SpringMVC学习笔记第8节RESTful及其案例

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8、RESTful案例

8.1、准备工作

和传统 CRUD 一样，实现对员工信息的增删改查。

  • 搭建环境
  • 准备实体类
public class Employee {
    private Integer id;
    private String lastName;
    private String email;
    //1 male, 0 female
    private Integer gender;
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }
    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }
    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }
    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }
    public Integer getGender() {
        return gender;
    }
    public void setGender(Integer gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }
    public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer
            gender) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.lastName = lastName;
        this.email = email;
        this.gender = gender;
    }

}
  • 准备dao模拟数据
@Repository
public class EmployeeDao {

    private static Map<Integer, Employee> employees = null;

    static{
        employees = new HashMap<Integer, Employee>();
        employees.put(1001, new Employee(1001, "E-AA", "aa@163.com", 1));
        employees.put(1002, new Employee(1002, "E-BB", "bb@163.com", 1));
        employees.put(1003, new Employee(1003, "E-CC", "cc@163.com", 0));
        employees.put(1004, new Employee(1004, "E-DD", "dd@163.com", 0));
        employees.put(1005, new Employee(1005, "E-EE", "ee@163.com", 1));
    }

    private static Integer initId = 1006;

    public void save(Employee employee){
        if(employee.getId() == null){
            employee.setId(initId++);
        }
        employees.put(employee.getId(), employee);
    }

    public Collection<Employee> getAll(){
        return employees.values();
    }

    public Employee get(Integer id){
        return employees.get(id);
    }

    public void delete(Integer id){
        employees.remove(id);
    }
}

8.2、功能清单

  • 查询所有的用户信息/user-->get
  • 根据id查询用户信息/user/1-->get
  • 添加用户信息/user-->post
  • 修改用户信息/user-->put
  • 修改用户信息/user-->delete

8.3、具体功能：访问首页

①配置view-controller

<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index"/>

②创建页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>index.html</h1>
<a th:href="@{/user}">查询所有的用户信息</a><br>

8.4、具体功能：查询所有员工数据

①控制器方法

//@RequestMapping(value = "/user" ,method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @GetMapping("/user")
    public String getAllUser(){
        System.out.println("查询所有的用户信息-->/user-->get");
        return "success";
    }

②创建employee_list.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>employee list</title>
</head>
<div id = "app">
<body>
    <table>
        <tr>
            <th colspan="5">employee list</th>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <th>id</th>
            <th>lastName</th>
            <th>email</th>
            <th>gender</th>
            <th>options</th>
            <th>options(<a th:href="@{/to/add}">add</a>)</th>
        </tr>
        <tr th:each="employee : ${allEmployee}">
            <td th:text="${employee.id}"></td>
            <td th:text="${employee.lastName}"></td>
            <td th:text="${employee.email}"></td>
            <td th:text="${employee.gender}"></td>
            <td>
                <!--delete传输方式为RequestMapping.EELETE,所以需要一个表单-->
                <a @click="deleteEmployee" th:href="@{'/employee/'+${employee.id}}">delete</a>
                <a th:href="@{'/employee/'+${employee.id}}">update</a>
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
 </body>
 </div>
 </html>

8.5、具体功能：删除

①创建处理delete请求方式的表单

<!-- 作用：通过超链接控制表单的提交，将post请求转换为delete请求 -->
<form method="post">
	<!-- HiddenHttpMethodFilter要求：必须传输_method请求参数，并且值为最终的请求方式 -->
    <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="delete">
</form>

②删除超链接绑定点击事件 引入vue.js

<script type="text/javascript" th:src="@{/static/js/vue.js}"></script>

删除超链接

<!--delete传输方式为RequestMapping.EELETE,所以需要一个表单-->
                <a @click="deleteEmployee" th:href="@{'/employee/'+${employee.id}}">delete</a>

通过vue处理点击事件

<script type="text/javascript">
    var vue = new Vue({
        el:"#app",
        methods:{
            deleteEmployee(){
                //获取form表单
                var form = document.getElementsByTagName("form")[0];
                //将超链接的href属性赋给form表单的action属性
                //event.target表示当前触发事件的标签
                form.action = event.target.href;
                //表单提交
                form.submit()
                //阻止超链接的默认行为
                event.preventDefault();
            }
        }
    })
</script>

③控制器方法

  @RequestMapping(value = "/employee/{id}",method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
    public String deleteEmployee(@PathVariable("id")Integer id){
        //删除员工信息
        employeeDao.delete(id);
        return "redirect:/employee";
    }

8.6、具体功能：跳转到添加数据页面

①配置view-controller

 <!--配置视图控制器-->
    <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index"></mvc:view-controller>
    <mvc:view-controller path="/to/add" view-name="employee_add"></mvc:view-controller>

②创建employee_add.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>index.html</h1>
<a th:href="@{/user}">查询所有的用户信息</a><br>
<a th:href="@{/user/1}">查询id为1的用户信息</a>
<form th:action="@{/user}" method="post">
    <input type="submit" value="添加用户信息">
</form>
<form th:action="@{/user}" method="post">
    <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put">
    <input type="submit" value="修改用户信息">
</form>
<form th:action="@{/user/5}" method="post">
    <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="delete">
    <input type="submit" value="删除用户信息/user-->delete">
</form>
<hr>
<a th:href="@{/employee}">查询所有的员工信息</a>
</body>
</html>

8.7、具体功能：执行保存

①控制器方法

@RequestMapping(value = "/employee",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String addEmployee(Employee employee){//接受浏览器数据比较多，可以用实体类获取
        //保存员工信息
        employeeDao.save(employee);
        //重定向到列表功能：/employee,相当于地址栏重新输入地址
        return "redirect:/employee";
    }

8.8、具体功能：跳转到更新数据页面

①修改超链接

<a th:href="@{'/employee/'+${employee.id}}">update</a>

②控制器方法

   @RequestMapping(value = "/employee/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String toUpdateEmployee(@PathVariable("id") Integer id,Model model){
        //根据id查询员工信息
        Employee employee = employeeDao.get(id);
        //将员工信息共享到请求域中
        model.addAttribute("employee",employee);
        //跳转到employee_update.html
        return "employee_update";
    }

③创建employee_update.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>employee list</title>
</head>
<body>
<form th:action="@{/employee}" method="post">
    <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put">
    <input type="hidden" name="id" th:value="${employee.id}">
    <table>
        <tr>
            <th colspan="2">add employee</th>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>lastName</td>
            <td>
                <input type="text" name="lastName" th:value="${employee.lastName}">
            </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>email</td>
            <td>
                <input type="text" name="email" th:value="${employee.email}">
            </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>gender</td>
            <td>
                <input type="radio" name="gender" value="1" th:field="${employee.gender}">male
                <input type="radio" name="gender" value="0" th:field="${employee.gender}">female
            </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td colspan="2">
                <input type="submit" value="update">
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

8.9、具体功能：执行更新

①控制器方法

    @RequestMapping(value = "/employee",method = RequestMethod.PUT)
    public String updateEmployee(Employee employee){
        //修改员工信息
        employeeDao.save(employee);
        //重定向到列表功能：/employee
        return "redirect:/employee";
    }
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