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什么是RESTful风格？（摘自百度百科）
RESTFUL是一种网络应用程序的设计风格和开发方式，基于HTTP，可以使用XML格式定义或JSON格式定义。RESTFUL适用于移动互联网厂商作为业务接口的场景，实现第三方OTT调用移动网络资源的功能，动作类型为新增、变更、删除所调用资源。
RESTful风格的特点：
1、每一个URI代表1种资源；
2、客户端使用GET、POST、PUT、DELETE4个表示操作方式的动词对服务端资源进行操作：GET用来获取资源，POST用来新建资源（也可以用于更新资源），PUT用来更新资源，DELETE用来删除资源；
3、通过操作资源的表现形式来操作资源；
4、资源的表现形式是XML或者HTML；
5、客户端与服务端之间的交互在请求之间是无状态的，从客户端到服务端的每个请求都必须包含理解请求所必需的信息。
今天咱们来体验一下
文档结构（有些文件用不到）：
web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
//配置编码过滤器
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
//配置springMVC的前端控制器DispatcherServlet
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
springMVC.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="demo.controller"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置Thymeleaf视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
<property name="order" value="1"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
<property name="templateEngine">
<bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine">
<property name="templateResolver">
<bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver">
<!-- 视图前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/>
<!-- 视图后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".html"/>
<property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
index.html
在testRest/后直接用斜杠/跟参数
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1> <br>
<a th:href="@{/}">走到首页</a> <br>
<a th:href="@{/testRest/1/admin}">测试路径中占位符-->/testRest</a> <br>
<a th:href="@{/test}">测试-->/test</a> <br>
</body>
</html>
success.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
success
</body>
</html>
TestController.java:
package demo.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class TestController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/")
public String index(){
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/test")
public String test(){
return "success";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/testRest/{id}/{username}")
public String testRest(@PathVariable("id") String id,@PathVariable("username") String username){
System.out.println("id:"+id+" username:"+username);
return "success";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/param")
public String test_param(){
return "test_param";
}
}
运行一下：
点击 测试路径中占位符
控制台也收到了传递的参数：
