[toc]
简介
V0.5.1.20220513
用一款比较简单的软件 tree 来学习rpm的解包，分析tree软件的编译、安装
当前版本
[kira@localhost ~]$ uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-1160.62.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Apr 5 16:57:59 UTC 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[kira@localhost ~]$ rpmbuild --version
RPM 版本 4.11.3
[kira@localhost ~]$
下载tree SRPM包
[kira@localhost ~]$ yumdownloader --source tree
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Enabling updates-source repository
Enabling base-source repository
Enabling extras-source repository
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
base-source | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
extras-source | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
updates-source | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
[kira@localhost ~]$
- yumdownland 工具可能需要额外安装
yum install yum-utils
rpm包安装、解包
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh tree-1.6.0-10.el7.src.rpm
正在升级/安装...
1:tree-1.6.0-10.el7 ################################# [100%]
警告：用户mockbuild 不存在 - 使用root
警告：群组mockbuild 不存在 - 使用root
警告：用户mockbuild 不存在 - 使用root
警告：群组mockbuild 不存在 - 使用root
警告：用户mockbuild 不存在 - 使用root
警告：群组mockbuild 不存在 - 使用root
警告：用户mockbuild 不存在 - 使用root
警告：群组mockbuild 不存在 - 使用root
警告：用户mockbuild 不存在 - 使用root
警告：群组mockbuild 不存在 - 使用root
警告：用户mockbuild 不存在 - 使用root
警告：群组mockbuild 不存在 - 使用root
警告：用户mockbuild 不存在 - 使用root
警告：群组mockbuild 不存在 - 使用root
[root@localhost ~]#
- 操作完后tree并不在系统中，src并不能直接安装，安装会先展开，展开后如下文所示目录结构（需先rpmdev-newinit一下建立rpm包空间）
分析
目录结构
[root@localhost ~]# tree ./rpmbuild/
./rpmbuild/
├── SOURCES
│ ├── tree-1.6.0.tgz 源码
│ ├── tree-args.patch patch 补丁包
│ ├── tree-fixbufsiz.patch
│ ├── tree-no-color-by-default.patch
│ ├── tree-no-strip.patch
│ └── tree-preserve-timestamps.patch
└── SPECS
└── tree.spec rpm描述文件
2 directories, 7 files
[root@localhost ~]#
spec文件分析
Summary: File system tree viewer # 简要描述
Name: tree # 程序名
Version: 1.6.0 # 版本号
Release: 10%{?dist} # 发布序号
Group: Applications/File # 软件分组
License: GPLv2+ # 授权协议
Url: http://mama.indstate.edu/users/ice/tree/ # 主页
Source: ftp://mama.indstate.edu/linux/tree/tree-%{version}.tgz # 源码包
Patch1: tree-no-strip.patch # 补丁包
Patch2: tree-preserve-timestamps.patch
Patch3: tree-no-color-by-default.patch
Patch4: tree-args.patch
Patch5: tree-fixbufsiz.patch
BuildRoot: %{_tmppath}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}-root-%(%{__id_u} -n) # make install 测试目录
%description # 详细描述
The tree utility recursively displays the contents of directories in a
tree-like format. Tree is basically a UNIX port of the DOS tree
utility.
%prep # build前操作，例如解压源码
%setup -q # rpm内置的解压缩命令
# Don't strip binary in the Makefile -- let rpmbuild do it.
%patch1 -p1 -b .no-strip # 应用补丁，-b 打补丁前备份源码
# Preserve timestamp on man page.
%patch2 -p1 -b .preserve-timestamps
# Disable color output by default.
%patch3 -p1 -b .no-color-by-default
# Document --du and --prune options in help output (bug #948991).
%patch4 -p1 -b .args
# Handle large UID/GID values (bug #980945).
%patch5 -p1 -b .fixbufsiz
%build # 编译
make CFLAGS="$RPM_OPT_FLAGS $(getconf LFS_CFLAGS)" %{?_smp_mflags}
%install
rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
mkdir -p $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_bindir}
make BINDIR=$RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_bindir} \
MANDIR=$RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_mandir}/man1 \
install
chmod -x $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_mandir}/man1/tree.1
%clean
rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
%files # 最终安装到系统的软件
%defattr(-,root,root)
%{_bindir}/tree
%{_mandir}/man1/tree.1*
%doc README LICENSE
%changelog
* Fri Jan 24 2014 Daniel Mach <dmach@redhat.com> - 1.6.0-10
- Mass rebuild 2014-01-24
* Fri Dec 27 2013 Daniel Mach <dmach@redhat.com> - 1.6.0-9
- Mass rebuild 2013-12-27
...... 巴拉巴拉 往后是更新日志省略
- 查询spec文件下变量
[root@localhost SPECS]# rpmbuild --eval "%{_tmppath}" /var/tmp
根据spec文件构建项目
[root@localhost ~]# cd rpmbuild/SPECS/
[root@localhost SPECS]# rpmbuild -bp tree.spec
执行(%prep): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.mtGtgy
+ umask 022
+ cd /root/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd /root/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ rm -rf tree-1.6.0
+ /usr/bin/gzip -dc /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/tree-1.6.0.tgz
+ /usr/bin/tar -xf -
+ STATUS=0
+ '[' 0 -ne 0 ']'
+ cd tree-1.6.0
+ /usr/bin/chmod -Rf a+rX,u+w,g-w,o-w .
+ echo 'Patch #1 (tree-no-strip.patch):'
Patch #1 (tree-no-strip.patch):
+ /usr/bin/cat /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/tree-no-strip.patch
+ /usr/bin/patch -p1 -b --suffix .no-strip --fuzz=0
patching file Makefile
+ echo 'Patch #2 (tree-preserve-timestamps.patch):'
Patch #2 (tree-preserve-timestamps.patch):
+ /usr/bin/cat /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/tree-preserve-timestamps.patch
+ /usr/bin/patch -p1 -b --suffix .preserve-timestamps --fuzz=0
patching file Makefile
+ echo 'Patch #3 (tree-no-color-by-default.patch):'
Patch #3 (tree-no-color-by-default.patch):
+ /usr/bin/cat /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/tree-no-color-by-default.patch
+ /usr/bin/patch -p1 -b --suffix .no-color-by-default --fuzz=0
patching file tree.c
+ echo 'Patch #4 (tree-args.patch):'
Patch #4 (tree-args.patch):
+ /usr/bin/cat /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/tree-args.patch
+ /usr/bin/patch -p1 -b --suffix .args --fuzz=0
patching file tree.c
+ echo 'Patch #5 (tree-fixbufsiz.patch):'
Patch #5 (tree-fixbufsiz.patch):
+ /usr/bin/cat /root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/tree-fixbufsiz.patch
+ /usr/bin/patch -p1 -b --suffix .fixbufsiz --fuzz=0
patching file hash.c
patching file tree.h
+ exit 0
[root@localhost SPECS]#
生成rpm包
[root@localhost SPECS]# rpmbuild --bb tree.spec
安装rpm包
[root@localhost x86_64]# pwd
/root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64
[root@localhost x86_64]# rpm -ivh tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
最终目录结构
[root@localhost rpmbuild]# tree
.
├── BUILD 源代码与构建项目
│ └── tree-1.6.0
│ ├── CHANGES
│ ├── color.c
│ ├── color.o
│ ├── debugfiles.list
│ ├── debuglinks.list
│ ├── debugsources.list
│ ├── doc
│ │ ├── tree.1
│ │ ├── tree.1.fr
│ │ └── xml.dtd
│ ├── elfbins.list
│ ├── hash.c
│ ├── hash.c.fixbufsiz
│ ├── hash.o
│ ├── html.c
│ ├── html.o
│ ├── INSTALL
│ ├── LICENSE
│ ├── Makefile
│ ├── Makefile.no-strip
│ ├── Makefile.preserve-timestamps
│ ├── README
│ ├── strverscmp.c
│ ├── TODO
│ ├── tree
│ ├── tree.c
│ ├── tree.c.args
│ ├── tree.c.no-color-by-default
│ ├── tree.h
│ ├── tree.h.fixbufsiz
│ ├── tree.o
│ ├── unix.c
│ ├── unix.o
│ ├── xml.c
│ └── xml.o
├── BUILDROOT
├── RPMS 生成rpm包
│ └── x86_64
│ ├── tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
│ └── tree-debuginfo-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
├── SOURCES 源码
│ ├── tree-1.6.0.tgz
│ ├── tree-args.patch
│ ├── tree-fixbufsiz.patch
│ ├── tree-no-color-by-default.patch
│ ├── tree-no-strip.patch
│ └── tree-preserve-timestamps.patch
├── SPECS spec文件
│ └── tree.spec
└── SRPMS
9 directories, 43 files
为rpm添加补丁
-
修改源码 BUILD/tree.c,添加一行打印
int main(int argc, char **argv) { char **dirname = NULL; int i,j=0,n,p,q,dtotal,ftotal,colored = FALSE; struct stat st; char sizebuf[64]; off_t size = 0; mode_t mt; printf("new patch by kira"); -
备份、添加patch文件
[root@localhost BUILD]# cp -rf tree-1.6.0/ tree-1.6.0.orgin/ 先拷贝，再修改，再生成补丁 [root@localhost BUILD]# diff -upNr tree-1.6.0.orgin/ tree-1.6.0/ > ../SOURCES/tree-by-kira.patch -
修改spec文件
- 刷新个版本号
Release: 11%{?dist} - Patch5后面添加
Patch6: tree-by-kira.patch - %patch5后面添加一个新补丁
# by kira %patch6 -p1 -b .by_kira
- 刷新个版本号
-
再次构建二进制rpm
[root@localhost SPECS]# rpmbuild -ba tree.spec -
升级tree
[root@localhost x86_64]# rpm -Uvh tree-1.6.0-11.el7.x86_64.rpm 准备中... ################################# [100%] 正在升级/安装... 1:tree-1.6.0-11.el7 ################################# [ 50%] 正在清理/删除... 2:tree-1.6.0-10.el7 ################################# [100%] [root@localhost x86_64]# -
最终效果
[root@localhost x86_64]# tree new patch by kira ├── tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm ├── tree-1.6.0-11.el7.x86_64.rpm ├── tree-debuginfo-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm └── tree-debuginfo-1.6.0-11.el7.x86_64.rpm 0 directories, 4 files [root@localhost x86_64]#
