Outline:
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Consumer Surplus
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Producer Surplus
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Market Efficiency
Consumer Surplus
消费者剩余
Willingness to pay
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Maximum amount that a buyer will pay for a good
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How much that buyer values the good
举个简单的例子:
老张觉得一双耐克最多值50块,超过了50他绝对不会购买
小李觉得一双耐克值得1000块
现在有一双耐克标价500块,那么
小李的消费者剩余就等于1000 - 500 = -500 ,哪怕再涨价500小李依旧会购买,因此掌握消费者剩余是对市场调研有必要的
另外,消费者剩余与需求曲线有很大的关联 |
How Price Affects Consumer Surplus?...
Producer Surplus
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Amount a seller is paid for a good minus the seller's cost of providing it
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Price received minus willingness to sell
生产者曲线和供给曲线息息相关 |
How Price Affects Producer Surplus?...
综上,消费者剩余和生产者剩余都是从对方角度考虑,怎么揣摩对方心理压榨对方的价值,实际体现就是砍价
Market Efficiency
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The benevolent social planner
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All-knowing, all-powerful, well-intentioned dictator
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Wants to maximize the economic well-being of everyone in society
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Economic well-being of a society
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Total surplus
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Sum of consumer and producer surplus
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Market equilibrium
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Efficient allocation of resources
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The benevolent social planner
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"Laissez faire" = " let people do as they will"
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