VirtualBox虚拟机的linux系统磁盘满了，可行的扩容操作。
查了很多资料，方法很多钟，只有fdisk是可行的，所以记录下来。如：gparted磁盘管理的UI操作（我是纯CLI界面）、xfs_growfs(这个试了不行啊，也不知道为啥)、fdisk(成功的是这个)
系统环境
chunpat@hostname:~$ uname -a
Linux hostname.newdomain.local 5.4.0-99-generic #112-Ubuntu SMP Thu Feb 3 13:50:55 UTC 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
磁盘格式是ext4
虚拟机分配磁盘
这个没啥难度，关机状态下，找到对应的vdi文件，然后执行下面扩容,扩容到20G（这里只是增加，实际使用还要挂载）。
VBoxManage.exe modifyhd "D:\ubuntu18.vdi" --resize 20000
扩容操作
需要注意，这里有抹掉已存在的磁盘操作，要小心
//查看磁盘，ext4格式
chunpat@hostname:~$ sudo df -hT
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev devtmpfs 445M 0 445M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 98M 1.1M 97M 2% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv ext4 8.8G 8.8G 0 100% /
tmpfs tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop0 squashfs 33M 33M 0 100% /snap/snapd/12704
/dev/loop1 squashfs 56M 56M 0 100% /snap/core18/2128
/dev/loop2 squashfs 71M 71M 0 100% /snap/lxd/21029
/dev/sda2 ext4 976M 108M 801M 12% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/1000
//查看磁盘情况，看到磁盘名字叫/dev/sda
chunpat@chunpatserver:~$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/loop0: 32.3 MiB, 33865728 bytes, 66144 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop1: 70.32 MiB, 73728000 bytes, 144000 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop2: 55.45 MiB, 58130432 bytes, 113536 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sda: 19.54 GiB, 20971520000 bytes, 40960000 sectors
Disk model: VBOX HARDDISK
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 3EF29170-AB9B-4BFD-B16B-F89AAA9FE6E8
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2 4096 2101247 2097152 1G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3 2101248 20969471 18868224 9G Linux filesystem
//对/dev/sda操作，通过引导
chunpat@chunpatserver:~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.34).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): m
Help:
GPT
M enter protective/hybrid MBR
Generic
d delete a partition
F list free unpartitioned space
l list known partition types
n add a new partition
p print the partition table
t change a partition type
v verify the partition table
i print information about a partition
Misc
m print this menu
x extra functionality (experts only)
Script
I load disk layout from sfdisk script file
O dump disk layout to sfdisk script file
Save & Exit
w write table to disk and exit
q quit without saving changes
Create a new label
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table
o create a new empty DOS partition table
s create a new empty Sun partition table
// 打印分区表情况
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 19.54 GiB, 20971520000 bytes, 40960000 sectors
Disk model: VBOX HARDDISK
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 3EF29170-AB9B-4BFD-B16B-F89AAA9FE6E8
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2 4096 2101247 2097152 1G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3 2101248 20969471 18868224 9G Linux filesystem
//删分区，重新划分，执行后不要保存，危险操作
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4, default 4): 3
Partition 3 has been deleted.
//分区
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (3-128, default 3): 3
//将所有的空间都扩容到/dev/sda
First sector (2101248-40959966, default 2101248):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2101248-40959966, default 40959966):
Created a new partition 3 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 18.5 GiB.
Partition #3 contains a LVM2_member signature.
// 因为原来的/dev/sda3有数据，所有有个签名，输入N
Do you want to remove the signature? [Y]es/[N]o: N
//保存
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.
//再次查看分区情况，/dev/sda3已经20G了，但是还不行/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv这个系统还没20G
chunpat@hostname:~$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 19.54 GiB, 20971520000 bytes, 40960000 sectors
Disk model: VBOX HARDDISK
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 3EF29170-AB9B-4BFD-B16B-F89AAA9FE6E8
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2 4096 2101247 2097152 1G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3 2101248 40959966 38858719 18.5G Linux filesystem
chunpat@hostname:~$ sudo pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda3 ubuntu-vg lvm2 a-- <9.00g 0
chunpat@hostname:~$ sudo pvresize /dev/sda3
Physical volume "/dev/sda3" changed
1 physical volume(s) resized or updated / 0 physical volume(s) not resized
chunpat@hostname:~$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 445M 0 445M 0% /dev
tmpfs 98M 1.1M 97M 2% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 8.8G 8.8G 0 100% /
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop0 33M 33M 0 100% /snap/snapd/12704
/dev/loop1 56M 56M 0 100% /snap/core18/2128
/dev/loop2 71M 71M 0 100% /snap/lxd/21029
/dev/sda2 976M 108M 801M 12% /boot
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/1000
//执行这个
chunpat@hostname:~$ sudo lvextend -r -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv
Size of logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv changed from <9.00 GiB (2303 extents) to <18.53 GiB (4743 extents).
Logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv successfully resized.
resize2fs 1.45.5 (07-Jan-2020)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 3
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv is now 4856832 (4k) blocks long.
//查看效果，成功了!!!
chunpat@hostname:~$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 445M 0 445M 0% /dev
tmpfs 98M 1.1M 97M 2% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 19G 8.8G 8.6G 51% /
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop0 33M 33M 0 100% /snap/snapd/12704
/dev/loop1 56M 56M 0 100% /snap/core18/2128
/dev/loop2 71M 71M 0 100% /snap/lxd/21029
/dev/sda2 976M 108M 801M 12% /boot
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/1000
