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引入依赖

 <!-- excel工具 -->
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
     <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
     <version>4.1.2</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
     <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
     <version>4.1.2</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
     <artifactId>poi-scratchpad</artifactId>
     <version>4.1.2</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- 读取大量excel数据时使用 -->
 <dependency>
     <groupId>com.monitorjbl</groupId>
     <artifactId>xlsx-streamer</artifactId>
     <version>2.1.0</version>
 </dependency>

流方式读取数据

import com.monitorjbl.xlsx.StreamingReader;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
 
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.*;
 
 
public class ReadBigExcel {
    public static Map<String, List<String>> test(File file) throws Exception{
        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
        Map<String,List<String>> mapData = new HashMap<String, List<String>>();
        Workbook wk = StreamingReader.builder()
                .rowCacheSize(100)  //缓存到内存中的行数，默认是10
                .bufferSize(4096)  //读取资源时，缓存到内存的字节大小，默认是1024
                .open(in);  //打开资源，必须，可以是InputStream或者是File，注意：只能打开XLSX格式的文件
        int sheetNums = wk.getNumberOfSheets();
        for(int i = 0 ; i < sheetNums;i ++){
            List<String> sheetData = new ArrayList<String>();
            Sheet sheet = wk.getSheetAt(i);
            String sheetName = wk.getSheetName(i);
            //遍历所有的行
            int k = 0;
            for (Row row : sheet) {
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                //遍历所有的列
                for (Cell cell : row) {
                    sb.append(cell.getStringCellValue());
                }
                System.out.println(k++ + "\t" + sb.toString());
            }
 
 
        }
        return mapData;
    }
 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        File file = new File("C:\\Users\\Lenovo\\Desktop\\数据导入模板及填写格式 (2).xlsx");
        long t1 = new Date().getTime();
        test(file);
        long t2 = new Date().getTime();
 
        System.out.println((t2-t1)/1000 + "秒");
 
    }
}