Apache网页优化

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Apache 网页与安全优化

在企业中，部署Apache后只采用默认的配置参数，会引发网站很多问题，换言之默认配置是针对以前较低的服务器配置的，以前的配置已经不适用当今互联网时代。为了适应企业需求，就需要考虑如何提升Apache的性能与稳定性，这就是Apache优化的内容。

网页压缩

1.检查是否安装 mod_deflate 模块

apachectl -t -D DUMP_MODULES | grep "deflate"

image.png

2.如果没有安装mod_deflate 模块，重新编译安装 Apache 添加 mod_deflate 模块

systemctl stop httpd.service
cd /usr/local/httpd/conf
mv httpd.conf httpd.conf.bak

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel zlib-devel
cd /opt/httpd-2.4.29/
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/httpd \
--enable-so \
--enable-rewrite \
--enable-charset-lite \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-deflate                                   加入mod_deflate 模块

make -j 2 && make install

image.png

3.配置 mod_deflate 模块启用

vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
--52行--修改
Listen 192.198.100.100:80
--105行--取消注释
LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so        开启mod_deflate 模块
--197行--取消注释，修改
ServerName www.apple.com:80
--末行添加--
<IfModule mod_deflate.c>
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html text/plain text/css text/xml text/javascript text/jpg text/png                                   代表对什么样的内容启用gzip压缩
DeflateCompressionLevel 9                               代表压缩级别，范围为1~9
SetOutputFilter DEFLATE                                 代表启用deflate 模块对本站点的输出进行gzip压缩
</IfModule>

4.检查安装情况，启动服务

apachectl -t                                       验证配置文件的配置是否正确
apachectl -t -D DUMP_MODULES | grep "deflate"      检查 mod_deflate 模块是否已安装
  deflate_module (shared)                          已安装的正确结果

systemctl start httpd.service

5.测试 mod_deflate 压缩是否生效

cd /usr/local/httpd/htdocs
先将game.jpg文件传到/usr/local/httpd/htdocs目录下
vim index.html
<html><body><h1>You are very good at fighting, what is the use of fighting, and you must have a background and power when you come out of the mix.</h1>
<img src="tupian.jpg"/>
</body></html>

网页缓存

1.检查是否安装 mod_expires 模块

apachectl -t -D DUMP_MODULES | grep "expires"

image.png

2.如果没有安装mod_expires 模块，重新编译安装 Apache 添加 mod_expires模块

systemctl stop httpd.service
cd /usr/local/httpd/conf
mv httpd.conf httpd.conf.bak1

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel zlib-devel
cd /opt/httpd-2.4.29/
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/httpd \
--enable-so \
--enable-rewrite \
--enable-charset-lite \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-deflate \
--enable-expires                                   加入mod_expires 模块

make && make install

3.配置 mod_expires 模块启用

vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
--52行--修改
Listen 192.198.80.142:80
--111行--取消注释
LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so                   开启mod_expires 模块
--199行--取消注释，修改
ServerName www.apple.com:80
--末行添加--
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
  ExpiresActive On                                                  打开网页缓存功能
  ExpiresDefault "access plus 60 seconds"                           设置缓存60秒
</IfModule>

4.检查安装情况，启动服务

apachectl -t                                              验证配置文件的配置是否正确
apachectl -t -D DUMP_MODULES | grep "expires"             检查 mod_deflate 模块是否已安装
  deflate_module (shared)                                 已安装的正确结果

systemctl start httpd.service

5.测试缓存是否生效

cat /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/index.html

Apache 防盗链

防盗链是防止别人的网站代码里面盗用我们自己服务器上面的图片、文件、视频等相关资源；如果别人盗用网站的这些静态资源，明显是会增大服务器的带宽压力；作为网站的维护人员，要杜绝服务器的静态资源被其他网站盗用。

1.检查是否安装 mod_rewrite 模块

apachectl -t -D DUMP_MODULES | grep "rewrite"

2.如果没有安装mod_rewrite 模块，重新编译安装 Apache 添加 mod_rewrite模块

systemctl stop httpd.service
cd /usr/local/httpd/conf
mv httpd.conf httpd.conf.bak2

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel zlib-devel
cd /opt/httpd-2.4.29/
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/httpd \
--enable-so \
--enable-rewrite \					#加入mod_rewrite 模块
--enable-charset-lite \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-deflate \
--enable-expires

make && make install

3.配置 mod_rewrite 模块启用

vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
--157行--取消注释
LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
--224行--
<Directory "/usr/local/httpd/htdocs">
  Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
  AllowOverride None
  Require all granted

  RewriteEngine On 													#打开 rewrite 功能，加入 mode_rewrite 模块内容
  RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://apple.com/.*$ [NC]				#设置匹配规则
  RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://apple.com$ [NC]
  RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.apple.com/.*$ [NC]
  RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www.apple.com/$ [NC]
  RewriteRule .*\.(gif|jpg|swf)$ http://www.apple.com/error.png		#设置跳转动作
</Directory>

4.网页准备

cd /usr/local/httpd/htdocs
将game.jpg、error.png文件传到/usr/local/httpd/htdocs目录下
vim index.html
<html><body><h1>You are very good at fighting, what is the use of fighting, and you must have a background and power when you come out of the mix!</h1>
<img src="tupian.jpg"/>
</body></html>

echo "192.168.142.10 www.apple.com" >> /etc/hosts 
echo "192.168.142.20 www.banana.com" >> /etc/hosts

盗链网站主机：

cd /usr/local/httpd/htdocs                   yum安装的httpd服务的默认路径为/var/www/html/
vim index.html
<html><body><h1>this is benet.com!</h1>
<img src="">
</body></html>

echo "192.168.142.10 www.apple.com" >> /etc/hosts 
echo "192.168.142.20 www.banana.com" >> /etc/hosts
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