dubbo+nacos+seata(AT模式)实现分布式事务1. seata-server配置 db.sql 数据库脚本

seata版本：1.4.2
mysql版本：8.0.30

1. seata-server配置

db.sql

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table`
(
    `xid`                       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`            BIGINT,
    `status`                    TINYINT      NOT NULL,
    `application_id`            VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_name`          VARCHAR(128),
    `timeout`                   INT,
    `begin_time`                BIGINT,
    `application_data`          VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`                DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`              DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`xid`),
    KEY `idx_status_gmt_modified` (`status` , `gmt_modified`),
    KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;

-- the table to store BranchSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table`
(
    `branch_id`         BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `xid`               VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`    BIGINT,
    `resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32),
    `resource_id`       VARCHAR(256),
    `branch_type`       VARCHAR(8),
    `status`            TINYINT,
    `client_id`         VARCHAR(64),
    `application_data`  VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`        DATETIME(6),
    `gmt_modified`      DATETIME(6),
    PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`),
    KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;

-- the table to store lock data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table`
(
    `row_key`        VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `xid`            VARCHAR(128),
    `transaction_id` BIGINT,
    `branch_id`      BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `resource_id`    VARCHAR(256),
    `table_name`     VARCHAR(32),
    `pk`             VARCHAR(36),
    `status`         TINYINT      NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '0:locked ,1:rollbacking',
    `gmt_create`     DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`   DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`),
    KEY `idx_status` (`status`),
    KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`),
    KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `distributed_lock`
(
    `lock_key`       CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    `lock_value`     VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    `expire`         BIGINT,
    primary key (`lock_key`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;

INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('AsyncCommitting', ' ', 0);
INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('RetryCommitting', ' ', 0);
INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('RetryRollbacking', ' ', 0);
INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('TxTimeoutCheck', ' ', 0);

在安装目录的conf下. registry.conf 注册中心和配置中心，使用nacos

registry.conf

registry {
  # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
  type = "nacos"

  nacos {
    application = "seata-server"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    namespace = "845359e4-e811-4e1e-bf86-cb948b438c3f"
    cluster = "my-cluster"
    username = "你的账号"
    password = "你的密码"
  }

}

config {
  # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
  type = "nacos"

  nacos {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
    namespace = "845359e4-e811-4e1e-bf86-cb948b438c3f"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    username = "你的账号"
    password = "你的密码"
    dataId = "seataServer.properties"
  }

}

2. seata-client配置

db.sql

业务库需要初始化undo_log表

客户端undo表

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `undo_log`
(
    `branch_id`     BIGINT       NOT NULL COMMENT 'branch transaction id',
    `xid`           VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'global transaction id',
    `context`       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'undo_log context,such as serialization',
    `rollback_info` LONGBLOB     NOT NULL COMMENT 'rollback info',
    `log_status`    INT(11)      NOT NULL COMMENT '0:normal status,1:defense status',
    `log_created`   DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'create datetime',
    `log_modified`  DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'modify datetime',
    UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`, `branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  AUTO_INCREMENT = 1
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4 COMMENT ='AT transaction mode undo table';

pom.xml(仅贴出关键部分)

需要注意的是服务端的seata-server版本最好和客户端的seata-all版本一致（我这都是使用1.4.2），否则可能会出现未知的错误

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo-registry-nacos</artifactId>
    <version>2.7.4.1</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>2.7.4.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
    <version>2.7.4.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId>
    <artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.4</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
    <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.2</version>
</dependency>


<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>2.6.3</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.10.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>3.4.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>8.0.27</version>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    <version>2.6.3</version>
</dependency>

配置数据库代理和全局事务扫描

seata要求使用数据库代理

事务扫描构造器的第二个参数是事务组my_test_tx_group

package com.mxh.dubbo.nacos.c.config;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.spring.MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean;
import io.seata.rm.datasource.DataSourceProxy;
import io.seata.spring.annotation.GlobalTransactionScanner;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.transaction.jdbc.JdbcTransactionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;

@Configuration
public class Config {

    /**
     * autowired datasource config
     */
    @Autowired
    private DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties;

    /**
     * init durid datasource
     *
     * @Return: druidDataSource  datasource instance
     */
    @Bean
    @Primary
    public DruidDataSource druidDataSource() {
        DruidDataSource druidDataSource = new DruidDataSource();
        druidDataSource.setUrl(dataSourceProperties.getUrl());
        druidDataSource.setUsername(dataSourceProperties.getUsername());
        druidDataSource.setPassword(dataSourceProperties.getPassword());
        druidDataSource.setDriverClassName(dataSourceProperties.getDriverClassName());
        druidDataSource.setInitialSize(0);
        druidDataSource.setMaxActive(180);
        druidDataSource.setMaxWait(60000);
        druidDataSource.setMinIdle(0);
        druidDataSource.setValidationQuery("Select 1 from DUAL");
        druidDataSource.setTestOnBorrow(false);
        druidDataSource.setTestOnReturn(false);
        druidDataSource.setTestWhileIdle(true);
        druidDataSource.setTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis(60000);
        druidDataSource.setMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis(25200000);
        druidDataSource.setRemoveAbandoned(true);
        druidDataSource.setRemoveAbandonedTimeout(1800);
        druidDataSource.setLogAbandoned(true);
        return druidDataSource;
    }

    /**
     * init datasource proxy
     *
     * @Param: druidDataSource  datasource bean instance
     * @Return: DataSourceProxy  datasource proxy
     */
    @Bean
    public DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy(DruidDataSource druidDataSource) {

        return new DataSourceProxy(druidDataSource);
    }

    /**
     * init mybatis sqlSessionFactory
     *
     * @Param: dataSourceProxy  datasource proxy
     * @Return: DataSourceProxy  datasource proxy
     */
    @Bean
    public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory(DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy) throws Exception {
        MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean factoryBean = new MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean();
        factoryBean.setDataSource(dataSourceProxy);
        factoryBean.setMapperLocations(
                new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath*:mapper/*.xml"));
        factoryBean.setTransactionFactory(new JdbcTransactionFactory());
        return factoryBean.getObject();
    }

    /**
     * init global transaction scanner
     *
     * @Return: GlobalTransactionScanner
     */
    @Bean
    public GlobalTransactionScanner globalTransactionScanner() {
        return new GlobalTransactionScanner("demo-consumer", "my_test_tx_group");
    }

}

application.yml

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://ip:端口/test_db_02?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    username: 账号
    password: 密码
server:
  port: 9997

dubbo.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <context:property-placeholder/>

    <dubbo:application name="demo-consumer"/>

    <dubbo:protocol port="20883"/>

    <dubbo:registry address="nacos://nacosIp:8848?namespace=845359e4-e811-4e1e-bf86-cb948b438c3f"/>


    <dubbo:reference interface="com.mxh.dubbo.nacos.p.api.UserProviderService" id="userProviderService" version="1.0.0" check="false"></dubbo:reference>
<!--    <dubbo:service interface="com.mxh.dubbo.nacos.p.api.UserProviderService"-->
<!--                   ref="userProviderService"-->
<!--                   timeout="10000" connections="100"-->
<!--                   validation="false" version="1.0.0"/>-->

</beans>

registry.conf

配置相应的ip端口，账号密码，命名空间，组等

registry {
  # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
  type = "nacos"

  nacos {
    application = "seata-server"
    serverAddr = "ip:port"
    namespace = "845359e4-e811-4e1e-bf86-cb948b438c3f"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    username = "账号"
    password = "密码"
  }

}

config {
  # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3、springCloudConfig
  type = "nacos"

  nacos {
    serverAddr = "ip:port"
    namespace = "845359e4-e811-4e1e-bf86-cb948b438c3f"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    username = "账号"
    password = "密码"
  }

}

3. nacos配置

网上很多文章都没有nacos的配置，导致踩了好多坑

service.vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group 需要一个这样的data id他的值是服务端nacos集群名字，也就是第一步的 registry.conf的registry.nacos.cluster=my-cluster

seataServer.properties是seata-server的相关配置，主要是事务存储日志的配置，如果没有，默认是存储到文件，一般配置为db

transport.type=TCP
transport.server=NIO
transport.serialization=seata
transport.compressor=none
transport.heartbeat=true
transport.shutdown.wait=3
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadPrefix=NettyBoss
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadPrefix=NettyServerNIOWorker
transport.threadFactory.serverExecutorThreadPrefix=NettyServerBizHandler
transport.threadFactory.shareBossWorker=false
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadPrefix=NettyClientSelector
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.clientWorkerThreadPrefix=NettyClientWorkerThread
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadSize=default
server.undo.logSaveDays=7
server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000
server.recovery.committingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.asynCommittingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.rollbackingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.timeoutRetryPeriod=1000
server.maxCommitRetryTimeout=-1
server.maxRollbackRetryTimeout=-1
server.rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable=false
store.mode=db
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://IP:PORT/seata?useUnicode=true&rewriteBatchedStatements=true
store.db.user=root
store.db.password=123456
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
store.db.maxWait=5000

4. 一些常见的问题

RM注册失败

2022-08-01 22:25:58.139 ERROR 19252 --- [           main] i.s.c.r.netty.NettyClientChannelManager  : 0304 register RM failed.

io.seata.common.exception.FrameworkException: can not connect to services-server.
	at io.seata.core.rpc.netty.NettyClientBootstrap.getNewChannel(NettyClientBootstrap.java:182) ~[seata-all-1.4.2.jar:1.4.2]
	at io.seata.core.rpc.netty.NettyPoolableFactory.makeObject(NettyPoolableFactory.java:58) ~[seata-all-1.4.2.jar:1.4.2]
	at io.seata.core.rpc.netty.NettyPoolableFactory.makeObject(NettyPoolableFactory.java:34) ~[seata-all-1.4.2.jar:1.4.2]
	at org.apache.commons.pool.impl.GenericKeyedObjectPool.borrowObject(GenericKeyedObjectPool.java:1220) ~[commons-pool-1.6.jar:1.6]

原因：seata-server启动的时候没有指定外网ip（或者说没有指定一个能ping通的ip，同时也可能防火墙未开放端口。）

解决方法：在启动的时候指定一个能访问的ip和端口（你也可以使用代理ip）

root@maoxh-pc:/data/seata-server-1.4.2/bin# nohup ./seata-server.sh -p 8091 -h 公网ip > seata.log 2>&1 &

事务组配置错误

no available service found in cluster '***', please make sure registry config correct and keep your seata server running

没有配置对应的事务组

can not get cluster name in registry config 'service.vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group', please make sure registry config correct

2 和 3都是一个原因造成的，在nacos中需要配置对应的data id = service.vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group，且你的值是nacos集群名称