解析 URL

function parseUrl(url) {
    // scheme://user:passwd@ 部分
    let schemeStr = '(?:([^/?#]+))?//(?:([^:]*)(?::?(.*))@)?',
    	// host:port path?query 部分
        urlStr = '(?:([^/?#:]*):?([0-9]+)?)?([^?#]*)(\\?(?:[^#]*))?',
    	// #fragment 部分
    	fragmentStr = '(#(?:.*))'
        
    let pattern = RegExp(`^${schemeStr}${urlStr}${fragmentStr}?`)
    let matched = url.match(pattern) || []
    return {
    	protocol: matched[1], // 协议
    	username: matched[2], // 用户名
    	password: matched[3], // 密码
    	hostname: matched[4], // 主机
    	port: matched[5],     // 端口
    	pathname: matched[6], // 路径
    	search: matched[7],   // 查询字符串 queryString
    	hash: matched[8],     // 锚点
    }
}

// 方法二
function parseUrl(url) {
    const urlObj = new URL(url)
    return {
    	protocol: urlObj.protocol,
        username: urlObj.username,
        password: urlObj.password,
        hostname: urlObj.hostname,
        port: urlObj.port,
        pathname: urlObj.pathname,
        search: urlObj.search,
        hash: urlObj.hash
    }
}