学校管理系统（SMS）是一个网络应用程序，通常用于学校管理教师、学生、班级、科目、部门、学生出勤等。
因此，如果你是一个PHP开发人员，并想用PHP开发学校管理系统，那么你就来对地方了。在我们之前的教程中，你已经学会了如何用PHP和MYSQL开发在线投票系统。在本教程中，你将学习如何用PHP和MySQL开发一个学校管理系统。
我们将以简单的步骤介绍本教程，开发学校管理系统的现场演示，涵盖一些主要功能，如管理教师、学生、班级、科目、部门、学生出勤等。这是一个非常简单的用于学习的学校管理系统，可以根据需求进行增强，以开发一个完美的高级系统。下载链接在教程的末尾，可以下载带有数据库表格的完整项目。
另外，请阅读。
- 使用PHP和MySQL的用户管理系统
- 用jQuery、PHP和MySQL构建服务台系统
- 用PHP和MySQL构建在线投票系统
- 用PHP和MySQL建立项目管理系统
- 用PHP和MySQL搭建医院管理系统
所以，让我们开始用PHP和MySQL实现学校管理系统。在我们开始之前，请看一下这个例子的文件结构。
- index.php
- School.php。一个用于保存学校方法的类。
- dashboard.php
- students.php
- teacher.php
- classes.php
- subjects.php
- sections.php
- attendance.php
步骤1：创建MySQL数据库表
首先我们将MySQL数据库表sms_user、sms_teacher、sms_students、sms**_classes**、sms_subjects、sms_section和sms_attendance。所有的表结构和数据都可以在项目下载的压缩文件中找到。
第二步：创建用户登录
在index.php文件中，我们将创建登录表单，实现管理员登录，只允许登录的用户访问。
<div class="container">
<div class="col-md-6">
<div class="panel panel-info">
<div class="panel-heading" style="background:#000;color:white;">
<div class="panel-title">Admin Login</div>
</div>
<div style="padding-top:30px" class="panel-body" >
<?php if ($errorMessage != '') { ?>
<div id="login-alert" class="alert alert-danger col-sm-12"><?php echo $errorMessage; ?></div>
<?php } ?>
<form id="loginform" class="form-horizontal" role="form" method="POST" action="">
<div style="margin-bottom: 25px" class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon"><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></i></span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="email" name="email" placeholder="email" required>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 25px" class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon"><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-lock"></i></span>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="password" name="password" placeholder="password" required>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:10px" class="form-group">
<div class="col-sm-12 controls">
<input type="submit" name="login" value="Login" class="btn btn-success">
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:10px" class="form-group">
<div class="col-sm-12 controls">
Admin: admin@webdamn.com<br>
password:123 <br><br>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
我们将通过调用ClassSchool.php中的方法**adminLogin()**来实现用户在登录表格中的登录。
include('class/School.php');
$school = new School();
$school->adminLogin();
在classSchool.php中，我们将实现方法adminLogin()。
public function adminLogin(){
$errorMessage = '';
if(!empty($_POST["login"]) && $_POST["email"]!=''&& $_POST["password"]!='') {
$email = $_POST['email'];
$password = $_POST['password'];
$sqlQuery = "SELECT * FROM ".$this->userTable."
WHERE email='".$email."' AND password='".md5($password)."' AND status = 'active' AND type = 'administrator'";
$resultSet = mysqli_query($this->dbConnect, $sqlQuery) or die("error".mysql_error());
$isValidLogin = mysqli_num_rows($resultSet);
if($isValidLogin){
$userDetails = mysqli_fetch_assoc($resultSet);
$_SESSION["adminUserid"] = $userDetails['id'];
$_SESSION["admin"] = $userDetails['first_name']." ".$userDetails['last_name'];
header("location: dashboard.php");
} else {
$errorMessage = "Invalid login!";
}
} else if(!empty($_POST["login"])){
$errorMessage = "Enter Both user and password!";
}
return $errorMessage;
}
第三步：管理教师部分
在teacher.php文件中，我们将创建设计来添加新的教师信息，编辑和显示教师列表。
<div class="content">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div>
<a href="#"><strong><span class="ti-crown"></span> Teachers Section</strong></a>
<hr>
<div class="panel-heading">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-10">
<h3 class="panel-title"></h3>
</div>
<div class="col-md-2" align="right">
<button type="button" name="add" id="addTeacher" class="btn btn-success btn-xs">Add New Teacher</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<table id="teacherList" class="table table-bordered table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Assigned Subjects</th>
<th>Class</th>
<th>Sections</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
我们将调用学校类方法addTeacher(),updateTeacher和**listTeacher()**来处理教师功能。
public function listTeacher(){
$sqlQuery = "SELECT t.teacher_id, t.teacher, s.subject, c.name, se.section
FROM ".$this-<teacherTable." as t
LEFT JOIN ".$this-<subjectsTable." as s ON t.subject_id = s.subject_id
LEFT JOIN ".$this-<classesTable." as c ON t.teacher_id = c.teacher_id
LEFT JOIN ".$this-<sectionsTable." as se ON c.section = se.section_id ";
if(!empty($_POST["search"]["value"])){
$sqlQuery .= ' WHERE (t.teacher_id LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
$sqlQuery .= ' OR t.teacher LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
}
if(!empty($_POST["order"])){
$sqlQuery .= 'ORDER BY '.$_POST['order']['0']['column'].' '.$_POST['order']['0']['dir'].' ';
} else {
$sqlQuery .= 'ORDER BY t.teacher_id DESC ';
}
if($_POST["length"] != -1){
$sqlQuery .= 'LIMIT ' . $_POST['start'] . ', ' . $_POST['length'];
}
$result = mysqli_query($this-<dbConnect, $sqlQuery);
$numRows = mysqli_num_rows($result);
$teacherData = array();
while( $teacher = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result) ) {
$teacherRows = array();
$teacherRows[] = $teacher['teacher_id'];
$teacherRows[] = $teacher['teacher'];
$teacherRows[] = $teacher['subject'];
$teacherRows[] = $teacher['name'];
$teacherRows[] = $teacher['section'];
$teacherRows[] = '>button type="button" name="update" id="'.$teacher["teacher_id"].'" class="btn btn-warning btn-xs update"<Update>/button<';
$teacherRows[] = '>button type="button" name="delete" id="'.$teacher["teacher_id"].'" class="btn btn-danger btn-xs delete" <Delete>/button<';
$teacherData[] = $teacherRows;
}
$output = array(
"draw" =< intval($_POST["draw"]),
"recordsTotal" =< $numRows,
"recordsFiltered" =< $numRows,
"data" =< $teacherData
);
echo json_encode($output);
}
第四步：管理学生部分
在students.php文件中，我们将设计显示学生列表，保存新的学生录取，更新和删除学生的详细信息。
<div class="content">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div>
<a href="#"><strong><span class="ti-crown"></span> Student Section</strong></a>
<hr>
<div class="panel-heading">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-10">
<h3 class="panel-title"></h3>
</div>
<div class="col-md-2" align="right">
<button type="button" name="add" id="addStudent" class="btn btn-success btn-xs">Student Admission</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<table id="studentList" class="table table-bordered table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Reg No</th>
<th>Roll No</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Photo</th>
<th>Class</th>
<th>Section</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
我们将调用学校类方法addStudent(),updateStudent,deleteStudent和**listStudent()**来处理教师功能。
public function listStudent(){
$sqlQuery = "SELECT s.id, s.name, s.photo, s.gender, s.dob, s.mobile, s.email, s.current_address, s.father_name, s.mother_name,s.admission_no, s.roll_no, s.admission_date, s.academic_year, c.name as class, se.section
FROM ".$this->studentTable." as s
LEFT JOIN ".$this->classesTable." as c ON s.class = c.id
LEFT JOIN ".$this->sectionsTable." as se ON s.section = se.section_id ";
if(!empty($_POST["search"]["value"])){
$sqlQuery .= ' WHERE (s.id LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
$sqlQuery .= ' OR s.name LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
$sqlQuery .= ' OR s.gender LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
$sqlQuery .= ' OR s.mobile LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
$sqlQuery .= ' OR s.admission_no LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
$sqlQuery .= ' OR s.roll_no LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
}
if(!empty($_POST["order"])){
$sqlQuery .= 'ORDER BY '.$_POST['order']['0']['column'].' '.$_POST['order']['0']['dir'].' ';
} else {
$sqlQuery .= 'ORDER BY s.id DESC ';
}
if($_POST["length"] != -1){
$sqlQuery .= 'LIMIT ' . $_POST['start'] . ', ' . $_POST['length'];
}
$result = mysqli_query($this->dbConnect, $sqlQuery);
$numRows = mysqli_num_rows($result);
$studentData = array();
while( $student = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result) ) {
$studentRows = array();
$studentRows[] = $student['id'];
$studentRows[] = $student['admission_no'];
$studentRows[] = $student['roll_no'];
$studentRows[] = $student['name'];
$studentRows[] = "<img width='40' height='40' src='upload/".$student['photo']."'>";
$studentRows[] = $student['class'];
$studentRows[] = $student['section'];
$studentRows[] = '<button type="button" name="update" id="'.$student["id"].'" class="btn btn-warning btn-xs update">Update</button>';
$studentRows[] = '<button type="button" name="delete" id="'.$student["id"].'" class="btn btn-danger btn-xs delete" >Delete</button>';
$studentData[] = $studentRows;
}
$output = array(
"draw" => intval($_POST["draw"]),
"recordsTotal" => $numRows,
"recordsFiltered" => $numRows,
"data" => $studentData
);
echo json_encode($output);
}
第五步：管理班级部分
在classes.php文件中，我们将设计HTML来处理班级功能，如创建班级、更新班级、删除班级和列出班级。
<div class="content">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div>
<a href="#"><strong><span class="ti-crown"></span> Classes Section</strong></a>
<hr>
<div class="panel-heading">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-10">
<h3 class="panel-title"></h3>
</div>
<div class="col-md-2" align="right">
<button type="button" name="add" id="addClass" class="btn btn-success btn-xs">Add New Class</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<table id="classList" class="table table-bordered table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Sections</th>
<th>Class Teacher</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
我们将调用学校班级方法addClass(),updateClass,deleteClass和**listClasses()**来处理班级功能。
public function listClasses(){
$sqlQuery = "SELECT c.id, c.name, s.section, t.teacher
FROM ".$this->classesTable." as c
LEFT JOIN ".$this->sectionsTable." as s ON c.section = s.section_id
LEFT JOIN ".$this->teacherTable." as t ON c.teacher_id = t.teacher_id ";
if(!empty($_POST["search"]["value"])){
$sqlQuery .= ' WHERE (c.id LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
$sqlQuery .= ' OR c.name LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
$sqlQuery .= ' OR s.section LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
$sqlQuery .= ' OR t.teacher LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
}
if(!empty($_POST["order"])){
$sqlQuery .= 'ORDER BY '.$_POST['order']['0']['column'].' '.$_POST['order']['0']['dir'].' ';
} else {
$sqlQuery .= 'ORDER BY c.id DESC ';
}
if($_POST["length"] != -1){
$sqlQuery .= 'LIMIT ' . $_POST['start'] . ', ' . $_POST['length'];
}
$result = mysqli_query($this->dbConnect, $sqlQuery);
$numRows = mysqli_num_rows($result);
$classesData = array();
while( $classes = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result) ) {
$classesRows = array();
$classesRows[] = $classes['id'];
$classesRows[] = $classes['name'];
$classesRows[] = $classes['section'];
$classesRows[] = $classes['teacher'];
$classesRows[] = '<button type="button" name="update" id="'.$classes["id"].'" class="btn btn-warning btn-xs update">Update</button>';
$classesRows[] = '<button type="button" name="delete" id="'.$classes["id"].'" class="btn btn-danger btn-xs delete" >Delete</button>';
$classesData[] = $classesRows;
}
$output = array(
"draw" => intval($_POST["draw"]),
"recordsTotal" => $numRows,
"recordsFiltered" => $numRows,
"data" => $classesData
);
echo json_encode($output);
}
第六步：管理科目部分
在subjects.php文件中，我们将设计页面来处理添加新科目、更新、删除和列表科目的功能。
<div class="content">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div>
<a href="#"><strong><span class="ti-crown"></span> Subjects Section</strong></a>
<hr>
<div class="panel-heading">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-10">
<h3 class="panel-title"></h3>
</div>
<div class="col-md-2" align="right">
<button type="button" name="add" id="addSubject" class="btn btn-success btn-xs">Add New Subject</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<table id="subjectList" class="table table-bordered table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Subject</th>
<th>Code</th>
<th>Subject Type</th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
我们将调用学校类方法addSubject(),updateSubject,deleteSubject和**listSubject()**来处理科目功能。
public function listSubject(){
$sqlQuery = "SELECT subject_id, subject, type, code
FROM ".$this->subjectsTable." ";
if(!empty($_POST["search"]["value"])){
$sqlQuery .= ' WHERE (subject_id LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
$sqlQuery .= ' OR subject LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
$sqlQuery .= ' OR type LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
$sqlQuery .= ' OR code LIKE "%'.$_POST["search"]["value"].'%" ';
}
if(!empty($_POST["order"])){
$sqlQuery .= 'ORDER BY '.$_POST['order']['0']['column'].' '.$_POST['order']['0']['dir'].' ';
} else {
$sqlQuery .= 'ORDER BY subject_id DESC ';
}
if($_POST["length"] != -1){
$sqlQuery .= 'LIMIT ' . $_POST['start'] . ', ' . $_POST['length'];
}
$result = mysqli_query($this->dbConnect, $sqlQuery);
$numRows = mysqli_num_rows($result);
$subjectData = array();
while( $subject = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result) ) {
$subjectRows = array();
$subjectRows[] = $subject['subject_id'];
$subjectRows[] = $subject['subject'];
$subjectRows[] = $subject['code'];
$subjectRows[] = $subject['type'];
$subjectRows[] = '<button type="button" name="update" id="'.$subject["subject_id"].'" class="btn btn-warning btn-xs update">Update</button>';
$subjectRows[] = '<button type="button" name="delete" id="'.$subject["subject_id"].'" class="btn btn-danger btn-xs delete" >Delete</button>';
$subjectData[] = $subjectRows;
}
$output = array(
"draw" => intval($_POST["draw"]),
"recordsTotal" => $numRows,
"recordsFiltered" => $numRows,
"data" => $subjectData
);
echo json_encode($output);
}
第七步：管理学生考勤部分
在attend.php文件中，我们将设计HTML来搜索班级和章节的学生出勤情况和列表。我们还将创建学生考勤表来处理学生考勤功能。
<div class="content">
<div class="container-fluid">
<strong>Student Attendance Section</strong>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="box box-primary">
<div class="box-header with-border">
<h3 class="box-title"><i class="fa fa-search"></i> Select Criteria</h3>
</div>
<form id="form1" action="" method="post" accept-charset="utf-8">
<div class="box-body">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="exampleInputEmail1">Class</label><small class="req"> *</small>
<select id="classid" name="classid" class="form-control" required>
<option value="">Select</option>
<?php echo $school->classList(); ?>
</select>
<span class="text-danger"></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="exampleInputEmail1">Section</label><small class="req"> *</small>
<select name="sectionid" id="sectionid" class="form-control" required>
<option value="">Select</option>
<?php echo $school->getSectionList(); ?>
</select>
<span class="text-danger"></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="box-footer">
<button type="button" id="search" name="search" value="search" style="margin-bottom:10px;" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm checkbox-toggle"><i class="fa fa-search"></i> Search</button> <br>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<form id="attendanceForm" method="post">
<div style="color:red;margin-top:20px;" class="hidden" id="message"></div>
<button type="submit" id="saveAttendance" name="saveAttendance" value="Save Attendance" style="margin-bottom:10px;" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm pull-right checkbox-toggle hidden"><i class="fa fa-save"></i> Save Attendance</button> <table id="studentList" class="table table-bordered table-striped hidden">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>Reg No</th>
<th>Roll No</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Attendance</th>
</tr>
</thead>
</table>
<input type="hidden" name="action" id="action" value="updateAttendance" />
<input type="hidden" name="att_classid" id="att_classid" value="" />
<input type="hidden" name="att_sectionid" id="att_sectionid" value="" />
</form>
</div>
</div>
我们将实现班级学生查询功能来执行学生考勤。
$('#search').click(function(){
$('#studentList').removeClass('hidden');
$('#saveAttendance').removeClass('hidden');
if ($.fn.DataTable.isDataTable("#studentList")) {
$('#studentList').DataTable().clear().destroy();
}
var classid = $('#classid').val();
var sectionid = $('#sectionid').val();
if(classid && sectionid) {
$.ajax({
url:"action.php",
method:"POST",
data:{classid:classid, sectionid:sectionid, action:"attendanceStatus"},
success:function(data) {
$('#message').text(data).removeClass('hidden');
}
})
$('#studentList').DataTable({
"lengthChange": false,
"processing":true,
"serverSide":true,
"order":[],
"ajax":{
url:"action.php",
type:"POST",
data:{classid:classid, sectionid:sectionid, action:'getStudents'},
dataType:"json"
},
"columnDefs":[
{
"targets":[0],
"orderable":false,
},
],
"pageLength": 10
});
}
});
我们还将实现学生考勤功能，处理表单提交。
$("#attendanceForm").submit(function(e) {
var formData = $(this).serialize();
$.ajax({
url:"action.php",
method:"POST",
data:formData,
success:function(data){
$('#message').text(data).removeClass('hidden');
}
});
return false;
});
我们将通过调用ClassSchool.php中的**updateAttendance()**方法来处理学生考勤的更新功能。
public function updateAttendance(){
$attendanceYear = date('Y');
$attendanceMonth = date('m');
$attendanceDay = date('d');
$attendanceDate = $attendanceYear."/".$attendanceMonth."/".$attendanceDay;
$sqlQuery = "SELECT * FROM ".$this->attendanceTable."
WHERE class_id = '".$_POST["att_classid"]."' AND section_id = '".$_POST["att_sectionid"]."' AND attendance_date = '".$attendanceDate."'";
$result = mysqli_query($this->dbConnect, $sqlQuery);
$attendanceDone = mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($attendanceDone) {
foreach($_POST as $key => $value) {
if (strpos($key, "attendencetype_") !== false) {
$student_id = str_replace("attendencetype_","", $key);
$attendanceStatus = $value;
if($student_id) {
$updateQuery = "UPDATE ".$this->attendanceTable." SET attendance_status = '".$attendanceStatus."'
WHERE student_id = '".$student_id."' AND class_id = '".$_POST["att_classid"]."' AND section_id = '".$_POST["att_sectionid"]."' AND attendance_date = '".$attendanceDate."'";
mysqli_query($this->dbConnect, $updateQuery);
}
}
}
echo "Attendance updated successfully!";
} else {
foreach($_POST as $key => $value) {
if (strpos($key, "attendencetype_") !== false) {
$student_id = str_replace("attendencetype_","", $key);
$attendanceStatus = $value;
if($student_id) {
$insertQuery = "INSERT INTO ".$this->attendanceTable."(student_id, class_id, section_id, attendance_status, attendance_date)
VALUES ('".$student_id."', '".$_POST["att_classid"]."', '".$_POST["att_sectionid"]."', '".$attendanceStatus."', '".$attendanceDate."')";
mysqli_query($this->dbConnect, $insertQuery);
}
}
}
echo "Attendance save successfully!";
}
}
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- 用PHP和MySQL建立费用管理系统
你可以从演示链接中查看实时演示，也可以从下面的下载链接中下载脚本。
演示 下载
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