在Vue3.0中变量必须return 出来,template中才能使用;而在Vue3.2中只需要在 script 标签上加上 setup 属性,无需 return ,template 便可以直接使用
1、如果使用setup语法糖
代码如下(示例):
<template><template/>
<script setup></script>
<style scoped lang="less"></style>
2、data数据的使用
由于 setup 不需要 return,所以直接声明数据即可 代码如下(示例):
<template></template>
<script setup>
import { ref, reactive, toRefs } from 'vue'
const data = reactive({
debuVisible: false,
name: '小明',
age: 22
})
const content = ref('content')
const { debuVisible, name, age } = toRefs(data)
</script>
3、method方法的使用
代码如下(示例):
<template>
<button @click="onClickHelp">帮助</button>
</template>
<script setup>
import {reactive} from 'vue'
const data = reactive({
aboutExeVisible: false,
})
const onClickHelp = () => {
console.log('帮助')
data.aboutExeVisible = true
}
</script>
4、watchEffect的使用
代码如下(示例):
<template></template>
<script setup>
import { ref, watchEffect } from 'vue'
let sum = ref(0)
watchEffect(()=>{
const x1 = sum.value
console.log('watchEffect所指定的回调执行了')
})
</script>
5、watch的使用
代码如下(示例):
<template></template>
<script setup>
import { reactive, watch } from 'vue'
let sum = ref(0)
let msg = ref('hello')
let person = reactive({
name: '小明',
age: 15,
job: {
j1: {
salary:20
}
}
})
//两种监听格式
watch([sum,msg],(newValue,oldValue) => {
console.log('sum或msg变了',newValue,oldValue)
},{immediate: true})
watch(() => person.job,(newValue,oldValue) => {
console.log('person的job变化了',newValue,oldValue)
},{deep: true})
</script>
6、computed计算属性的使用
computed计算属性有两种写法,代码如下(示例):
<template><template>
<script setup>
import { reactive, computed } from 'vue'
let data = reactive({
firstName: '鲨鱼',
lastName: '辣椒',
})
//计算属性简写
const fullName = computed(() => {
return data.firsName + '-' + data.lastName
})
//完整写法
const fullName = computed({
get() {
return data.firstName + '-' + data.lastName
}
set(value) {
const nameArr = value.split('-')
data.firstName = nameArr[0]
data.lastName = nameArr[1]
}
})
</script>
7、props父子传值的使用
子组件代码如下(示例):
<template>
<div>{{props.name}}</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { defineProps } from 'vue'
const props = defineProps({
name: {
type: String,
default: '11'
}
})
//或者
//const props = defineProps(['name'])
</script>
-----------------------------------------------
父组件代码如下(示例):
<template>
<Child :name='name'/>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
import Child from './Child.vue'
let name = ref('鲨鱼辣椒')
</script>
8、emit子传父值的使用
子组件代码如下(示例):
<template>
<button @click="isOK"></button>
</template>
<script setup>
import { defineEmits } from 'vue';
//emit
const emit = defineEmits(['setResult'])
const isOk = () => {
emit('setResult');
}
</script>
--------------------------------------------
父组件代码如下(示例):
<template>
<Child @setResult="setResult">
</template>
<script setup>
import Child from './Child'
import { reactive } from 'vue'
const data = reactive({
aboutVisible: false,
})
const setResult = () => {
data.aboutVisible = true
}
</script>
9、获取子组件ref变量和defineExpose暴露
vue2中的获取子组件的ref, 直接在父组件中控制子组件方法和变量的方法
子组件代码如下(示例):
<template>
<div>{{data}}</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { reactive, toRefs } from 'vue'
const data = reactive({
modelVisible: false,
historyVisible: false,
reportVisible: false,
})
defineExpose({
...toRefs(data)
})
</script>
-----------------------------------------------
父组件代码如下(示例):
<template>
<button @click="onClickSetup">点击</button>
<Child ref="content">
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
const content = ref('content')
const onClickSetUp = () => {
content.value.modelVisible = true
}
</script>
10、路由useRoute和useRouter的使用
代码如下(示例):
<template></template>
<script setup>
import { useRoute, useRouter } from 'vue-router'
//声明
const route = useRoute()
const router = useRouter()
//获取query
console.log(route.query)
//获取params
console.log(route.params)
//路由跳转
router.push({
path: '/index'
})
</script>
11、store仓库的使用
代码如下(示例):
<template></template>
<script setup>
import { useStore } from 'vuex'
import { num } from '../store/index'
const store = useStore(num)
//获取Vuex的state
console.log(stote.state.number)
//获取Vuex的getters
console.log(stote.state.getNumber)
//提交mutations
store.commit('fnName')
//分发actions的方法
store.dispatch('fnName')
</script>
12、await的支持
setup 语法糖中可以直接使用 await,不需要写 async,setup会自动变成 async setup 代码如下(示例):
<template></tamplate>
<script setup>
import api from '../api/Api'
const data = await Api.getData()
console.log(data)
</script>
13、provide 和inject祖孙传值
父组件代码如下(示例):
<template>
<Save />
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref,provide } from 'vue'
import Save from '@components/Save'
let name = ref('Jerry')
//使用provide
provide('provideState', {
name,
changeName: () => {
name.value = '鲨鱼辣椒'
}
})
</script>
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子组件代码如下(示例):
<template></template>
<script setup>
import { inject } from 'vue'
const provideState = inject('provideState')
provideState.changeName()
</script>