消息中间件ActiveMQ入门学习笔记

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消息中间件activemq有两种模式：topic广播、queue分食，两者代码很类似，主要区别是创建消息主题时会声明是topic还是queue

环境准备

  1. 软件安装

     https://activemq.apache.org/下载并解压至本地

  2. activemq服务开启

     xx\apache-activemq-5.16.2\bin\win64\activemq.bat双击即可开启

  3. 服务启动截图 在这里插入图片描述

  4. 进入activemq的消息监控页面

     打开http://127.0.0.1:8161/并输入admin/admin
 activemq服务的默认端口是8161

代码示例

  • 有问题的pom引入

    全部引入会有slf4j冲突 SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.

      <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
      <artifactId>activemq-all</artifactId>
      <version>5.15.9</version>
  </dependency>

  • 推荐引入方式

    单独引入

      <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
      <artifactId>activemq-core</artifactId>
      <version>5.7.0</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
      <artifactId>activemq-pool</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 使用到了hutool -->
  <dependency>
      <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
      <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.1</version>
  </dependency>

  • 测试端口是否可达的工具类

    import cn.hutool.core.util.NetUtil;
import javax.swing.*;
public class ActiveMQUtil {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        checkServer();
    }
    public static void checkServer() {
        //activemq服务开启后默认端口为8161
        if (NetUtil.isUsableLocalPort(8161)) {
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "ActiveMQ服务器未启动");
            System.exit(1);
        } else {
            System.out.println("ActiveMQ服务器已启动");
        }
    }
}

  • 模式1topic广播

    创建一个producer和AB两个consumer，先运行两个consumer再运行producer，可以观察控制台情况：producer发送100个消息，AB两个consumer分别全部接收了这100个消息

    import javax.jms.Connection;
import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.Destination;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.MessageProducer;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import message.activemq.ActiveMQUtil;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
/**
 * 先运行多个消费者，再运行生产者，可以看到多个消费者都拿到了同样的消息
 */
public class TopicProducer {
    //配置服务地址和端口
    private static final String url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:61616";
    //这次发送的消息名称
    private static final String topicName = "topic_style";
    public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException {
        //检查activemq服务是否开启
        ActiveMQUtil.checkServer();
        //创建ConnectionFactory并绑定url
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(url);
        //创建Connection
        Connection connection = factory.createConnection();
        //启动连接
        connection.start();
        //创建Session
        Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
        //使用session创建主题topic
        Destination destination = session.createTopic(topicName);
        //创建消息生产者
        MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(destination);
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            //创建消息
            TextMessage textMessage = session.createTextMessage("主题消息-" + i);
            //发送消息
            producer.send(textMessage);
            System.out.println("发送主题topic消息:" + textMessage.getText());
        }
        //关闭连接
        producer.close();
        session.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

    import cn.hutool.core.util.RandomUtil;
import message.activemq.ActiveMQUtil;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.*;
public class TopicConsumerA {
    //配置服务地址和端口
    private static final String url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:61616";
    //这次消费的消息名称
    private static final String topicName = "topic_style";
    //定义当前消费者名称
    private static final String consumerName = "consumer-" + RandomUtil.randomString(5);
    public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException {
        //检查activemq服务是否开启
        ActiveMQUtil.checkServer();
        System.out.printf("消费者启动了:%s%n", consumerName);
        //创建ConnectionFactory并绑定url
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(url);
        //创建Connection
        Connection connection = factory.createConnection();
        //启动连接
        connection.start();
        //创建Session
        Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
        //使用session创建主题topic
        Destination destination = session.createTopic(topicName);
        //创建消息生产者
        MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(destination);
        //消费者创建监听器
        consumer.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() {
            public void onMessage(Message arg0) {
                TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage) arg0;
                try {
                    System.out.println(consumerName + "=>接收消息:" + textMessage.getText());
                } catch (JMSException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
        });
        //consumer.close();
        //session.close();
        //connection.close();
    }
}

  • 模式2queue分食

    创建ABC三个consumer，运行后发现producer发送了100个消息，被ABC平均消费了，所以我理解为分食

    import javax.jms.Connection;
import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.Destination;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.MessageProducer;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import message.activemq.ActiveMQUtil;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
/**
 * 先运行多个消费者，再运行生产者，可以看到消息被多个消费者均分消费了
 */
public class QueueProducer {
    //配置服务地址和端口
    private static final String url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:61616";
    //这次发送的消息名称
    private static final String topicName = "queue_style";
    public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException {
        //检查activemq服务是否开启
        ActiveMQUtil.checkServer();
        //创建ConnectionFactory并绑定url
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(url);
        //创建Connection
        Connection connection = factory.createConnection();
        //启动连接
        connection.start();
        //创建Session
        Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
        //使用session创建队列
        Destination destination = session.createQueue(topicName);
        //创建消息生产者
        MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(destination);
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            //创建消息
            TextMessage textMessage = session.createTextMessage("队列消息=>" + i);
            //发送消息
            producer.send(textMessage);
            System.out.println("发送队列queue消息:" + textMessage.getText());
        }
        //关闭连接
        producer.close();
        session.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

    import cn.hutool.core.util.RandomUtil;
import message.activemq.ActiveMQUtil;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.*;
public class QueueConsumerA {
    //配置服务地址和端口
    private static final String url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:61616";
    //这次发送的消息名称
    private static final String topicName = "queue_style";
    //定义当前消费者名称
    private static final String consumerName = "consumer-" + RandomUtil.randomString(5);
    public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException {
        //检查activemq服务是否开启
        ActiveMQUtil.checkServer();
        System.out.printf("消费者启动了:%s%n", consumerName);
        //创建ConnectionFactory并绑定url
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(url);
        //创建Connection
        Connection connection = factory.createConnection();
        //启动连接
        connection.start();
        //创建Session
        Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
        //使用session创建队列
        Destination destination = session.createQueue(topicName);
        //创建消息消费者
        MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(destination);
        //消费者创建监听器
        consumer.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() {
            public void onMessage(Message arg0) {
                TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage) arg0;
                try {
                    System.out.println(consumerName + "=>接收消息:" + textMessage.getText());
                } catch (JMSException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
        //consumer.close();
        //session.close();
        //connection.close();
    }
}

  • 监控页面信息

    topic模式，AB共两个消费者，producer发送的100个消息被AB分别接收，所以消息出列为200

    在这里插入图片描述

    queue模式，ABC共三个消费者，可以看到消息出列为100，消息被分食，参考下面A的日志

    在这里插入图片描述 在这里插入图片描述

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