Docker安装Nginx

背景

- os: MacOS 12.3
- 芯片：M1

准备

1. Docker

安装

1. 拉取镜像（根据自己需要安装合适的版本）

docker pull nginx:1.23.0

1. 配置文件准备

   1. 创建临时容器

      docker run -d --name nginx-temp nginx:1.23.0
      

   2. 在主机中创建挂载目录

      # 目录创建
      mkdir -p ~/dev/docker/nginx/conf
      mkdir -p ~/dev/docker/nginx/logs
      mkdir -p ~/dev/docker/nginx/html
      
      # 权限调整
      chomd 777 ~/dev/docker/nginx
      

   3. 拷贝Nginx配置文件至挂载目录（因为后续创建挂载目录的容器时不会生成配置文件）

      docker cp nginx-temp:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf ~/dev/docker/nginx
      docker cp nginx-temp:/etc/nginx/conf.d ~/dev/docker/nginx
      

   • 默认配置文件内容（nginx.conf）

     #user  nobody;
     worker_processes  1;
     
     #error_log  logs/error.log;
     #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
     #error_log  logs/error.log  info;
     
     #pid        logs/nginx.pid;
     
     
     events {
         worker_connections  1024;
     }
     
     
     http {
         include       mime.types;
         default_type  application/octet-stream;
     
         #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
         #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
         #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
     
         #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
     
         sendfile        on;
         #tcp_nopush     on;
     
         #keepalive_timeout  0;
         keepalive_timeout  65;
     
         #gzip  on;
     
         server {
             listen       80;
             server_name  localhost;
     
             #charset koi8-r;
     
             #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
     
             location / {
                 root   html;
                 index  index.html index.htm;
             }
     
             #error_page  404              /404.html;
     
             # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
             #
             error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
             location = /50x.html {
                 root   html;
             }
     
             # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
             #
             #location ~ .php$ {
             #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
             #}
     
             # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
             #
             #location ~ .php$ {
             #    root           html;
             #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
             #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
             #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
             #    include        fastcgi_params;
             #}
     
             # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
             # concurs with nginx's one
             #
             #location ~ /.ht {
             #    deny  all;
             #}
         }
     
     
         # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
         #
         #server {
         #    listen       8000;
         #    listen       somename:8080;
         #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
     
         #    location / {
         #        root   html;
         #        index  index.html index.htm;
         #    }
         #}
     
     
         # HTTPS server
         #
         #server {
         #    listen       443 ssl;
         #    server_name  localhost;
     
         #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
         #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
     
         #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
         #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
     
         #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
         #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
     
         #    location / {
         #        root   html;
         #        index  index.html index.htm;
         #    }
         #}
     }
     

   3. 停止并删除临时容器

      docker container stop nginx-temp
      docker container rm nginx-temp
      

2. 部署容器

   docker run -d -p 80:80 \
    --name nginx \
    -v ~/dev/docker/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html \
    -v ~/dev/docker/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
    -v ~/dev/docker/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d \
    -v ~/dev/docker/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx \
    nginx:1.23.0
   

Nginx 常用命令

nginx                   # 启动
nginx -s reload         # 重新加载配置
nginx -s reopen         # 重启
nginx -s stop           # 停止  快速停止和关闭Nginx
nginx -s quit           # 退出  正常停止或关闭Nginx
nginx -v                # 查看版本
nginx -V                # 查看版本，以及配置文件地址
nginx -c filename       # 指定配置文件
nginx -h                # 帮助