数据库每日一题---第24天:格式化部门表

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一、问题描述

部门表 Department

+---------------+---------+
| Column Name   | Type    |
+---------------+---------+
| id            | int     |
| revenue       | int     |
| month         | varchar |
+---------------+---------+
(id, month) 是表的联合主键。
这个表格有关于每个部门每月收入的信息。
月份(month)可以取下列值 ["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"]。

编写一个 SQL 查询来重新格式化表,使得新的表中有一个部门 id 列和一些对应 每个月 的收入(revenue)列。

查询结果格式如下面的示例所示:

题目链接格式化部门表

二、题目要求

样例

Department 表:
+------+---------+-------+
| id   | revenue | month |
+------+---------+-------+
| 1    | 8000    | Jan   |
| 2    | 9000    | Jan   |
| 3    | 10000   | Feb   |
| 1    | 7000    | Feb   |
| 1    | 6000    | Mar   |
+------+---------+-------+

查询得到的结果表:
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
| id   | Jan_Revenue | Feb_Revenue | Mar_Revenue | ... | Dec_Revenue |
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+
| 1    | 8000        | 7000        | 6000        | ... | null        |
| 2    | 9000        | null        | null        | ... | null        |
| 3    | null        | 10000       | null        | ... | null        |
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----+-------------+

注意,结果表有 13  (1个部门 id  + 12个月份的收入列)。

考察

1.聚合函数、case语句
2.建议用时10~25min

三、问题分析

题目要求我们求出每个用户编号在12个月的工资,没有工资的置为null,注意题目中每一行包含重复的编号,输出的结果包含id应该有13列。

这一题我们可以用

case  变量 when  条件  then  结果1 else  结果2

这样的代码前来处理,对于每个月总体的薪资,先对id编号进行聚合分组,然后使用sum函数计算每个月薪资的总和。

四、编码实现

select id,
    sum(case month when 'Jan' then revenue else null end) as Jan_Revenue,
    sum(case month when 'Feb' then revenue else null end) as Feb_Revenue,
    sum(case month when 'Mar' then revenue else null end) as Mar_Revenue,
    sum(case month when 'Apr' then revenue else null end) as Apr_Revenue,
    sum(case month when 'May' then revenue else null end) as May_Revenue,
    sum(case month when 'Jun' then revenue else null end) as Jun_Revenue,
    sum(case month when 'Jul' then revenue else null end) as Jul_Revenue,
    sum(case month when 'Aug' then revenue else null end) as Aug_Revenue,
    sum(case month when 'Sep' then revenue else null end) as Sep_Revenue,
    sum(case month when 'Oct' then revenue else null end) as Oct_Revenue,
    sum(case month when 'Nov' then revenue else null end) as Nov_Revenue,
    sum(case month when 'Dec' then revenue else null end) as Dec_Revenue
from Department
group by id

五、测试结果

1.png

2.png

19.png