密钥连接ssh、sftp

2022-11-10 161 阅读1分钟

在本地的电脑上生成公钥和密钥

[root@landian ~]# ssh-keygen                             <== 生成密钥对
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): <== 密钥对默认路径，直接Enter即可
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):              <== 输入私钥密码，若直接按回车则不对私钥加密
Enter same passphrase again:                             <== 再次输入私钥密码
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. <== 这是生成好的私钥
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. <== 这是生成好的公钥
The key fingerprint is:
2b:28:25:b6:62:2f:34:ee:f3:3:5e:76:68:37:d9:6e root@landian
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+

进入刚刚生成密钥对的默认路径，然后将生成的公钥安装到操作系统上：

[root@landian ~]# cd /root/.ssh                         <== 进入密钥对所在目录
[root@landian .ssh]# cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys  <== 安装公钥文件至系统

3、键入以下命令对公钥和目录设置权限：

[root@landian .ssh]# chmod 600 authorized_keys          <== 设置600权限
[root@landian .ssh]# chmod 700 ~/.ssh                   <== 将目录设置700权限

下载私钥到本地
命令执行ftp连接

sftp -oIdentityFile=私钥地址 user@ip

命令执行ssh连接

ssh user@ip