SpringBoot - 自动装配机制

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首先你个老六,自动装配是自动装配,@Import是@Import,要分的清呀。

整个夏天融化了整个季节

@Import:Spring容器启动,invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()获取ConfigurationClassPostProcessor(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor)并执行postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry()方法解析【配置类】。

自动装配:利用@Import加载spring.factories配置的org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration自动装配类。

@Import 解析一切配置类,自动装配只是@Import解析的一切配置类中的一个而已(EnableAutoConfiguration)。

自动装配

SpringBoot自动装配实际上就是为了从spring.factories文件中获取到对应的需要进行自动装配的类,并生成相应的Bean对象,然后将它们交给spring容器来帮我们进行管理

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
    <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
package center.leon.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringbootApplication.class, args);
    }

}

@SpringBootApplication注解

@SpringBootApplication:标记说明这个类是springboot的主配置类

@SpringBootApplication的三个子注解

@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan

@SpringBootConfiguration

标志当前这个类是一个配置类

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Configuration
public @interface SpringBootConfiguration {
}
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Component
public @interface Configuration {
}

@EnableAutoConfiguration

开启自动配置

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
}

@AutoConfigurationPackage

将主配置类(@SpringBootApplication标注的类)所在包以及子包里面的所有组件扫描并加载到spring的容器中

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@Import(AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class)
public @interface AutoConfigurationPackage {

}

@Import

将需要自动装配的类以类的全限定名的方式返回。

ImportSelector 接口定义String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata)方法,返回要自动装配的类的全限定名。

public interface ImportSelector {

   /**
    * Select and return the names of which class(es) should be imported based on
    * the {@link AnnotationMetadata} of the importing @{@link Configuration} class.
    */
   String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata);

}
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Import {
}

AutoConfigurationImportSelector 实现 ImportSelector 接口,执行真正的获取需要自动装配的类的全限定名。

/**
 * {@link DeferredImportSelector} to handle {@link EnableAutoConfiguration
 * auto-configuration}. This class can also be subclassed if a custom variant of
 * {@link EnableAutoConfiguration @EnableAutoConfiguration} is needed.
 *
 * @author Phillip Webb
 * @author Andy Wilkinson
 * @author Stephane Nicoll
 * @author Madhura Bhave
 * @since 1.3.0
 * @see EnableAutoConfiguration
 */
public class AutoConfigurationImportSelector implements DeferredImportSelector, BeanClassLoaderAware,
		ResourceLoaderAware, BeanFactoryAware, EnvironmentAware, Ordered {

	/**
	 * 返回需要自动装配的类的全限定名
	 * 
	 */
	@Override
	public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
		if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
			return NO_IMPORTS;
		}
		AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader
				.loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader);
		// 
		AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = getAutoConfigurationEntry(autoConfigurationMetadata,
				annotationMetadata);
		return StringUtils.toStringArray(autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations());
	}

	/**
	 * Return the {@link AutoConfigurationEntry} based on the {@link AnnotationMetadata}
	 * of the importing {@link Configuration @Configuration} class.
	 * @param autoConfigurationMetadata the auto-configuration metadata
	 * @param annotationMetadata the annotation metadata of the configuration class
	 * @return the auto-configurations that should be imported
	 */
	protected AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata,
			AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
		if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
			return EMPTY_ENTRY;
		}
		AnnotationAttributes attributes = getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
		// 获取所有候选配置类
		List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
		configurations = removeDuplicates(configurations);
		// 容器不需要加载的配置类
		Set<String> exclusions = getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
		checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
		// 剔除不需要加载的配置类
		configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
		configurations = filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
		fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
		return new AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);
	}


	/**
	 * Return the auto-configuration class names that should be considered. By default
	 * this method will load candidates using {@link SpringFactoriesLoader} with
	 * {@link #getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass()}.
	 * @param metadata the source metadata
	 * @param attributes the {@link #getAttributes(AnnotationMetadata) annotation
	 * attributes}
	 * @return a list of candidate configurations
	 */
	protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
		// 从spring.factories文件中加载EnableAutoConfiguration对应的配置项。
		List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(),
				getBeanClassLoader());
		Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you "
				+ "are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
		return configurations;
	}

	/**
	 * Return the class used by {@link SpringFactoriesLoader} to load configuration
	 * candidates.
	 * @return the factory class
	 */
	protected Class<?> getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass() {
		return EnableAutoConfiguration.class;
	}


	protected static class AutoConfigurationEntry {

		private final List<String> configurations;

		private final Set<String> exclusions;

		private AutoConfigurationEntry() {
			this.configurations = Collections.emptyList();
			this.exclusions = Collections.emptySet();
		}

		/**
		 * Create an entry with the configurations that were contributed and their
		 * exclusions.
		 * @param configurations the configurations that should be imported
		 * @param exclusions the exclusions that were applied to the original list
		 */
		AutoConfigurationEntry(Collection<String> configurations, Collection<String> exclusions) {
			this.configurations = new ArrayList<>(configurations);
			this.exclusions = new HashSet<>(exclusions);
		}

		public List<String> getConfigurations() {
			return this.configurations;
		}

		public Set<String> getExclusions() {
			return this.exclusions;
		}

	}

}

@ComponentScan

扫描当前包及子包

ConfigurationClassPostProcessor & BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor & BeanFactoryPostProcessor

SpringApplication.run() -> 
prepareContext() -> 
load() -> 
BeanDefinitionLoader loader = createBeanDefinitionLoader(getBeanDefinitionRegistry(context), sources) -> 
new BeanDefinitionLoader(registry, sources) -> 
this.annotatedReader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(registry) -> 
AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(this.registry) -> 
registerAnnotationConfigProcessors -> 
CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME = "org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor" ->
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.class) ->
registerPostProcessor() -> 
registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definition)【internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor : ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.class BeanDifinition】

BeanFactoryPostProcessor

void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException;

BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor

void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeansException;

invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext#refresh#)

执行BeanFactoryPostProcessor后置处理器的postProcessBeanFactory()增强方法,使用三个不同的集合分别存放实现了PriorityOrdered接口、实现了Ordered接口、普通的BeanFactoryPostProcessor,经过排序后,执行BeanFactoryProstProcessor的回调postProcessBeanFactory();

// AbstractApplicationContext.java

protected void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {

   // 获取BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口的实现类集合,执行postProcessBeanFactory();
   PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory, getBeanFactoryPostProcessors());

   // Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found in the meantime
   // (e.g. through an @Bean method registered by ConfigurationClassPostProcessor)
   if (beanFactory.getTempClassLoader() == null && beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
      beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
      beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
   }
}
// PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java

// 获取BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口的实现类集合,执行postProcessBeanFactory();

public static void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(
      ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> beanFactoryPostProcessors) {

   // Invoke BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors first, if any.
   Set<String> processedBeans = new HashSet<>();

   if (beanFactory instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistry) {
      BeanDefinitionRegistry registry = (BeanDefinitionRegistry) beanFactory;
      List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> regularPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
      List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> registryProcessors = new ArrayList<>();

      for (BeanFactoryPostProcessor postProcessor : beanFactoryPostProcessors) {
         if (postProcessor instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) {
            BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor registryProcessor =
                  (BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) postProcessor;
            registryProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry);
            // 收集BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor的子类
            registryProcessors.add(registryProcessor);
         }
         else {
            regularPostProcessors.add(postProcessor);
         }
      }

      // Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
      // uninitialized to let the bean factory post-processors apply to them!
      // Separate between BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement
      // PriorityOrdered, Ordered, and the rest.
      List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> currentRegistryProcessors = new ArrayList<>();

      // First, invoke the BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered.
      String[] postProcessorNames =
            beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
      for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
         if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
            
            // 收集BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor的实例(PriorityOrdered)
            currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
            processedBeans.add(ppName);
         }
      }
      sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
      registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);

      // 回调BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor#postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry()
      invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
      currentRegistryProcessors.clear();

      // Next, invoke the BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement Ordered.
      postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
      for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
         if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName) && beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {

            // 收集BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor的实例(Ordered)
            currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
            processedBeans.add(ppName);
         }
      }
      sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
      registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
      invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
      currentRegistryProcessors.clear();

      // Finally, invoke all other BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors until no further ones appear.
      boolean reiterate = true;
      while (reiterate) {
         reiterate = false;
         postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
         for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
            if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
               // 收集BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor的实例(普普通通的)
               currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
               processedBeans.add(ppName);
               reiterate = true;
            }
         }
         sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
         registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
         invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
         currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
      }


      // 现在,回调所有的processor的BeanFactoryPostProcessor#postProcessBeanFactory()方法
      // Now, invoke the postProcessBeanFactory callback of all processors handled so far.
      // BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor实现类
      invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(registryProcessors, beanFactory);
      // 普普通通的BeanFactoryPostProcessor实现类
      invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(regularPostProcessors, beanFactory);
   }

   else {
      // Invoke factory processors registered with the context instance.
      invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactoryPostProcessors, beanFactory);
   }

   // Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
   // uninitialized to let the bean factory post-processors apply to them!
   String[] postProcessorNames =
         beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class, true, false);

   // Separate between BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered,
   // Ordered, and the rest.
   List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
   List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
   List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
   for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
      if (processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
         // skip - already processed in first phase above
      }
      else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
         priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
      }
      else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
         orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
      }
      else {
         nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
      }
   }

   // First, invoke the BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered.
   sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
   invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);

   // Next, invoke the BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement Ordered.
   List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(orderedPostProcessorNames.size());
   for (String postProcessorName : orderedPostProcessorNames) {
      orderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
   }
   sortPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
   invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);

   // Finally, invoke all other BeanFactoryPostProcessors.
   List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.size());
   for (String postProcessorName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) {
      nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
   }
   invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(nonOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);

   // Clear cached merged bean definitions since the post-processors might have
   // modified the original metadata, e.g. replacing placeholders in values...
   beanFactory.clearMetadataCache();
}
// PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate#invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors

private static void invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(
      Collection<? extends BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> postProcessors, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {

   for (BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor postProcessor : postProcessors) {
      postProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry);
   }
}

ConfigurationClassProcessor

// ConfigurationClassProcessor#postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry

@Override
public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
   int registryId = System.identityHashCode(registry);
   if (this.registriesPostProcessed.contains(registryId)) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(
            "postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry already called on this post-processor against " + registry);
   }
   if (this.factoriesPostProcessed.contains(registryId)) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(
            "postProcessBeanFactory already called on this post-processor against " + registry);
   }
   this.registriesPostProcessed.add(registryId);

   processConfigBeanDefinitions(registry);
}
// ConfigurationClassProcessor#processConfigBeanDefinitions

public void processConfigBeanDefinitions(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
   List<BeanDefinitionHolder> configCandidates = new ArrayList<>();
   String[] candidateNames = registry.getBeanDefinitionNames();

   for (String beanName : candidateNames) {
      BeanDefinition beanDef = registry.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
      if (beanDef.getAttribute(ConfigurationClassUtils.CONFIGURATION_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
         if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("Bean definition has already been processed as a configuration class: " + beanDef);
         }
      }
      else if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(beanDef, this.metadataReaderFactory)) { // 检测是不是@Configuration类
         configCandidates.add(new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDef, beanName));
      }
   }

   // Return immediately if no @Configuration classes were found
   if (configCandidates.isEmpty()) {
      return;
   }

   // Sort by previously determined @Order value, if applicable
   configCandidates.sort((bd1, bd2) -> {
      int i1 = ConfigurationClassUtils.getOrder(bd1.getBeanDefinition());
      int i2 = ConfigurationClassUtils.getOrder(bd2.getBeanDefinition());
      return Integer.compare(i1, i2);
   });

   // Detect any custom bean name generation strategy supplied through the enclosing application context
   SingletonBeanRegistry sbr = null;
   if (registry instanceof SingletonBeanRegistry) {
      sbr = (SingletonBeanRegistry) registry;
      if (!this.localBeanNameGeneratorSet) {
         BeanNameGenerator generator = (BeanNameGenerator) sbr.getSingleton(
               AnnotationConfigUtils.CONFIGURATION_BEAN_NAME_GENERATOR);
         if (generator != null) {
            this.componentScanBeanNameGenerator = generator;
            this.importBeanNameGenerator = generator;
         }
      }
   }

   if (this.environment == null) {
      this.environment = new StandardEnvironment();
   }

   // Parse each @Configuration class
   ConfigurationClassParser parser = new ConfigurationClassParser(
         this.metadataReaderFactory, this.problemReporter, this.environment,
         this.resourceLoader, this.componentScanBeanNameGenerator, registry);

   Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>(configCandidates);
   Set<ConfigurationClass> alreadyParsed = new HashSet<>(configCandidates.size());
   do {
      parser.parse(candidates);
      parser.validate();

      Set<ConfigurationClass> configClasses = new LinkedHashSet<>(parser.getConfigurationClasses());
      configClasses.removeAll(alreadyParsed);

      // Read the model and create bean definitions based on its content
      if (this.reader == null) {
         this.reader = new ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader(
               registry, this.sourceExtractor, this.resourceLoader, this.environment,
               this.importBeanNameGenerator, parser.getImportRegistry());
      }
      this.reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configClasses);
      alreadyParsed.addAll(configClasses);

      candidates.clear();
      if (registry.getBeanDefinitionCount() > candidateNames.length) {
         String[] newCandidateNames = registry.getBeanDefinitionNames();
         Set<String> oldCandidateNames = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(candidateNames));
         Set<String> alreadyParsedClasses = new HashSet<>();
         for (ConfigurationClass configurationClass : alreadyParsed) {
            alreadyParsedClasses.add(configurationClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
         }
         for (String candidateName : newCandidateNames) {
            if (!oldCandidateNames.contains(candidateName)) {
               BeanDefinition bd = registry.getBeanDefinition(candidateName);
               if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(bd, this.metadataReaderFactory) &&
                     !alreadyParsedClasses.contains(bd.getBeanClassName())) {
                  candidates.add(new BeanDefinitionHolder(bd, candidateName));
               }
            }
         }
         candidateNames = newCandidateNames;
      }
   }
   while (!candidates.isEmpty());

   // Register the ImportRegistry as a bean in order to support ImportAware @Configuration classes
   if (sbr != null && !sbr.containsSingleton(IMPORT_REGISTRY_BEAN_NAME)) {
      sbr.registerSingleton(IMPORT_REGISTRY_BEAN_NAME, parser.getImportRegistry());
   }

   if (this.metadataReaderFactory instanceof CachingMetadataReaderFactory) {
      // Clear cache in externally provided MetadataReaderFactory; this is a no-op
      // for a shared cache since it'll be cleared by the ApplicationContext.
      ((CachingMetadataReaderFactory) this.metadataReaderFactory).clearCache();
   }
}
List<BeanDefinitionHolder> configCandidates
ConfigurationClassParser parser
parser.parse(candidates);
// ConfigurationClassParser#parse

public void parse(Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> configCandidates) {
  for (BeanDefinitionHolder holder : configCandidates) {
     BeanDefinition bd = holder.getBeanDefinition();
     try {
        if (bd instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
           // 解析启动类
           parse(((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) bd).getMetadata(), holder.getBeanName());
        }
        else if (bd instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition && ((AbstractBeanDefinition) bd).hasBeanClass()) {
           parse(((AbstractBeanDefinition) bd).getBeanClass(), holder.getBeanName());
        }
        else {
           parse(bd.getBeanClassName(), holder.getBeanName());
        }
     }
     catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
        throw ex;
     }
     catch (Throwable ex) {
        throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
              "Failed to parse configuration class [" + bd.getBeanClassName() + "]", ex);
     }
  }

  // 
  this.deferredImportSelectorHandler.process();
}


protected final void parse(AnnotationMetadata metadata, String beanName) throws IOException {
  processConfigurationClass(new ConfigurationClass(metadata, beanName));
}
// ConfigurationClassParser#parse


protected void processConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClass configClass) throws IOException {
   if (this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(configClass.getMetadata(), ConfigurationPhase.PARSE_CONFIGURATION)) {
      return;
   }

   ConfigurationClass existingClass = this.configurationClasses.get(configClass);
   if (existingClass != null) {
      if (configClass.isImported()) {
         if (existingClass.isImported()) {
            existingClass.mergeImportedBy(configClass);
         }
         // Otherwise ignore new imported config class; existing non-imported class overrides it.
         return;
      }
      else {
         // Explicit bean definition found, probably replacing an import.
         // Let's remove the old one and go with the new one.
         this.configurationClasses.remove(configClass);
         this.knownSuperclasses.values().removeIf(configClass::equals);
      }
   }

   // Recursively process the configuration class and its superclass hierarchy.
   SourceClass sourceClass = asSourceClass(configClass);
   do {
      // 处理Configuration类
      sourceClass = doProcessConfigurationClass(configClass, sourceClass);
   }
   while (sourceClass != null);

   this.configurationClasses.put(configClass, configClass);
}
// ConfigurationCalassParser#doProcessConfigurationClass

protected final SourceClass doProcessConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClass configClass, SourceClass sourceClass)
      throws IOException {

   if (configClass.getMetadata().isAnnotated(Component.class.getName())) {
      // Recursively process any member (nested) classes first
      processMemberClasses(configClass, sourceClass);
   }

   // Process any @PropertySource annotations
   for (AnnotationAttributes propertySource : AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesForRepeatable(
         sourceClass.getMetadata(), PropertySources.class,
         org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource.class)) {
      if (this.environment instanceof ConfigurableEnvironment) {
         processPropertySource(propertySource);
      }
      else {
         logger.info("Ignoring @PropertySource annotation on [" + sourceClass.getMetadata().getClassName() +
               "]. Reason: Environment must implement ConfigurableEnvironment");
      }
   }

   // Process any @ComponentScan annotations
   Set<AnnotationAttributes> componentScans = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesForRepeatable(
         sourceClass.getMetadata(), ComponentScans.class, ComponentScan.class);
   if (!componentScans.isEmpty() &&
         !this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(sourceClass.getMetadata(), ConfigurationPhase.REGISTER_BEAN)) {
      for (AnnotationAttributes componentScan : componentScans) {
         // The config class is annotated with @ComponentScan -> perform the scan immediately
         Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> scannedBeanDefinitions =
               this.componentScanParser.parse(componentScan, sourceClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
         // Check the set of scanned definitions for any further config classes and parse recursively if needed
         for (BeanDefinitionHolder holder : scannedBeanDefinitions) {
            BeanDefinition bdCand = holder.getBeanDefinition().getOriginatingBeanDefinition();
            if (bdCand == null) {
               bdCand = holder.getBeanDefinition();
            }
            if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(bdCand, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
               parse(bdCand.getBeanClassName(), holder.getBeanName());
            }
         }
      }
   }

   // 处理@Import注解。。。
   // Process any @Import annotations
   // configClass:ConfigurationClass: beanName 'springIocApplication', center.leon.springboot.SpringIocApplication
   // sourceClass:center.leon.springboot.SpringIocApplication
   // getImports(sourceClass):递归获取所有具备继承能力的@Import注解需要自动装配的配置类的SourceClass集合
   // checkForCircularImports:true
   // @Import(AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class)
   // @Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
   processImports(configClass, sourceClass, getImports(sourceClass), true);

   // Process any @ImportResource annotations
   AnnotationAttributes importResource =
         AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(sourceClass.getMetadata(), ImportResource.class);
   if (importResource != null) {
      String[] resources = importResource.getStringArray("locations");
      Class<? extends BeanDefinitionReader> readerClass = importResource.getClass("reader");
      for (String resource : resources) {
         String resolvedResource = this.environment.resolveRequiredPlaceholders(resource);
         configClass.addImportedResource(resolvedResource, readerClass);
      }
   }

   // Process individual @Bean methods
   Set<MethodMetadata> beanMethods = retrieveBeanMethodMetadata(sourceClass);
   for (MethodMetadata methodMetadata : beanMethods) {
      configClass.addBeanMethod(new BeanMethod(methodMetadata, configClass));
   }

   // Process default methods on interfaces
   processInterfaces(configClass, sourceClass);

   // Process superclass, if any
   if (sourceClass.getMetadata().hasSuperClass()) {
      String superclass = sourceClass.getMetadata().getSuperClassName();
      if (superclass != null && !superclass.startsWith("java") &&
            !this.knownSuperclasses.containsKey(superclass)) {
         this.knownSuperclasses.put(superclass, configClass);
         // Superclass found, return its annotation metadata and recurse
         return sourceClass.getSuperClass();
      }
   }

   // No superclass -> processing is complete
   return null;
}
// ConfigurationCalassParser#processImports

// 将@Import指定的类做实例化操作(ImportSelector、ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar、其他Configuration类)
private void processImports(ConfigurationClass configClass, SourceClass currentSourceClass,
      Collection<SourceClass> importCandidates, boolean checkForCircularImports) {

   if (importCandidates.isEmpty()) {
      return;
   }

   if (checkForCircularImports && isChainedImportOnStack(configClass)) {
      this.problemReporter.error(new CircularImportProblem(configClass, this.importStack));
   }
   else {
      this.importStack.push(configClass);
      try {
         for (SourceClass candidate : importCandidates) {
            if (candidate.isAssignable(ImportSelector.class)) { // ImportSelector实现类处理分支
               // Candidate class is an ImportSelector -> delegate to it to determine imports
               Class<?> candidateClass = candidate.loadClass();
               ImportSelector selector = ParserStrategyUtils.instantiateClass(candidateClass, ImportSelector.class,
                     this.environment, this.resourceLoader, this.registry);
               if (selector instanceof DeferredImportSelector) {
                  this.deferredImportSelectorHandler.handle(configClass, (DeferredImportSelector) selector);
               }
               else {
                  String[] importClassNames = selector.selectImports(currentSourceClass.getMetadata());
                  Collection<SourceClass> importSourceClasses = asSourceClasses(importClassNames);
                  processImports(configClass, currentSourceClass, importSourceClasses, false);
               }
            }
            else if (candidate.isAssignable(ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar.class)) { // ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar实现类处理分支
               // Candidate class is an ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar ->
               // delegate to it to register additional bean definitions
               Class<?> candidateClass = candidate.loadClass();
               ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar registrar =
                     ParserStrategyUtils.instantiateClass(candidateClass, ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar.class,
                           this.environment, this.resourceLoader, this.registry);
               configClass.addImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar(registrar, currentSourceClass.getMetadata());
            }
            else { // 其他类作为Configuration配置类处理
               // Candidate class not an ImportSelector or ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar ->
               // process it as an @Configuration class
               this.importStack.registerImport(
                     currentSourceClass.getMetadata(), candidate.getMetadata().getClassName());
               processConfigurationClass(candidate.asConfigClass(configClass));
            }
         }
      }
      catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
         throw ex;
      }
      catch (Throwable ex) {
         throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
               "Failed to process import candidates for configuration class [" +
               configClass.getMetadata().getClassName() + "]", ex);
      }
      finally {
         this.importStack.pop();
      }
   }
}
// ConfigurationClassParser

public void process() {
   List<DeferredImportSelectorHolder> deferredImports = this.deferredImportSelectors;
   this.deferredImportSelectors = null;
   try {
      if (deferredImports != null) {
         DeferredImportSelectorGroupingHandler handler = new DeferredImportSelectorGroupingHandler();
         deferredImports.sort(DEFERRED_IMPORT_COMPARATOR);
         deferredImports.forEach(handler::register);
         handler.processGroupImports();
      }
   }
   finally {
      this.deferredImportSelectors = new ArrayList<>();
   }
}


public void processGroupImports() {
   for (DeferredImportSelectorGrouping grouping : this.groupings.values()) {
      grouping.getImports().forEach(entry -> {
         ConfigurationClass configurationClass = this.configurationClasses.get(
               entry.getMetadata());
         try {
            processImports(configurationClass, asSourceClass(configurationClass),
                  asSourceClasses(entry.getImportClassName()), false);
         }
         catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
            throw ex;
         }
         catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
                  "Failed to process import candidates for configuration class [" +
                        configurationClass.getMetadata().getClassName() + "]", ex);
         }
      });
   }
}
// ConfigurationClassParser#DeferredImportSelectorGrouping#getImports()
public Iterable<Group.Entry> getImports() {
   for (DeferredImportSelectorHolder deferredImport : this.deferredImports) {
      this.group.process(deferredImport.getConfigurationClass().getMetadata(),
            deferredImport.getImportSelector());
   }
   return this.group.selectImports();
}
// AutoConfigurationImportSelector

@Override
public void process(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata, DeferredImportSelector deferredImportSelector) {
   Assert.state(deferredImportSelector instanceof AutoConfigurationImportSelector,
         () -> String.format("Only %s implementations are supported, got %s",
               AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class.getSimpleName(),
               deferredImportSelector.getClass().getName()));
   AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = ((AutoConfigurationImportSelector) deferredImportSelector)
         .getAutoConfigurationEntry(getAutoConfigurationMetadata(), annotationMetadata);
   this.autoConfigurationEntries.add(autoConfigurationEntry);
   for (String importClassName : autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations()) {
      this.entries.putIfAbsent(importClassName, annotationMetadata);
   }
}
// AutoConfigurationImportSelector#getAutoConfigurationEntry

protected AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata,
      AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
   if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
      return EMPTY_ENTRY;
   }
   AnnotationAttributes attributes = getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
   List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
   configurations = removeDuplicates(configurations);
   Set<String> exclusions = getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
   checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
   configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
   configurations = filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
   fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
   return new AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);
}

// AutoConfigurationImportSelector#

protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
   List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(),
         getBeanClassLoader());
   Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you "
         + "are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
   return configurations;
}
// AutoConfigurationImportSelector#
protected Class<?> getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass() {
   return EnableAutoConfiguration.class;
}

流程

1. 创建SpringApplication对象

SpringBoot项目的main函数执行SpringApplication.run(Class<?> primarySource, String... args); 方法,启动SprinbBoot项目。

run()方法内部通过primarySourceargs参数,创建SpringApplication对象。

在对象的构造方法里面进行一些参数的初始化工作。

  1. 保存主配置类(primarySource)
  2. 推断应用程序的类型(REACTIVE、SERVLET)
  3. 设置初始化器。
  4. 设置监听器。
  5. 加载整个应用程序的spring.factories文件,将文件中的内容放到缓存当中。
public SpringApplication(ResourceLoader resourceLoader, Class<?>... primarySources) {
   this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader;
   Assert.notNull(primarySources, "PrimarySources must not be null");
   this.primarySources = new LinkedHashSet<>(Arrays.asList(primarySources));
   this.webApplicationType = WebApplicationType.deduceFromClasspath();
   setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationContextInitializer.class));
   setListeners((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class));
   this.mainApplicationClass = deduceMainApplicationClass();
}

2. 启动应用程序

执行SpringApplication.run()方法启动应用程序。

启动的过程中通过prepareContext()和refreshContext()这两个方法中完成了自动装配的核心功能。

3. 上下文初始化prepareContext()

prepareContext()方法,完成上下文对象的初始化操作,包括属性的设置,比如设置环境变量。

load()方法,将启动类作为一个beanDefinition注册到registry。

4. 上下文刷新refreshContext()

refreshContext()方法,调用spring中的refresh()方法。

refresh()方法,完成整个应用程序的启动。

invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()方法,对ConfigurationClassPostProcessor implements BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor类处理。先调用postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry()方法,再调用postProcessBeanFactory()方法。在执行postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry() -> processConfigBeanDefinitions() -> ConfigurationClassParser parser -> processConfigurationClass -> doProcessConfigurationClass方法的时候会解析处理各种的注解,包含@PropertySource、@ComponentScan、@Bean、@Import等注解,最主要的是对@Import注解的解析;

5. 解析@Import注解

解析@Import注解,从主类开始递归解析注解,把所有包含@Import的注解都解析到,然后在processImport()方法中对import的类进行分类(ImportSelector、ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar、@Configuration class)。

AutoConfigurationImportSelect归属于ImportSelect的子类,调用DeferredImportSelectorHandler.process()方法,加载EnableAutoConfiguration的全部配置。

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