Question 1

题目

This bike is neither his nor hers. It's mine.

译文

这辆自行车既不是他的, 也不是她的. 它是我的.

题解

1. 本题考查名词型的物主代词做表语. 名词性物主代词"她的"英语用"hers", 可以作主语, 宾语, 表语. 例如:
   • This is not Jane's pen; hers is over there. 这不是简的笔, 她的在那边.
   • He compared my paper with hers. 他拿我的作业与她的相比较.

Question 2

题目

"You ought to do it at once." "What, me?"

译文

"你应该马上动手做." "什么? 我来做?"

题解

口语中人称代词宾格可用作主语, 我们把它叫做"异性主语 (aberrantly shaped suject)". 用法如下:

1. 用于下列简单回答. 例如:
   • "I'm very busy." "Me too. I'm busy these days." "我很忙", "我也是. 最近比较忙."
   • "Does any of you know where he lives?" "Me." "你们中知道他住在哪里?" "我(知道)".
2. 常用于表示不满, 厌烦, 轻蔑, 惊讶, 反诘, 否定等强烈感情. 例如:
   • Why me? I have a lot of work to do. 为什么找我帮忙呢? 我很多事要做.

Question 3

题目

The peasants had nothing of their own before liberation.

译文

解放前, 农民们一贫如洗.

题解

1. 句中选项D的"of one's own"意为"属于某人自己的", 适合本题要求. 例如:
   • Create an entire world of your own. 创造属于你自己的世界.
   • Russia, Germany, Britain and Japan have also offered ideas of their own. 俄罗斯, 德国, 英国和日本也提出了他们自己的观点.
2. "of themselves"中的"themselves"是个反身代词, 词组含义为"自身地, 自发地", 显然不适合本题. 例如:
   • Don't worry (yourself) about the children, they're old enough to take good care of themselves. 别挂念着孩子们, 他们已经长大, 自己会招呼自己了.
   • Take care of the pence, and the pounds will taks care of themselves. 看管好便士, 英镑就会在看管好自己. (积少成多)
3. 选项C的"of theirs"中的"theirs"是个名词型的物主代词, 名词性物主代词与"of"连用, 构成双重所有格, 显然不适合本题. 例如:
   • This demand of their is quite ridiculous. 他们的这个要求非常可笑.
   • Any negligence of their may cause losses to the company. 他们在履行职责中的任何过失都可能导致公司的损失.

Question 4

题目

His is such a united family that the villagers all admire it.

译文

他的家庭是一个如此团结的家庭, 村民们都很羡慕.

题解

1. 句中"His"是个名词性物主代词, 作主语, 本题中指"他的家庭". 例如:
   • Her cat's very thin but his is very fat. 她的猫很瘦, 而他的却很胖.
   • Yours is an unusual case. 你的例子算是一个不寻常的个案.
2. 说"如此团结的家庭"用"such a united family". 该词组中的不定冠词必须后置, 不说"a such". 例如:
   • He is such a good player. 他是一个很出色的运动员.
   • Few borrowers can cope with such a burden. 极少数借款人可以应对这样的负担.
3. 选项C中"so united a family"的表达也是可以的. 但是"her's"是个错误的表达, 如果将"Her's"改为"Hers", 那么该选项也正确了.

Question 5

题目

Long before children are able to speak or understand a language they communicate through facial expressions and by making noises.

译文

在孩子们会说话或能理解语言之前, 他们通过脸部表情和发出声响来与人交流.

题解

1. 本句考查人称代词的一致. 人称代词"they"指的是"children". 例如:
   • When Tom was a child, he lived with his aunt. 当汤姆是个小孩子时, 他和他姑姑住在一起. (he指的是Tom)
   • Since teacher are strict, we never tell them our personal affairs or secrets. 由于老师们都很严格, 我们从来不把个人的事或秘密告诉他们.

Question 6

题目

Any student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.

译文

任何一个稍有常识的学生都应该能回答这个问题.

题解

1. "any"用于肯定句中, 描述三者或三者以上中的"任何一个","所有的", 修饰可数名词单数或不可数名词, 合适本题. 例如:
   • A golden key can open any door. 一把金钥匙能打开所有的门.
   • We can borrow any books from the school library. 我们可以借阅学校图书馆里任何书.
   • OK. Please come any time tomorrow afternoon. 好的. 明天下午随便什么时候来都可以.

Question 7

题目

The probleam that we are faced with right now is one of great urgency and so it needs immediate attention.

译文

我们目前面临的是一个十分紧迫的问题, 因此要立即引起注意.

题解

1. 不定代词"one"可以用作替代词, 指代在上文中出现的或是在下文中提到的可数名词. "one"替代"problem". "one of"含义为"之一", "一种", "中的一个".请看下列例句:
   • The tone of the NEJM paper was one of urgency. 《新英格兰医学杂志》的语气是紧急的一种。
   • Friendship is one of the most precious emotions in our life. 在我们的生命中, 友谊是其中一种非常珍贵的感情.
   • Eating is one of my favorite habits. 吃是我的爱好之一.
2. "that of"中的"that"仅代表前面提到的用定冠词修饰的名词, 但没有"之一", "一种", "中的一个"的含义, 因此不适合本题. 例如:
   • The second most common profession is that of businessman. 位居最普通职业第二的是商人.
   • Thus the problem of air pollution would become less important than that of unemployment. 所以, 空气污染问题与失业问题相比就显得不那么重要了.

Question 8

题目

The four goals showed that the team had lost none of their old abilities.

译文

进4个球说明球队一点也没有失去他们以往的能力.

题解

1. 本题是说他们进了4个球, 依然能力很强, 句子特指他们没有失去这种能力, 因此, 应该用表特指的"none". 例如:
   • They soon showed that they had lost none of the insolence. 他们很快就显示他们的蛮横态度毫无收敛.
   • Our special thanks also go to the thousands of gracious volunteers, without whom none of this would be possible. 我们还要特别感谢成千上万无私奉献的志愿者们, 没有他们, 这一切别的不可能实现.
2. 句中的"nothing"泛指"没有任何东西/事情". 用于本题显示不合适. 例如:
   • He always made nothing of what I said. 他总是不把我说的话当一回事.
   • He knows no English, to say nothing of French or German. 他连英语都不懂, 更不用说法语和德语了.
3. "no one"仅用于指人.

Question 9

题目

None of us could agree on where to go on vacation, so we went to different places, they to Shanghai and I to Xiamen.

译文

上哪儿度假, 我们达不成一致. 于是各走各的, 他们去上海, 我去厦门.

题解

1. 读懂了这个句子的含义, 正确答案就不难选择了. 本题是"主格代词或名词 +不定式"的结构作状语 (该结构也称不定式的独立结构). 例如:
   • We divided the work, he to clean the window and I to sweep the floor. 我们分配了工作, 他擦窗户, 我扫地板.
   • Two parties should reach an early agreement on basic principles, the details to be discussed later. 双方应在基本原则上及早达成一致, 细节可以后讨论.

Question 10

题目

Hardly anybody likes him because he is so rude.

译文

几乎没有人喜欢他, 因为他太粗鲁无礼.

题解

1. 副词可以修饰代词, 句中"hardly"常和"any"连用, 含义与"almost no"相近. 如我们常说"hardly any"意为"几乎没有". 例如:
   • We ahve hardly any chance to watch TV on campus. 在校园里我们几乎没有机会看电视.
   • The sea is calm, with hardly any waves. 海洋很平静, 几乎没有海洋.
2. "hardly anybody"意为"几乎没有人". 例如:
   • The exam results were bad, hardly anybody in our class passed. 那次考试很糟糕, 几乎没有人通过.
   • Hardly anybody understands what the guest lecturer has said. 几乎没有人明白客座讲演者所写什么.
3. 句中的"hardly"修饰"anybody", 因此不用倒装结构. 若"hardly"修饰谓语动词, 置于句首时用倒装结构. 例如:
   • Hardly does he know the answer to the question. 他几乎不知道问题的答案.
   • Hardly could we see each other in the fog. 在雾中我们彼此几乎看不见.

Question 11

题目

I want very much to buy this IPhone, but I can't afford it.

译文

我很想买下这台IPhone, 但恐怕花不起这笔钱.

题目

本题考察的是不定代词"one"和"it", "that"作替代词的用法.

1. "it"替代名称相同的同一物. 例如:
   • --- Are you still using that old car? 你仍在用那些旧车嘛?
   • --- No, I sold it the other day. 不, 我几天前把它卖了.
2. "one"用于替代名称相同的且可数的另一物. 例如:
   • --- I've just bought a new car. 我刚买了一辆新车.
   • --- I'm going to buy one next week. 我打算下周也要买一辆.
3. "that"用于替代与前面所提到的为同类物. 但本句前面说"to buy this iPhone,but"后用that显示不合逻辑.

Question 12

题目

I'd like to buy a present for my father's birthday, one at a proper price but of great use.

译文

我想给我父亲买一份礼物, 一份价格适中但十分有用的礼物.

题解

本题考察不定代词"one", "ones", "that"和"the ones"作替代词的用法. 在本题中不定代词作同位语.

1. 替代带不定冠词或零冠词的表泛指的可数名词: 单数用one, 复数用ones. 本题是替代单数名词"a present", 在句子的结构上作同位语, 后接一个介词短语修饰. 例如:
   • I just chose a simpler lifestyle, one where I could ride my bike all over. 我选择一种较为简单的生活, 一种骑着自行车就可以到处走走的生活.
   • I had learned to accpet this as a constant problem for a surgeon, one that cloud never be completely solved. 我已经学会把这个看作一个外科医生经常会遇到的问题, 一个永远也不能解决的问题.
2. 替代由定冠词或人称代词等修饰的不可数名词用that. 例如:
   • The volume of the sun is much larger than that of the earth. 太阳的体积比地球的体积大得多.
   • I prefer the weather of Shanghai to that of Beijing. 与北京的天气相比, 我更喜欢上海的天气.
3. 代替由定冠词或人称代词等修饰的可数单数名词用that或the one, 复数用the ones或those. 例如:
   • She preferred the seat near the window to the one / that in the dorrway. 他宁要窗口的位置, 也不要那个门口的位置.
   • They preferred the seats near the window to the ones / those in the dorrway. 他们宁要这些窗口的位置, 也不要那些门口的位置.
4. 本题替代的是由不定冠词修饰的可数名词"a present", 因此应用"one"

Question 13

题目

The films that gain great international reputation and high box office are not necessarily the ones with high investment.

译文

获得很高国际赞誉和很高票房的电影不一定是高投入的电影.

题解

1. 代替由定冠词或有限定词修饰的表特指的可数单数名词用the one, 复数用the ones或those. 本题选用"the ones"替代"the films". 例如:
   • At first, these mice were as slow and unhealthy as the ones eating fatty foods. 开始, 这些老鼠和吃高脂肪的老鼠一样动作缓慢且不健康.
   • They will also give money to families that earn much more than those that now receive aid. 他们还将对比现行接受资助家庭收入高很多的家庭给予资助.
2. "the one", "that"只能代替指的单数名词. 例如:
   • On her wedding ceremony, she wore that necklace, the one her mother lef her. 在婚礼上, 他戴了那条项链, 那条她母亲留给她的项链.
   • Tick, tock. Tick tock. Are you working yet? Sometimes, the only schedule worth keeping is the one you make yourself. 滴答, 滴答. 你还在工作吗? 有时唯一值得遵守的日程安排是自己制定的那份.
3. "that"还可代替被定语修饰的不可数名词. 例如:
   • To them, life in a big family seems to be more enjoyable than that in a small family. 对他们来说, 生活在一个大家庭中似乎要比生活在自己的小家庭中更幸福.
   • With Canada being a knowledge-based economy, demand in the applied sciences is somewhat stronger than that in other areas. 由于加拿大的知识产业结构, 因此对应用型科学专业人员的需求较为强烈.

Question 14

题目

"Is it Mary speaking?" "Yes, it was she who phoned you a moment ago."

译文

"你是玛丽吗?" "是的, 刚才就是我打电话给你."

题解

1. 第一个空格考察的是英语的电话使用语. 汉语电话中说"我是...", 英语自报姓名不用"I am", 而用"This is", "It is"这一句型. 例如:
   • This is John Smith speaking. 我是约翰.史密斯.
   • It is Professor Smith? 那是史密斯教授吗?
2. 第二个空格考察人称代词做表语的规则. 按正式文体要求, 人称代词在表语位置时必须用主格, TOEFL考试坚持这一观点. 例如:
   • "Is it Mary?" "Yes, it is she." "是玛丽吗?" "是的, 我是玛丽". 说明:表语后接that或who引导的从句时可用主格或宾格. 例如: It was he that answered the question. 是他回答了这个问题. 但是,日常生活中或口语中, 人们往往用宾格. 例如: It's me calling to chat and see what you're up to. 我打电话是想找你聊天, 顺便了解下近况.

Question 15

题目

Is this skirt the one she likes best?

译文

这条裙子是她最喜欢的吗?

题解

1. 在做本题之前, 必须知道本句的主语是"this skirt", 所提供的选项是表语.
2. "shirk"是个可数名词, 可以用"one"或"the one"作替代词. 本句有定语从句"she likes best"修饰, 因此改用"the one". 例如:
   • Of all his books this is the one I like best. 在他全部书籍中间, 这本书是我最喜欢的.
   • I have many hobbie; the one I like the most is skinng. 我的爱好很多, 最喜欢的是滑雪.

Question 16

题目

By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further 20 years.

译文

到最小的孩子15岁时, 母亲50刚出头, 可以指望再生活20年.

题解

说"又一个","再一个"有如下几种表达:

1. another + 数词
   • He renewed the book for anothertwo months. 这本书他又续借了两个月.
   • In another three weeks or so, around the time of weaning, mom will lead them on their first trip out of the den. 再过三周左右, 在断奶时, 妈妈会带领它们第一次离开洞穴.
2. a further + 数词, 适合本题, 例如:
   • We intend to stay for a further two months. 我们打算再停留两个月.
   • Liverpool went onto score a further three goals, humiliating United in front of their own fans with an unforgettable 4-1 triumph. 随后利物浦一鼓作气连进三球, 在曼联球迷前面以4比1胜利羞辱曼联.
3. 数词 + more
   • I need two more credits. 我还差两个学分.
   • The two brother made three more flights that day. 当天, 兄弟两人又进行了三次飞行.
4. an additional + 数词
   • It will take an additional two weeks to finish the work. 还得再花两星期才能完成这项工作.
   • Afterwards the students go back to school for an additional three periods before going home for dinner. 之后，学生们在回家吃饭之前，再回到学校学习三节课。

Question 17

题目

"It doesn't fit me well." "What about the one next to it?"

译文

"它不适合我。" "它旁边的那个怎么样？"

题解

1. "the one"特指另外的那一个. 例如:
   • Which is the one you like best? 你最喜欢的是哪个?
   • Spend a quiet day with the one you love. 与你爱的那个人静静的度过一天.
2. 句中"next to"是个介词短语, 意为"紧挨着", 在句中作后置定语. 例如:
   • I saw it on your desk next to the printer half an hour ago. 半个小时前, 我看见它在你的桌子上, 在打印机的旁边.
   • Our house is the one next to the school. 我家的房子就是学校旁边的那座.

Question 18

题目

"How many elephants did you see?" "None."

译文

"你看到几头大象?" "一头也没有."

题解

1. "none"用于指人或指物, 意为"没有所指的)人或物". 使用none有一定的范围, 用于指物(可数或不可数), 意为"没有(所指的)物"; 用于指人, 意为"没有(所指的)人". 可用与介词of构成的短语表示, 也可不表示出来. 例如:
   • None of us could live without other people. 任何人都不可能离开他人而生活.
   • "Did you see any elephants in the zoo last week?" "None." 上星期在动物园里看到大象了吗? 一头也没有.
2. "no one"是个用于泛指的代词, 不强调具体范围, 仅限于指人, 相当于nobody, 不用于与介词of构成的短语. 例如:
   • I think no one can help me except you. 我想除了你之外没有人能帮助我.
   • When they go out into the street, no one asks for their autographs. 当他们出门在街上走的时候, 没有人要求他们的亲笔签名.
3. "nothing"指"什么东西也没有". 例如:
   • Helen: Can you see anthing? 你能看见什么了吗?
   • Jack: Nothing. 什么也没有看见.

Question 19

题目

Neither of the washing-machines works. We must have someone repair the two of them.

译文

两台洗衣机都不能运转. 我们必须叫人来修理这两台洗衣机.

题解

1. 根据句子"the two of them"可以知道是两台洗衣机, 且都必须让人来修理. 因此第一个空格中只能填"neither", 意为"两者都不".
2. 第二个空格为"have somebody do something"意为"叫人做某事", "让某人做某事". 例如:
   • Could you have somebody do something about that? 您能叫人修理一下吗?
   • Say no more. I'll have someone take care of them. 不要再说了. 我会找人收拾它们的.

Question 20

题目

Every one of us knows the reason why winter is colder than summer.

译文

我们人人都知道为什么冬天比夏天冷.

题解

1. "every one"意为"每一个人或物", 常后接"of + 名词". 例如:
   • Every one of us appreciates your timely help. 我们大家都感谢你及时的帮助.
   • Examine every one of the glasses carefully as you unpack them. 打开包装时, 要对每只杯子都做仔细检查.
2. "everyone"是个复合不定代词, 仅用于指定人, 且后面从不接"of". 例如:
   • This is the kind of food everyone likes. 这是一种每个人都喜欢的事物.
   • Everyone knows that human life is limited. 谁都知道, 人的生命是有限的.
3. 网络上可以查到大量"everyone of us"的句子, 这种用法被认为是错误的.

Question 21

题解

We started the game confidently, but it soon became apparent that our opponents were too strong for us.

译文

比赛刚开始我们信心十足, 接着明显看得出, 我们的对手太强了.

题解

1. "it"作形式主语, 代替"that"引导从句. 例如:
   • His father got him a job in bank but it soon became clear that he was not cutout for that kind of work. 他爸爸给他在银行找了一个工作, 但是不久就可以清楚地看出来, 他不适合干那种工作.

Question 22

题解

Some babies begin talking as early as six months; others don't speak until they are more than two years old.

译文

有些婴儿6个月就会讲话, 有的则要到两岁多才开始讲话.

题解

1. "some...others"意为"有的...有的...", 用于泛指, 例如:
   • Some people like walking, Some like running, Others like swimming. 有些人喜欢散步, 有些人喜欢跑步, 其他人喜欢游泳.
   • Some are taking photos. Others are lying on the beach. 一些人在拍照, 还有一些躺在沙滩上.
2. "the others"意为"其余全部的", 显然不适合本题, 因为其余的孩子还有许多种情况. 例如:
   • Some are running. The others are playing games. 一些人在跑步, 其余的都在做游戏.
   • Some speak Japanese. The others speak English. 一些说日语, 其余的人都说英语.
3. "the other"意为"(两个中的)另一个". 例如:
   • One is blue. The other (pen) is black. 一支是蓝色的, 另一只是黑色的.
   • I can only find one sock. Where is the other one? 我只能找到一只袜子, 另外一只在哪里?
4. "another"意为"(对已经提及的事物的)另一个". 例如:
   • Saying is one thing. Doing is another thing. 说是一回事, 做又是另一回事.
   • TO improve the situation, it is advisable to take the following measures. For one thing... For another... 为了改善局面, 建议采取以下措施. 其一...其二...

Question 23

题目

Bill is a man of few words.

译文

比尔是个沉默寡言的人.

题解

1. 句中的"a man of few words"是个短语, 意为"沉默寡言的人". 例如:
   • He is a man of few words. 他是一个沉默寡言的人.
   • Dad was a man of few words, but I always liked to talk to him, and I could always fell a very special connection to him. 老爸话不多, 但是我总喜欢有什么话都和他说, 同时我也总能感到和老爸之间那种无法言喻的特殊关系.

Question 24

题目

It's freezing! I've never known a winter this cold before.

译文

天冷极了! 我还真没有见过这么冷的冬天.

题解

本题考察"this"和"that"的用法.

1. "this"可以用作副词, 意为"这么", "这样地", 用于修饰形容词. 例如:
   • I have a brother about this tall. 我有一个兄弟长这么高.
   • We have this big dog as a protection against burglars. 我们养了这么大的一条狗是用来防盗的.
2. "that"可以用作副词, 意为"那么", "那样地", 用于修饰形容词. 例如:
   • I caught a fish twice that big last week. 上星期我钓到的鱼有那条的两倍大.
   • I never make plans that for ahead. 我从不计划那么遥远的事情.
3. 说话人指眼下的天气很冷, 应选用"this".

Question 25

题目

The current economic crisis caught almost everyone by surprise.

译文

当前的经济危机让所有人都感到震惊.

题解

1. "cathc sb. by surprise"意为"使某人大吃一惊". 本题"almost everyone"的含义为"几乎所有人". "almost"是副词, 修饰不定代词. 适合题解, 例如:
   • Almost all of these people are small-businessmen, not fat cats. 这些人几乎都是小企业家, 不是大资本家.
   • And almost none of them credit their success to being smart. 他们中几乎没有一个人把他们的成就归功于其天生的才华.

Question 26

题目

In some big cities, little is done to make smoke clean before it goes into the air.

译文

在某些大城市, 烟尘被排放到空气中之前几乎没有采取任何净化措施.

题解

1. "little is done"的含义是"什么事情也没有做". 适合本题, 例如:
   • The result of this is that little homework is done and some children barely know how to read. 结果是学生很少做作业, 一些孩子几乎不知道如何读书.
   • Yet little is done on the systematic research of employee turnover from the perspective of Human Resource Management. 很少有人专门从人力资源角度对我国的企业员工流失做系统的研究.

Question 27

题目

The students each have an English-Chinese dictionary.

译文

学生们每位都有一本英汉词典.

题解

1. 本句的主语是复数名词"the students", 谓语动词应用复数. 句中的"each"是个同位语. 适合本题, 例如:
   • We each put forward a proposal. 我们每个人都提了一条建议.
   • They each have a book in their bags. 他们各有一本书在他们的书包里面.

Question 28

题目

I had thought I would have difficulty in solving the problems, but as a matter of fact, I met none.

译文

我原以为我会遇到难于解决的问题, 但实际上, 我没遇到任何问题.

题解

本题考察"none","no one","nothing"以及"nethier"的用法.

1. "none"作代词, 用于特指前面提到的东西, 含义为"一点也没有", 适合本题. 例如:
   • I wanted some more coffee but there was none left. 我再要一些咖啡, 但是一点也没有剩下了.
   • You said the books were on the desk but there was none there. 你说书在桌子上面, 但是桌子上面一本书都没有.
2. "no one"仅用于指人. "nothing"指"什么东西也没有", 用于泛指. 例如:
   • Have you anything else to say? Nothing. 你还有什么要说的吗? 什么都没有.
   • There's nothing to worry about. 没有什么可以担心的.
3. "neither"仅指"(两者中)没有一个", 本题的"problems"是个复数名词, 没有明显指"two problems".

Question 29

题目

She said she would live in London for another four or five years.

译文

她说她要在伦敦再住4,5年.

题解

1. 解答本题可以参阅第16题的题解. 说"又一","再一"可以用"another + 数词"这个结构, 适合本题, 例如:
   • He renewed the book for another two monther. 这本书他又续借了两个月.

Question 30

题目

Mary and Jones have arrived, but the other students in the class aren't here yet.

译文

Mary和Jones已经到了, 但班上其余的学生还没来.

题解

1. "the other + 复数名词 = the others", 特指"全部其余的人或物". 本题所说的"其余的学生", 显然是特指班上除了Mary和Jones以外的所有学生. 句中有名词"students", 所以应该用"the other", 不能选"the others". 例如:
   • He wants to push himself forward and be different from the others. 他想突出自己的不同,相比于其他人.
   • He is cleverer than all the other students in his class. 他比他班上的其他所有人都聪明.
2. "other + 复数名词 = others", 意为"别的...", 表示泛指, 在本句显然不适合. 例如:
   • How do we know what other people want? 我们怎么知道其他人想要什么?
   • Don't force your opinon upon others. 不要强加你的意见给其他人.

Question 31

题目

He came back from the market with a piece of meat in one hand and some fish in the other.

译文

他从菜场回来, 一只手拿着快肉, 另一只手拿着鱼.

题解

1. "one ... the other ..."描述说话人所提到的两个事物中的"一个...另一个". 一个人有两个手, 本题说"一个手拿着...另一个手拿着...". 适合本题, 例如:
   • I have two pencils. One is red, the other is blue. 我有两支铅笔, 一支是红色, 另一只是蓝色.
   • There are two apple trees in my backyard. One is tall. The other is low. 我院子里面有两颗树, 其中一颗是高的,另一个是矮的.
2. 选项A的"one ... another ..."含义为说话人所提到的事物(通常暗自有多个)中"一个...另一个", 表泛指. 例如:
   • Saying in one thing. Doing is another thing. 说是一回事, 做又是另一回事.
   • There are different ways of changing energy from one form into another. 有多种方式可以将能量从一种形式转变成另一种形式.

Question 32

题目

He refused to accpet any of the three suggestions made by the Student's Union.

译文

他拒绝接受学生会提出的三个建议中的任何一个.

题解

1. 选项B的"refused to accept any of three..."意为"拒绝接受(三个建议中的)任何一个建议...", 指"三个或三个以上"要用"any". 例如:
   • At first he refused to accept any responsibility. 最初他拒不承认有任何责任.
   • If we refuse to accept any tradition only pursuing the pure modern knowledge, we would finally learn nothing and make no progress. 如果我们只是一味地追求现在知识而拒绝任何传统知识, 最终我们会学不到任何东西且取不得任何进步.
2. 选项A"none"是个否定词, "refused to accept none"是个错误的表达.

Question 33

题目

Children need to learn how to get along with other people, how to spend their time wisely, and how to depend on themselves.

译文

孩子们需要学会怎样与别人相处, 怎样好好利用时间, 怎样自立.

题解

1. 选项B的"get along with other people"意为"与别人相处", 泛指所有别的人. 例如:
   • How do you get along with other people? 你和别人相处的任何?
   • The way you look at life will determine how you feel, how you perform, and how well you will get along with other people. 你看待生活的方式将决定你的感受,你的表现,以及你与他人相处得怎样.
2. "the other people"意为"其他人", 指某一特定范围内其他所有人. 本题是泛指别的人, 显然不符合本题要求. 例如:
   • Besides Tom, the other people went to the cinema. 除了汤姆,其他人也都去看电影了.
   • The other people in our class may not trust you in futrue. 我们班上其他的人未来可能再也不会相信你了.
3. "people"是个复数名词, 不能用"another"修饰.

Question 34

题目

The committee members are quarrelling, each accusing the other of being responsible for error.

译文

委员会的成员们争论着, 人人都指责对方应该为这错误承担责任.

题解

1. "accuse sb. of sth" 意为 "因某事指责, 控告某人". 例如:
   • You can accuse him of his bad action. 你可以控告他的这种恶劣行为.
   • Some people accuse them of doing good things only for the positive publicity. 有些人指控他们做好事只是为了获得好名声.
2. "each accusing the other"意为"互相指责对方", 这是一个分词的复合结构作补充说明或伴随;情况, 由"代词 + 现在分词"构成. 适合本题, 例如:
   • Several students came from the distance, each carrying a camera. 远处走来几个学生, 每个人都背着相机.
   • So there is a need to increase the number of drug classes, each working in a different way. 因此, 人类需要增加抗癌药物的种类, 每种作用有所不同.
3. 短语each other常可以在句中形成each ... the other结构. 例如:
   • The closest historical parallel is the competition between New York and Chicago, as each tried to out-build the other. 历史上最近出现类似的情况是纽约和芝加哥之间的竞争, 当时它们都试图在建筑上超越对方.
   • But as soon as they saw each other, an argument arise as both men insisted on being called the greatest artist. Each attacked the other person from different aspects. 谁知两人一见面, 一场争论就产生了, 两个人都坚持自己是最伟大的艺术家, 并且都从不同方面攻击对方.

Question 35

题目

I just need a book to kill time, so any one will do.

译文

我只是需要有本数消磨时间而已, 因此任何一本都行.

题解

1. 选项A的"any one"意为"任何一本书", 适合本题, 例如:
   • She could do as she wished without consulting any one.她可以不同任何人商量, 随心所欲地行事.
   • All trees in any one row are in the soil at the same elevation. 任何一排树都以同样的高度栽于土壤中.
2. 选项B的"anyone"意为"任何人; 无论什么人", 仅用于指人, 显然不适合本题要求. 例如:
   • I swear I'll never tell anyone. 我发誓我不会告诉任何人的.
   • Do you know anyone who speaks Dutch? 你认识会讲荷兰语的人嘛?

Question 36

题目

One whose desires and impulses are not his own has no character.

译文

没有个人渴望和冲动的人是没有个性的人.

题解

1. 本题的主语是"one", 谓语动词是"has". 主语被用关系代词"whose"引导的定语从句修饰. 关系代词"whose"用作定语, 修饰"desires and impulses", 作定语从句的主语, 选项A适合本题. 例如:
   • We sympathized with our classmate whose mother was very ill. 我们十分同情那位母亲得了重病的同学.
   • When a man whose marriage was in trouble sought his advice, the Master said, "You must learn to listen to your wife". 当一个婚姻陷入困境的男人向大师寻求建议时, 大师说:"你必须学会倾听你妻子所说的话."

Question 37

题目

"Jack certainly has a low opinion of Susan." "It can't be any worse than hers of him."

译文

"杰克显然瞧不起苏珊." "她还更瞧不起他呢."

题解

1. "a low opinion of"意为"不赞赏, 瞧不起". 例如:
   • I have a low opinion of that book. 我对这本书的评价很低.
   • Most people have a low opinion of gamblers. 大多数人都瞧不起赌徒.
2. 本题的答句中, "it"指第一句话中提到的"Jack's opinion of Susan".
   • 答语是的"hers"指"Susan's opinion", "him"指"Jack". 因此, 把答语写完答应为"Jack's opinion of Susan (it) can't be any worse than Susan's opinion (hers) of Jack (him)." "比起苏珊对杰克的看法, 杰克对苏珊的看法还没有那么糟糕." 例如:
   • Tomorrow has to be better, because it can't possibly be worse than today. 明天肯定会更好, 因为不可能比今天更糟了. (明天与今天比)
   • It can't be any worse for me than it has been. 对我说来, 不可能有比过去更糟糕的事了.
3. "hers of him"的含义是"her opinion of him", 即"她对他的看法". 因此, 该题的答案为D. 例如:
   • They enjoy her company, as she theirs. 他们喜欢有她的陪伴, 就像她也喜欢他们来陪伴她一样.

Question 38

题目

Here are all the books I have. You many borrow whichever you like.

译文

这儿有我所拥有的全部书. 你可以借阅任何你所喜欢的.

题解

1. 注意"whatever"与"whichever"的区别: "whatever"意为"无论什么", 用于泛指; "whichever"意为"无论哪个", 用于特指. 例如:
   • He can tell you whatever you want to know. 你想知道的他都可以告诉你.
   • Whichever of us gets home first starts cooking. 我们中无论哪个先到家就先开始做饭.
2. 本题说表达的显然是特指从"我拥有的"中借阅任何你喜欢的.

Question 39

题目

The thieves ran away sparately, each carrying a bag.

译文

小偷们各自逃窜, 每人手中拿着一个袋子.

题解

1. "each carrying a bag"是个独立结构. 结构中现在分词"carrying"有自己的逻辑主语"each", 本题的独立结构是由"代词(也常用名词) + 现在分词"构成, 适合本题. 例如:
   • All the villagers will live in one large long house, each having its own section. 所有村民都住在这个长长的大屋子里面, 每个家庭都有自己的一席之地.
   • The day being fine, we decided to go swimming. 由于天气晴朗, 我们决定去游泳.
   • We explore the caves, Peter acting as a guide. 由皮特当向导, 我们探索了那些洞穴.
2. 从语法角色讲, "all carrying a bag"显然是错误的, 逻辑上将应该是每一个人拿着一个袋子. "every"是形容词, 不能做独立结构中的逻辑主语. "either"意为"两个中的任意一个", 显然是错误的.

Question 40

题目

Constructive advice should be sought before any such measure is taken.

译文

在采取任何这类措施之前应该先寻求建设性的意见.

题解

1. 指示代词such可用作前位限定词, 构成 such a/an. 例如:
   • He is such a good player. 他是一个如此出色的运动员.
   • An equally serious problem is how to quickly repair the damage caused by such a leak. 一个同样严重的问题是应该如何很快的修复由于泄露带来的损害.
2. "such"与其他限定词搭配时属于后位限定词, 不接 a/an. 这类词有: any, all, no, some, other, many, few等等. 适合本题, 例如:
   • American officials deny any such apology was given. 美国官员拒绝做出任何此类的道歉.
   • Not all such money is wasted, of course. 当然, 这些钱并发所有的都浪费了.
   • Only after having had some such exposure can a person of American-born Chinese be considered well-educated. 只有当一个在美国出生的华人有了这种经历, 才能称上是有良好的教育.
   • There have been many such traffic accidents in this district. 这个地区有许多这样的交通事故.
   • At the moment in my country there are very few such schools. 目前在我们国家这类学校很少了.