这是我参与「第五届青训营」伴学笔记创作活动的第 2 天。

一、Go语言基础

（1）Go语言介绍

1.什么是Go语言

1.高性能、高并发
2.语法简单、学习曲线平缓
3.丰富的标准库
4.完善的工具链
5.静态链接
6.快速编译
7.跨平台
8.垃圾回收

2.Go语言使用公司

uTools_1673750232247

3.字节全面使用Go语言

1.最初使用的是python,由于性能问题换成了go
2.C++不适合在线web业务
3.早期团队非java背景
4.性能比较好
5.部署简单,学习成本低
6.内部RPC和HTTP框架的推广

4.青训营Go语言系列

（2）Go的入门

1.配置开发环境

安装Golang

安装ide

GoLand或者Vscode

基于云的开发环境

gitpod.io/#github.com…
短链接:hi-hi.cn/gitpod

2.基础语法-变量

 package main
 
 import (
     "fmt"
     "math"
 )
 
 func main() {
 
     var a = "initial"
     var b, c int = 1, 2
     var d = true
     var e float64
     f := float32(e)
     g := a + "foo"
     fmt.Println(a, b, c, d, e, f) //initial 1 2 true 0 0
     fmt.Println(g)                // initialapple
     const s string = "constant"
     const h = 500000000
     const i = 3e20 / h
     fmt.Println(s, h, i, math.Sin(h), math.Sin(i))
 }

3.if-else

 package main
 
 import "fmt"
 
 func main() {
 
     if 7%2 == 0 {
         fmt.Println("7 is even")
     } else {
         fmt.Println("7 is odd")
     }
 
     if 8%4 == 0 {
         fmt.Println("8 is divisible by 4")
     }
 
     if num := 9; num < 0 {
         fmt.Println(num, "is negative")
     } else if num < 10 {
         fmt.Println(num, "has 1 digit")
     } else {
         fmt.Println(num, "has multiple digits")
     }
 }

4.基础语法--循环

 package main
 
 import "fmt"
 
 func main() {
 
     //// := 是声明并赋值，并且系统自动推断类型，不需要var关键字
     i := 1
     for {
         fmt.Println("loop")
         break
     }
     for j := 7; j < 9; j++ {
         fmt.Println(j)
     }
 
     for n := 0; n < 5; n++ {
         if n%2 == 0 {
             continue
         }
         fmt.Println(n)
     }
     for i <= 3 {
         fmt.Println(i)
         i = i + 1
     }
 }

5.基础语法--Switch

 package main
 
 import (
     "fmt"
     "time"
 )
 
 func main() {
 
     a := 2
     //在go中下面的每个case后面不需要加上break
     switch a {
     case 1:
         fmt.Println("one")
     case 2:
         fmt.Println("two")
     case 3:
         fmt.Println("three")
     case 4, 5:
         fmt.Println("four or five")
     default:
         fmt.Println("other")
     }
 
     t := time.Now()
     switch {
     case t.Hour() < 12:
         fmt.Println("It's before noon")
     default:
         fmt.Println("It's after noon")
     }
 }

6.基础语法--数组

 package main
 
 import "fmt"
 
 func main() {
 
     var a [5]int
     a[4] = 100
     fmt.Println("get:", a[2])
     fmt.Println("len:", len(a))
 
     b := [5]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
     fmt.Println(b)
 
     var twoD [2][3]int
     for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
         for j := 0; j < 3; j++ {
             twoD[i][j] = i + j
         }
     }
     fmt.Println("2d: ", twoD)
 }

7.基础语法--切片

 package main
 
 import "fmt"
 
 func main() {
 
     s := make([]string, 3)
     s[0] = "a"
     s[1] = "b"
     s[2] = "c"
     fmt.Println("get:", s[2])   // c
     fmt.Println("len:", len(s)) // 3
 
     s = append(s, "d")
     s = append(s, "e", "f")
     fmt.Println(s) // [a b c d e f]
 
     c := make([]string, len(s))
     copy(c, s)
     fmt.Println(c) // [a b c d e f]
 
     fmt.Println(s[2:5]) // [c d e]
     fmt.Println(s[:5])  // [a b c d e]
     fmt.Println(s[2:])  // [c d e f]
 
     good := []string{"g", "o", "o", "d"}
     fmt.Println(good) // [g o o d]
 }

8.基础语法-map

 package main
 
 import "fmt"
 
 func main() {
     m := make(map[string]int)
     m["one"] = 1
     m["two"] = 2
     fmt.Println(m)           // map[one:1 two:2]
     fmt.Println(len(m))      // 2
     fmt.Println(m["one"])    // 1
     fmt.Println(m["unknow"]) // 0
 
     r, ok := m["unknow"]
     fmt.Println(r, ok) // 0 false
 
     delete(m, "one")
 
     m2 := map[string]int{"one": 1, "two": 2}
     var m3 = map[string]int{"one": 1, "two": 2}
     fmt.Println(m2, m3)
 }

9.基础语法--range

 package main
 
 import "fmt"
 
 func main() {
     nums := []int{2, 3, 4}
     sum := 0
     for i, num := range nums {
         sum += num
         if num == 2 {
             fmt.Println("index:", i, "num:", num) // index: 0 num: 2
         }
     }
     fmt.Println(sum) // 9
 
     m := map[string]string{"a": "A", "b": "B"}
     for k, v := range m {
         fmt.Println(k, v) // b 8; a A
     }
     for k := range m {
         fmt.Println("key", k) // key a; key b
     }
 }

10.基础语法--函数

package main

import "fmt"

func add(a int, b int) int {
	return a + b
}

func add2(a, b int) int {
	return a + b
}

func exists(m map[string]string, k string) (v string, ok bool) {
	v, ok = m[k]
	return v, ok
}

func main() {
	res := add(1, 2)
	fmt.Println(res) // 3

	v, ok := exists(map[string]string{"a": "A"}, "a")
	fmt.Println(v, ok) // A True
}

11.基础语法--指针

package main

import "fmt"

func add2(n int) {
	n += 2
}
//指针类型
func add2ptr(n *int) {
	*n += 2
}

func main() {
	n := 5
	add2(n)
	fmt.Println(n) // 5
	add2ptr(&n)
	fmt.Println(n) // 7
}

12.基础语法--结构体

package main

import "fmt"

type user struct {
	name     string
	password string
}

func main() {
	a := user{name: "wang", password: "1024"}
	b := user{"wang", "1024"}
	c := user{name: "wang"}
	c.password = "1024"
	var d user
	d.name = "wang"
	d.password = "1024"

	fmt.Println(a, b, c, d)                 // {wang 1024} {wang 1024} {wang 1024} {wang 1024}
	fmt.Println(checkPassword(a, "haha"))   // false
	fmt.Println(checkPassword2(&a, "haha")) // false
}

func checkPassword(u user, password string) bool {
	return u.password == password
}

func checkPassword2(u *user, password string) bool {
	return u.password == password
}

13.基础语法--结构体方法

package main

import "fmt"

type user struct {
	name     string
	password string
}

func (u user) checkPassword(password string) bool {
	return u.password == password
}

func (u *user) resetPassword(password string) {
	u.password = password
}

func main() {
	a := user{name: "wang", password: "1024"}
	a.resetPassword("2048")
	fmt.Println(a.checkPassword("2048")) // true
}

14.基础语法--错误处理

package main

import (
	"errors"
	"fmt"
)

type user struct {
	name     string
	password string
}

func findUser(users []user, name string) (v *user, err error) {
	for _, u := range users {
		if u.name == name {
			return &u, nil
		}
	}
	return nil, errors.New("not found")
}

func main() {
	u, err := findUser([]user{{"wang", "1024"}}, "wang")
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
		return
	}
	fmt.Println(u.name) // wang

	if u, err := findUser([]user{{"wang", "1024"}}, "li"); err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err) // not found
		return
	} else {
		fmt.Println(u.name)
	}
}

15.基础语法--字符串操作

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	a := "hello"
	fmt.Println(strings.Contains(a, "ll"))                // true
	fmt.Println(strings.Count(a, "l"))                    // 2
	fmt.Println(strings.HasPrefix(a, "he"))               // true
	fmt.Println(strings.HasSuffix(a, "llo"))              // true
	fmt.Println(strings.Index(a, "ll"))                   // 2
	fmt.Println(strings.Join([]string{"he", "llo"}, "-")) // he-llo
	fmt.Println(strings.Repeat(a, 2))                     // hellohello
	fmt.Println(strings.Replace(a, "e", "E", -1))         // hEllo
	fmt.Println(strings.Split("a-b-c", "-"))              // [a b c]
	fmt.Println(strings.ToLower(a))                       // hello
	fmt.Println(strings.ToUpper(a))                       // HELLO
	fmt.Println(len(a))                                   // 5
	b := "你好"
	fmt.Println(len(b)) // 6
}

16.基础语法--字符串格式化

package main

import "fmt"

type point struct {
	x, y int
}

func main() {
	s := "hello"
	n := 123
	p := point{1, 2}
	fmt.Println(s, n) // hello 123
	fmt.Println(p)    // {1 2}

	fmt.Printf("s=%v\n", s)  // s=hello
	fmt.Printf("n=%v\n", n)  // n=123
	fmt.Printf("p=%v\n", p)  // p={1 2}
	fmt.Printf("p=%+v\n", p) // p={x:1 y:2}
	fmt.Printf("p=%#v\n", p) // p=main.point{x:1, y:2}

	f := 3.141592653
	fmt.Println(f)          // 3.141592653
	fmt.Printf("%.2f\n", f) // 3.14
}

17.基础语法--json处理

package main

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
)

type userInfo struct {
	Name  string
	Age   int `json:"age"`
	Hobby []string
}

func main() {
	a := userInfo{Name: "wang", Age: 18, Hobby: []string{"Golang", "TypeScript"}}
	buf, err := json.Marshal(a)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(buf)         // [123 34 78 97...]
	fmt.Println(string(buf)) // {"Name":"wang","age":18,"Hobby":["Golang","TypeScript"]}

	buf, err = json.MarshalIndent(a, "", "\t")
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(string(buf))

	var b userInfo
	err = json.Unmarshal(buf, &b)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("%#v\n", b) // main.userInfo{Name:"wang", Age:18, Hobby:[]string{"Golang", "TypeScript"}}
}

18.基础语法--时间处理

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"time"
)

func main() {
	now := time.Now()
	fmt.Println(now) // 2022-03-27 18:04:59.433297 +0800 CST m=+0.000087933
	t := time.Date(2022, 3, 27, 1, 25, 36, 0, time.UTC)
	t2 := time.Date(2022, 3, 27, 2, 30, 36, 0, time.UTC)
	fmt.Println(t)                                                  // 2022-03-27 01:25:36 +0000 UTC
	fmt.Println(t.Year(), t.Month(), t.Day(), t.Hour(), t.Minute()) // 2022 March 27 1 25
	fmt.Println(t.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"))                    // 2022-03-27 01:25:36
	diff := t2.Sub(t)
	fmt.Println(diff)                           // 1h5m0s
	fmt.Println(diff.Minutes(), diff.Seconds()) // 65 3900
	t3, err := time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", "2022-03-27 01:25:36")
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(t3 == t)    // true
	fmt.Println(now.Unix()) // 1648738080
}

19.基础语法--数字解析

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strconv"
)

func main() {
	f, _ := strconv.ParseFloat("1.234", 64)
	fmt.Println(f) // 1.234

	n, _ := strconv.ParseInt("111", 10, 64)
	fmt.Println(n) // 111

	n, _ = strconv.ParseInt("0x1000", 0, 64)
	fmt.Println(n) // 4096

	n2, _ := strconv.Atoi("123")
	fmt.Println(n2) // 123

	n2, err := strconv.Atoi("AAA")
	fmt.Println(n2, err) // 0 strconv.Atoi: parsing "AAA": invalid syntax
}

20.基础语法--进程信息

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"os/exec"
)

func main() {
	// go run example/20-env/main.go a b c d
	fmt.Println(os.Args)           // [/var/folders/8p/n34xxfnx38dg8bv_x8l62t_m0000gn/T/go-build3406981276/b001/exe/main a b c d]
	fmt.Println(os.Getenv("PATH")) // /usr/local/go/bin...
	fmt.Println(os.Setenv("AA", "BB"))

	buf, err := exec.Command("grep", "127.0.0.1", "/etc/hosts").CombinedOutput()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(string(buf)) // 127.0.0.1       localhost
}

（3）Go实战

1.猜谜游戏

V1版本--生成随机数

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"math/rand"
)

func main() {
	maxNum := 100
	secretNumber := rand.Intn(maxNum)
	fmt.Println("The secret number is ", secretNumber)
}

V2版本--生成随机数

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"math/rand"
	"time"
)

func main() {
	maxNum := 100
	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
	secretNumber := rand.Intn(maxNum)
	fmt.Println("The secret number is ", secretNumber)
}

V3版本--读取用户输入

package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"math/rand"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"
)

func main() {
	maxNum := 100
	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
	secretNumber := rand.Intn(maxNum)
	fmt.Println("The secret number is ", secretNumber)

	fmt.Println("Please input your guess")
	reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
	input, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("An error occured while reading input. Please try again", err)
		return
	}
	input = strings.Trim(input, "\r\n")

	guess, err := strconv.Atoi(input)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("Invalid input. Please enter an integer value")
		return
	}
	fmt.Println("You guess is", guess)
}

V4版本--实现判断逻辑

package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"math/rand"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"
)

func main() {
	maxNum := 100
	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
	secretNumber := rand.Intn(maxNum)
	fmt.Println("The secret number is ", secretNumber)

	fmt.Println("Please input your guess")
	reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
	input, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("An error occured while reading input. Please try again", err)
		return
	}
	input = strings.Trim(input, "\r\n")

	guess, err := strconv.Atoi(input)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("Invalid input. Please enter an integer value")
		return
	}
	fmt.Println("You guess is", guess)
	if guess > secretNumber {
		fmt.Println("Your guess is bigger than the secret number. Please try again")
	} else if guess < secretNumber {
		fmt.Println("Your guess is smaller than the secret number. Please try again")
	} else {
		fmt.Println("Correct, you Legend!")
	}
}

V5版本--实现游戏循环

package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"math/rand"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"
)

func main() {
	maxNum := 100
	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
	secretNumber := rand.Intn(maxNum)
	// fmt.Println("The secret number is ", secretNumber)

	fmt.Println("Please input your guess")
	reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
	for {
		input, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Println("An error occured while reading input. Please try again", err)
			continue
		}
		input = strings.Trim(input, "\r\n")

		guess, err := strconv.Atoi(input)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Println("Invalid input. Please enter an integer value")
			continue
		}
		fmt.Println("You guess is", guess)
		if guess > secretNumber {
			fmt.Println("Your guess is bigger than the secret number. Please try again")
		} else if guess < secretNumber {
			fmt.Println("Your guess is smaller than the secret number. Please try again")
		} else {
			fmt.Println("Correct, you Legend!")
			break
		}
	}
}

2.在线词典介绍

在线词典--抓包

网址：[彩云小译]:fanyi.caiyunapp.com/#/

抓包dict的post请求：

uTools_1673760525986

在线词典--代码生成

复制该请求的cURL命令

uTools_1673760986300

粘贴到GoLand

uTools_1673760809970

进入代码生成的网址：curlconverter.com/#go

uTools_1673762170570

代码生成

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	client := &http.Client{}
	var data = strings.NewReader(`{"trans_type":"en2zh","source":"good"}`)
	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.interpreter.caiyunai.com/v1/dict", data)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	req.Header.Set("Connection", "keep-alive")
	req.Header.Set("DNT", "1")
	req.Header.Set("os-version", "")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/99.0.4844.51 Safari/537.36")
	req.Header.Set("app-name", "xy")
	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
	req.Header.Set("device-id", "")
	req.Header.Set("os-type", "web")
	req.Header.Set("X-Authorization", "token:qgemv4jr1y38jyq6vhvi")
	req.Header.Set("Origin", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Site", "cross-site")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Mode", "cors")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Dest", "empty")
	req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com/")
	req.Header.Set("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9")
	req.Header.Set("Cookie", "_ym_uid=16456948721020430059; _ym_d=1645694872")
	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	bodyText, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText)
}

在线词典--生成request body

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"log"
	"net/http"
)

type DictRequest struct {
	TransType string `json:"trans_type"`
	Source    string `json:"source"`
	UserID    string `json:"user_id"`
}

func main() {
	client := &http.Client{}
	request := DictRequest{TransType: "en2zh", Source: "good"}
	buf, err := json.Marshal(request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	var data = bytes.NewReader(buf)
	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.interpreter.caiyunai.com/v1/dict", data)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	req.Header.Set("Connection", "keep-alive")
	req.Header.Set("DNT", "1")
	req.Header.Set("os-version", "")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/99.0.4844.51 Safari/537.36")
	req.Header.Set("app-name", "xy")
	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
	req.Header.Set("device-id", "")
	req.Header.Set("os-type", "web")
	req.Header.Set("X-Authorization", "token:qgemv4jr1y38jyq6vhvi")
	req.Header.Set("Origin", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Site", "cross-site")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Mode", "cors")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Dest", "empty")
	req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com/")
	req.Header.Set("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9")
	req.Header.Set("Cookie", "_ym_uid=16456948721020430059; _ym_d=1645694872")
	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	bodyText, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText)
}

在线词典--解析response body

打开网址(JSON转Golang Struct): oktools.net/json2go

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"log"
	"net/http"
)

type DictRequest struct {
	TransType string `json:"trans_type"`
	Source    string `json:"source"`
	UserID    string `json:"user_id"`
}

type DictResponse struct {
	Rc   int `json:"rc"`
	Wiki struct {
		KnownInLaguages int `json:"known_in_laguages"`
		Description     struct {
			Source string      `json:"source"`
			Target interface{} `json:"target"`
		} `json:"description"`
		ID   string `json:"id"`
		Item struct {
			Source string `json:"source"`
			Target string `json:"target"`
		} `json:"item"`
		ImageURL  string `json:"image_url"`
		IsSubject string `json:"is_subject"`
		Sitelink  string `json:"sitelink"`
	} `json:"wiki"`
	Dictionary struct {
		Prons struct {
			EnUs string `json:"en-us"`
			En   string `json:"en"`
		} `json:"prons"`
		Explanations []string      `json:"explanations"`
		Synonym      []string      `json:"synonym"`
		Antonym      []string      `json:"antonym"`
		WqxExample   [][]string    `json:"wqx_example"`
		Entry        string        `json:"entry"`
		Type         string        `json:"type"`
		Related      []interface{} `json:"related"`
		Source       string        `json:"source"`
	} `json:"dictionary"`
}

func main() {
	client := &http.Client{}
	request := DictRequest{TransType: "en2zh", Source: "good"}
	buf, err := json.Marshal(request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	var data = bytes.NewReader(buf)
	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.interpreter.caiyunai.com/v1/dict", data)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	req.Header.Set("Connection", "keep-alive")
	req.Header.Set("DNT", "1")
	req.Header.Set("os-version", "")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/99.0.4844.51 Safari/537.36")
	req.Header.Set("app-name", "xy")
	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
	req.Header.Set("device-id", "")
	req.Header.Set("os-type", "web")
	req.Header.Set("X-Authorization", "token:qgemv4jr1y38jyq6vhvi")
	req.Header.Set("Origin", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Site", "cross-site")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Mode", "cors")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Dest", "empty")
	req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com/")
	req.Header.Set("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9")
	req.Header.Set("Cookie", "_ym_uid=16456948721020430059; _ym_d=1645694872")
	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	bodyText, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	var dictResponse DictResponse
	err = json.Unmarshal(bodyText, &dictResponse)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("%#v\n", dictResponse)
}

在线词典--打印结果

源代码：hi-hi.cn/go

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"os"
)

type DictRequest struct {
	TransType string `json:"trans_type"`
	Source    string `json:"source"`
	UserID    string `json:"user_id"`
}

type DictResponse struct {
	Rc   int `json:"rc"`
	Wiki struct {
		KnownInLaguages int `json:"known_in_laguages"`
		Description     struct {
			Source string      `json:"source"`
			Target interface{} `json:"target"`
		} `json:"description"`
		ID   string `json:"id"`
		Item struct {
			Source string `json:"source"`
			Target string `json:"target"`
		} `json:"item"`
		ImageURL  string `json:"image_url"`
		IsSubject string `json:"is_subject"`
		Sitelink  string `json:"sitelink"`
	} `json:"wiki"`
	Dictionary struct {
		Prons struct {
			EnUs string `json:"en-us"`
			En   string `json:"en"`
		} `json:"prons"`
		Explanations []string      `json:"explanations"`
		Synonym      []string      `json:"synonym"`
		Antonym      []string      `json:"antonym"`
		WqxExample   [][]string    `json:"wqx_example"`
		Entry        string        `json:"entry"`
		Type         string        `json:"type"`
		Related      []interface{} `json:"related"`
		Source       string        `json:"source"`
	} `json:"dictionary"`
}

func query(word string) {
	client := &http.Client{}
	request := DictRequest{TransType: "en2zh", Source: word}
	buf, err := json.Marshal(request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	var data = bytes.NewReader(buf)
	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.interpreter.caiyunai.com/v1/dict", data)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	req.Header.Set("Connection", "keep-alive")
	req.Header.Set("DNT", "1")
	req.Header.Set("os-version", "")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/99.0.4844.51 Safari/537.36")
	req.Header.Set("app-name", "xy")
	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
	req.Header.Set("device-id", "")
	req.Header.Set("os-type", "web")
	req.Header.Set("X-Authorization", "token:qgemv4jr1y38jyq6vhvi")
	req.Header.Set("Origin", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Site", "cross-site")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Mode", "cors")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Dest", "empty")
	req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com/")
	req.Header.Set("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9")
	req.Header.Set("Cookie", "_ym_uid=16456948721020430059; _ym_d=1645694872")
	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	bodyText, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	if resp.StatusCode != 200 {
		log.Fatal("bad StatusCode:", resp.StatusCode, "body", string(bodyText))
	}
	var dictResponse DictResponse
	err = json.Unmarshal(bodyText, &dictResponse)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(word, "UK:", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.En, "US:", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.EnUs)
	for _, item := range dictResponse.Dictionary.Explanations {
		fmt.Println(item)
	}
}

func main() {
	if len(os.Args) != 2 {
		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, `usage: simpleDict WORD
example: simpleDict hello
		`)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	word := os.Args[1]
	query(word)
}

3.SOCKS5代理介绍

原理

uTools_1673764370912

总结：

今天学了go语言的基础并进行了项目实战，基础部分主要包括：go语言的介绍以及go语言的基础语法，在基础语法的学习过程中遇到了很多的问题，例如在go中的数组定义是这样的：b := [5]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}，这与之前所学过的Java和c都不一样，使得刚开始学习的时候，感到极为的不习惯。但在自己用心下来之后，发现go的语法其实并不复杂，反而来说很简单。在go的项目实战工程中，主要跟着老师学习了以下的个项目：猜谜游戏和在线词典。在猜谜游戏过程中，老师每一步都进行了代码演示，生成了各个版本的猜谜游戏，有简单到难，一步步带我们完成了go语言的项目实战。在线词典也是一样，带我们一步步的抓包，解析，到最后的实现，在整个过程中，我学习到了很多。

Go语言基础与实战｜ 青训营笔记