MQTT的Java代码

Java熬夜党
151 阅读3分钟

MQTT(消息队列遥测传输)是ISO 标准(ISO/IEC PRF 20922)下基于发布/订阅]范式的消息协议。它工作在 TCP/IP协议族上，是为硬件性能低下的远程设备以及网络状况糟糕的情况下而设计的发布/订阅型消息协议，为此，它需要一个消息中间件 。

为rabbit开启mqtt

1.在yml文件中添加一个mqtt的端口映射1883:1883

<pre class="prettyprint hljs less" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, &quot;Courier New&quot;, monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">restart: always
container_name: rabbitmq
ports:
  - 5672:5672
  - 15672:15672
  - 1883:1883 #mqtt
volumes:
  - ./data:/var/lib/rabbitmq</pre>

2.进入rabbit的docker容器内部

<pre class="hljs nginx" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, &quot;Courier New&quot;, monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">docker exec -it rabbitmq bash</pre>

3.rabbit内运行

<pre class="hljs bash" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, &quot;Courier New&quot;, monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_mqtt</pre>

4.在网页视图中查看mqtt

使用MQTT软件测试mqtt

1.连接mqtt

2.在MQTT软中添加订阅

在RabbitMQ的队列中查看

3.测试

方法一、在Rabbitmq网页发送消息

方法二、自己给自己发

一、发送消息

  1. 创建springBoot项目，在xml中导入springBoot项目所需要配置以及相关依赖包

        org.springframework.boot
    spring-boot-starter-parent
    2.6.8



    
        org.springframework.boot
        spring-boot-starter-web
    
    
    
        org.springframework.boot
        spring-boot-starter-integration
    
    
        org.springframework.integration
        spring-integration-mqtt
    
    
        org.springframework.integration
        spring-integration-stream
    
    
        org.projectlombok
        lombok

注意寻找依赖包：spring.io->projects->LEARN（右边）->2.6.10 GA Refence Doc.-> Documentation Overview ->7.Messaging-> Spring Integration: Auto-configuration for Spring Integration

  1. 创建配置类（2步骤可忽略，此地只为推导使用，配置类的正确使用方式见步骤6）

    //修正官网后的(这个配置文件还不可以使用，正确的使用方式见在后面--此地是视频课程讲的讲解中推导步骤，可以省略不看)
@Configuration
public class  MqttConfig  { 
    @Bean
    public  MessageChannel  mqttInputChannel()  { 
        return new DirectChannel();
    }

    /**
     * 连接mqtt服务器的工厂
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public  MqttPahoClientFactory  mqttClientFactory()  { 
        DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory factory = new DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory();
        MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
        options.setServerURIs(new String[] {
  "tcp://10.9.48.165:1883" });
        options.setUserName("guest");
        options.setPassword("guest".toCharArray());
        factory.setConnectionOptions(options);
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    public  MessageProducer  inbound(MessageChannel mqttInputChannel,MqttPahoClientFactory mqttClientFactory)  { 
        MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter adapter =
                new MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter("springclient",mqttClientFactory,
                        "zheshisha");
        adapter.setCompletionTimeout(5000);
        adapter.setConverter(new DefaultPahoMessageConverter());
        //设置一次需要应答
        adapter.setQos(1);
        //设置对外的通道
        adapter.setOutputChannel(mqttInputChannel);
        return adapter;
    }
}
    //官方文档
@Bean
public  MessageChannel  mqttInputChannel()  { 
    return new DirectChannel();
}

@Bean
public  MessageProducer  inbound()  { 
    MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter adapter =
            new MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter("tcp://localhost:1883", "testClient",
                                             "topic1", "topic2");
    adapter.setCompletionTimeout(5000);
    adapter.setConverter(new DefaultPahoMessageConverter());
    adapter.setQos(1);
    //问题所在：mqttInputChannel()这个是调用方法，而在这个方法上面加一一个注解@Bean相当于白加~~~
    adapter.setOutputChannel(mqttInputChannel());
    return adapter;
}

  2. 创建接口

    @MessagingGateway(defaultRequestChannel =  "mqttOutboundChannel")
public interface  MyGateway  { 
    void sendToMqtt(String data);
}

  3. 启动类

    @SpringBootApplication
//扫描整合的注解
@IntegrationComponentScan
public class MqttStartApp { 
    public static void main(String[] args) { 
        SpringApplication.run(MqttStartApp.class, args);
    }
}

  4. 编写controller类测试

    @RestController
public class  MqttController  { 

    private MyGateway myGateway;

    @Autowired
    public void setMyGateway(MyGateway myGateway) { 
        this.myGateway = myGateway;
    }

    @PostMapping("/msg")
    public String sendMsg(String msg){ 
        myGateway.sendToMqtt(msg);
        return "success";
    }
}

  5. 修改后的配置类

    @Configuration
public class  MqttConfig  { 

    /**
     * 连接mqtt服务器的工厂
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public  MqttPahoClientFactory  mqttClientFactory()  { 
        DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory factory = new DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory();
        MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
        options.setServerURIs(new String[] {
  "tcp://10.9.48.165:1883" });
        options.setUserName("guest");
        options.setPassword("guest".toCharArray());
        factory.setConnectionOptions(options);
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    public  MessageChannel  mqttOutboundChannel()  { 
        return new DirectChannel();
    }

    @Bean
    @ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "mqttOutboundChannel") //inputChannel的名字必须和上面的MessageChannel的方法名保持一致
    public  MessageHandler  mqttOutbound()  { 
        MqttPahoMessageHandler messageHandler =
                new MqttPahoMessageHandler("testClient", mqttClientFactory());
        messageHandler.setAsync(true);
        messageHandler.setDefaultTopic("zheshisha");
        return messageHandler;
    }

}

二、收消息

在配配置文件中加入

<pre class="prettyprint hljs java" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, &quot;Courier New&quot;, monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">/**
 * 收消息的通道，注意实际开发中和发的可能不在一起
 * @return
 */
@Bean
public  MessageChannel  mqttInputChannel()  { 
    return new DirectChannel();
}

@Bean
public  MessageProducer  inbound()  { 
    MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter adapter =
            new MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter("tcp://10.9.48.165:1883", "testClient",
                    "chixihua");
    adapter.setCompletionTimeout(5000);
    adapter.setConverter(new DefaultPahoMessageConverter());
    adapter.setQos(1);
    adapter.setOutputChannel(mqttInputChannel());
    return adapter;
}

/**
 * 收消息的处理器，用于如何处理消息
 * mqttInputChannel 代表的是收消息的通道对象的id
 * @return
 */
@Bean
@ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "mqttInputChannel")
public  MessageHandler  handler()  { 
    return new MessageHandler() { 

        @Override
        public  void  handleMessage(Message<?> message)  throws  MessagingException  { 
            System.out.println(message.getPayload());
        }

    };
}</pre>

三、SpringBoot整合MQTT

  1. 导入依赖包

    
    org.springframework.boot
    spring-boot-starter-integration


    org.springframework.integration
    spring-integration-mqtt


    org.springframework.integration
    spring-integration-stream

  2. 创建配置类

    @Configuration
public class  MqttConfig  { 

    @Bean
    public  MqttConnectOptions  options(){ 
        MqttConnectOptions mqttConnectOptions=new MqttConnectOptions();
        mqttConnectOptions.setServerURIs(new String[] {
  "tcp://10.9.48.190:1883" });
        mqttConnectOptions.setUserName("dc3");
        mqttConnectOptions.setPassword("dc3".toCharArray());
        return mqttConnectOptions;
    }

    /**
     * 创建连接工厂
     * @param options
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public  MqttPahoClientFactory  mqttPahoClientFactory(MqttConnectOptions options){ 
        DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory defaultMqttPahoClientFactory=new DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory();
        defaultMqttPahoClientFactory.setConnectionOptions(options);
        return defaultMqttPahoClientFactory;
    }

    @Bean
    public  MessageChannel  messageInputChannel(){ 
        return new DirectChannel();
    }

    @Bean
    public  MessageProducer  mqttInbound(MessageChannel messageInputChannel,  MqttPahoClientFactory mqttPahoClientFactory){ 
        MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter adapter =
                new MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter("testClient",mqttPahoClientFactory, "chixihua");
        adapter.setCompletionTimeout(5000);
        adapter.setConverter(new DefaultPahoMessageConverter());
        adapter.setQos(1);
        adapter.setOutputChannel(messageInputChannel);
        return adapter;
    }

}

  3. 配置消息处理的类

    @Configuration
public class  MessageReceiverHandler  { 

    /**
     * 收到设备发送来的上行数据的时候执行，具体怎么做取决于业务，比如这里面可能是设备发来的一些传感器数据，我们需要保存并发送到统计平台
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    @ServiceActivator(inputChannel =  "messageInputChannel")
    public MessageHandler messageHandler(){ 
        return message -> { 
            //获取到消息正文
            Object payload = message.getPayload();
            System.err.println(payload);
            //处理消息
            System.err.println("等下就处理消息");
        };
    }

}

  4. 在启动类添加注解

    @SpringBootApplication
@IntegrationComponentScan
public class MqttStartApp { 
    public static void main(String[] args) { 
        SpringApplication.run(MqttStartApp.class, args);
    }
}
avatar
文章
阅读
粉丝