Spring Security

Spring Security是一个能够为基于Spring的企业应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制解决方案的安全框架。Spring Security 主要实现了Authentication（认证，解决who are you? ）和 Access Control（访问控制，也就是what are you allowed to do？，也称为Authorization）。Spring Security在架构上将认证与授权分离，并提供了扩展点。

认证（Authentication） ：用户认证就是判断一个用户的身份是否合法的过程，用户去访问系统资源时系统要求验证用户的身份信息，身份合法方可继续访问，不合法则拒绝访问。常见的用户身份认证方式有：用户名密码登录，二维码登录，手机短信登录，指纹认证等方式。

授权（Authorization） ：授权是用户认证通过根据用户的权限来控制用户访问资源的过程，拥有资源的访问权限则正常访问，没有权限则拒绝访问。

将OAuth2和Spring Security集成，就可以得到一套完整的安全解决方案。我们可以通过Spring Security OAuth2构建一个授权服务器来验证用户身份以提供access_token，并使用这个access_token来从资源服务器请求数据。

授权服务器

编辑

Authorize Endpoint ：授权端点，进行授权
Token Endpoint ：令牌端点，经过授权拿到对应的Token
Introspection Endpoint ：校验端点，校验Token的合法性
Revocation Endpoint ：撤销端点，撤销授权

整体架构

编辑

流程：

用户访问,此时没有Token。Oauth2RestTemplate会报错，这个报错信息会被Oauth2ClientContextFilter捕获并重定向到授权服务器。
授权服务器通过Authorization Endpoint进行授权，并通过AuthorizationServerTokenServices生成授权码并返回给客户端。
客户端拿到授权码去授权服务器通过Token Endpoint调用AuthorizationServerTokenServices生成Token并返回给客户端
客户端拿到Token去资源服务器访问资源，一般会通过Oauth2AuthenticationManager调用ResourceServerTokenServices进行校验。校验通过可以获取资源。

授权码模式

引入依赖

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.security.oauth</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-security-oauth2</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

或者引入spring cloud oauth2依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-oauth2</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- spring cloud -->
<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>Hoxton.SR8</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

配置 spring security


import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;

@Configuration
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }


    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.formLogin().permitAll()
                .and().authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/oauth/**", "/login/**", "logout/**").permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and().logout().permitAll()
                .and().csrf().disable();
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        BCryptPasswordEncoder encoder = new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication().withUser("admin").
                password(encoder.encode("123456")).authorities("ROLE ADMIN");
    }
}

实现UserDetailService

@Service
public class UserService implements UserDetailsService {

    @Autowired
    private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        String password = passwordEncoder.encode("123456");
        return new User("fox",password, AuthorityUtils.commaSeparatedStringToAuthorityList("admin"));
    }
}

controller

import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/oauth/user")
public class UserController {
    @RequestMapping("/getCurrentUser")
    public Object getCurrentUser(Authentication authentication) {
        return authentication.getPrincipal();
    }
}

配置授权服务器


import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.configurers.ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableAuthorizationServer;
/**
 * 配置授权服务器
 */
@Configuration
@EnableAuthorizationServer
public class AuthorizationServerConfig extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {
    @Autowired
    private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;
    @Override
    public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
        clients.inMemory()
                //配置client_id
                .withClient("client")
                //配置client-secret
                .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("123123"))
                //配置访问token的有效期
                .accessTokenValiditySeconds(3600)
                //配置刷新token的有效期
                .refreshTokenValiditySeconds(864000)
                //配置redirect_uri，用于授权成功后跳转
                .redirectUris("http://www.baidu.com")
                //配置申请的权限范围
                .scopes("all")
                //配置grant_type，表示授权类型
                .authorizedGrantTypes("authorization_code");
    }
}

配置资源服务器


import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableResourceServer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter;

/**
 * 配置资源服务器
 */
@Configuration
@EnableResourceServer
public class ResourceServiceConfig extends ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and().requestMatchers().antMatchers("oauth/user/**");

    }
}