的看了一下。但是学到了挺多东西的。