ByteCamp - Note1

AltrIA
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GO语言基础

切片

切片类似于c++中的vector，为可变长数组

// 声明一个切片，string类型，长度为3
// c++ :vector<string> s(3);
s := make([]string, 3)

// 随机访问
s[0] = "a"
s[1] = "b"
s[2] = "c"

// push_back
s = s.append(s, "d")
s = s.append(s, "e", "f")
fmt.Println(s)

作业

Guess Game

package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"math/rand"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"
)

func main() {
	maxNum := 100
	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
	secretNumber := rand.Intn(maxNum)
	// fmt.Println("The secret number is ", secretNumber)

	fmt.Println("Please input your guess")
	reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
	for {
		input, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Println("An error occured while reading input. Please try again", err)
			continue
		}
		input = strings.TrimSuffix(input, "\n")

		guess, err := strconv.Atoi(input)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Println("Invalid input. Please enter an integer value")
			continue
		}
		fmt.Println("You guess is", guess)
		if guess > secretNumber {
			fmt.Println("Your guess is bigger than the secret number. Please try again")
		} else if guess < secretNumber {
			fmt.Println("Your guess is smaller than the secret number. Please try again")
		} else {
			fmt.Println("Correct, you Legend!")
			break
		}
	}
}

translator

本模块使用了两个在线工具
curl转go
oktools json转go

新增搜索引擎

本文采用 DeepL在线翻译。使用浏览器的检查功能，找到传输数据的post包，使用curlconverter将其转换成go代码。

截屏2022-05-09 11.09.22.png

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	client := &http.Client{}
	var data = strings.NewReader(`{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method": "LMT_handle_jobs","params":{"jobs":[{"kind":"default","sentences":[{"text":"sl ee","id":0,"prefix":""}],"raw_en_context_before":[],"raw_en_context_after":[],"preferred_num_beams":4,"quality":"fast"}],"lang":{"preference":{"weight":{"DE":0.26466,"EN":0.4667,"ES":0.10235,"FR":0.16215,"IT":0.1255,"JA":0.04439,"NL":0.07424,"PL":0.02249,"PT":0.0194,"RU":0.01801,"ZH":0.3955,"BG":0.00198,"CS":0.01198,"DA":0.04979,"EL":0.0033,"ET":0.00666,"FI":0.00358,"HU":0.01643,"LT":0.00691,"LV":0.00418,"RO":0.00774,"SK":0.02502,"SL":0.00993,"SV":0.01514},"default":"default"},"source_lang_user_selected":"auto","target_lang":"ZH"},"priority":-1,"commonJobParams":{"browserType":1,"formality":null},"timestamp":1652061033338},"id":7740010}`)
	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://www2.deepl.com/jsonrpc?method=LMT_handle_jobs", data)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	req.Header.Set("authority", "www2.deepl.com")
	req.Header.Set("accept", "*/*")
	req.Header.Set("accept-language", "zh,en-GB;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7,zh-CN;q=0.6")
	req.Header.Set("content-type", "application/json")
	req.Header.Set("cookie", "__cf_bm=W.mnPqvfTWL1RPWOVQNTc7LR.IQl9rbzv3j8Tr7ZrIE-1652061004-0-Af18B65uLJhwtUi8YmUXxd4ZIkn1wITiUVwbWc2xquSmv7xTO8sQNQc84wn0sutQ1wk9lW+ktdIXBNrFumBDlwI=; dapUid=2a05c79c-9d58-4a01-9e40-e26e147da710; privacySettings=%7B%22v%22%3A%221%22%2C%22t%22%3A1652054400%2C%22m%22%3A%22LAX_AUTO%22%2C%22consent%22%3A%5B%22NECESSARY%22%2C%22PERFORMANCE%22%2C%22COMFORT%22%5D%7D; dapVn=1; LMTBID=v2|0753858d-df93-43df-a35f-f917b7fef2ef|7c3b2fe1bdf48854c351131dd7513ae0; dapSid=%7B%22sid%22%3A%22417691a7-03df-48db-8660-8783fd32b856%22%2C%22lastUpdate%22%3A1652061033%7D")
	req.Header.Set("origin", "https://www.deepl.com")
	req.Header.Set("referer", "https://www.deepl.com/")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua", `" Not A;Brand";v="99", "Chromium";v="101", "Google Chrome";v="101"`)
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-platform", `"macOS"`)
	req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-dest", "empty")
	req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-mode", "cors")
	req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-site", "same-site")
	req.Header.Set("user-agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/101.0.4951.54 Safari/537.36")
	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	bodyText, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText)
}

可以发现，查询的文本被包装在text字段，将这里修改为变量

func getHeader(word string) string {
	// 将text修改为%s用于组装变量
	var rawheader = `{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method": "LMT_handle_jobs","params":{"jobs":[{"kind":"default","sentences":[{"text":"%s","id":0,"prefix":""}],"raw_en_context_before":[],"raw_en_context_after":[],"preferred_num_beams":4,"quality":"fast"}],"lang":{"preference":{"weight":{"DE":0.26466,"EN":0.4667,"ES":0.10235,"FR":0.16215,"IT":0.1255,"JA":0.04439,"NL":0.07424,"PL":0.02249,"PT":0.0194,"RU":0.01801,"ZH":0.3955,"BG":0.00198,"CS":0.01198,"DA":0.04979,"EL":0.0033,"ET":0.00666,"FI":0.00358,"HU":0.01643,"LT":0.00691,"LV":0.00418,"RO":0.00774,"SK":0.02502,"SL":0.00993,"SV":0.01514},"default":"default"},"source_lang_user_selected":"auto","target_lang":"ZH"},"priority":-1,"commonJobParams":{"browserType":1,"formality":null},"timestamp":1652061033338},"id":7740010}`
	var header = fmt.Sprintf(rawheader, word)
	return header
}

接下来解析返回的json，这里使用了oktools. 可以发现翻译的结果在Result->Translations->Beams->Sentences->Text下，设置相应的输出结构

Result  struct {
		Translations []struct {
			Beams []struct {
				Sentences []struct {
					Text
                                        ...

// 输出
// fmt.Printf("%#v\n", dictResponse)
	for _, translation := range dictResponse.Result.Translations {
		for _, beam := range translation.Beams {
			for _, sentences := range beam.Sentences {
				fmt.Println(sentences.Text)
			}
		}
	}

并行请求两个翻译引擎来提高响应速度

目前只有一个简单粗暴的想法，使用一个waitGroup，计数为1，那么先结束的协程将计数减1，自然就输出了较快的答案。但是不知道主线程在协程前结束是否会产生问题，go有孤儿协程的机制吗？

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"strings"
	"sync"
)

type DictRequest struct {
	TransType string `json:"trans_type"`
	Source    string `json:"source"`
	UserID    string `json:"user_id"`
}

type DictResponse struct {
	Rc   int `json:"rc"`
	Wiki struct {
		KnownInLaguages int `json:"known_in_laguages"`
		Description     struct {
			Source string      `json:"source"`
			Target interface{} `json:"target"`
		} `json:"description"`
		ID   string `json:"id"`
		Item struct {
			Source string `json:"source"`
			Target string `json:"target"`
		} `json:"item"`
		ImageURL  string `json:"image_url"`
		IsSubject string `json:"is_subject"`
		Sitelink  string `json:"sitelink"`
	} `json:"wiki"`
	Dictionary struct {
		Prons struct {
			EnUs string `json:"en-us"`
			En   string `json:"en"`
		} `json:"prons"`
		Explanations []string      `json:"explanations"`
		Synonym      []string      `json:"synonym"`
		Antonym      []string      `json:"antonym"`
		WqxExample   [][]string    `json:"wqx_example"`
		Entry        string        `json:"entry"`
		Type         string        `json:"type"`
		Related      []interface{} `json:"related"`
		Source       string        `json:"source"`
	} `json:"dictionary"`
}
type DeeplDictResponse struct {
	Jsonrpc string `json:"jsonrpc"`
	ID      int    `json:"id"`
	Result  struct {
		Translations []struct {
			Beams []struct {
				Sentences []struct {
					Text string `json:"text"`
					Ids  []int  `json:"ids"`
				} `json:"sentences"`
				NumSymbols int `json:"num_symbols"`
			} `json:"beams"`
			Quality string `json:"quality"`
		} `json:"translations"`
		TargetLang            string `json:"target_lang"`
		SourceLang            string `json:"source_lang"`
		SourceLangIsConfident bool   `json:"source_lang_is_confident"`
		DetectedLanguages     struct {
			EN          float64 `json:"EN"`
			DE          float64 `json:"DE"`
			FR          float64 `json:"FR"`
			ES          float64 `json:"ES"`
			PT          float64 `json:"PT"`
			IT          float64 `json:"IT"`
			NL          float64 `json:"NL"`
			PL          float64 `json:"PL"`
			RU          float64 `json:"RU"`
			ZH          float64 `json:"ZH"`
			JA          float64 `json:"JA"`
			BG          float64 `json:"BG"`
			CS          float64 `json:"CS"`
			DA          float64 `json:"DA"`
			EL          float64 `json:"EL"`
			ET          float64 `json:"ET"`
			FI          float64 `json:"FI"`
			HU          float64 `json:"HU"`
			LT          float64 `json:"LT"`
			LV          float64 `json:"LV"`
			RO          float64 `json:"RO"`
			SK          float64 `json:"SK"`
			SL          float64 `json:"SL"`
			SV          float64 `json:"SV"`
			Unsupported float64 `json:"unsupported"`
		} `json:"detectedLanguages"`
	} `json:"result"`
}

func getHeader(word string) string {
	// 将text修改为%s用于组装变量
	var rawheader = `{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method": "LMT_handle_jobs","params":{"jobs":[{"kind":"default","sentences":[{"text":"%s","id":0,"prefix":""}],"raw_en_context_before":[],"raw_en_context_after":[],"preferred_num_beams":4,"quality":"fast"}],"lang":{"preference":{"weight":{"DE":0.26466,"EN":0.4667,"ES":0.10235,"FR":0.16215,"IT":0.1255,"JA":0.04439,"NL":0.07424,"PL":0.02249,"PT":0.0194,"RU":0.01801,"ZH":0.3955,"BG":0.00198,"CS":0.01198,"DA":0.04979,"EL":0.0033,"ET":0.00666,"FI":0.00358,"HU":0.01643,"LT":0.00691,"LV":0.00418,"RO":0.00774,"SK":0.02502,"SL":0.00993,"SV":0.01514},"default":"default"},"source_lang_user_selected":"auto","target_lang":"ZH"},"priority":-1,"commonJobParams":{"browserType":1,"formality":null},"timestamp":1652061033338},"id":7740010}`
	var header = fmt.Sprintf(rawheader, word)
	return header
}
func queryDeeplTranslate(text string) {
	client := &http.Client{}
	var data = strings.NewReader(getHeader(text))
	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://www2.deepl.com/jsonrpc?method=LMT_handle_jobs", data)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	req.Header.Set("authority", "www2.deepl.com")
	req.Header.Set("accept", "*/*")
	req.Header.Set("accept-language", "zh,en-GB;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7,zh-CN;q=0.6")
	req.Header.Set("content-type", "application/json")
	req.Header.Set("cookie", "__cf_bm=W.mnPqvfTWL1RPWOVQNTc7LR.IQl9rbzv3j8Tr7ZrIE-1652061004-0-Af18B65uLJhwtUi8YmUXxd4ZIkn1wITiUVwbWc2xquSmv7xTO8sQNQc84wn0sutQ1wk9lW+ktdIXBNrFumBDlwI=; dapUid=2a05c79c-9d58-4a01-9e40-e26e147da710; privacySettings=%7B%22v%22%3A%221%22%2C%22t%22%3A1652054400%2C%22m%22%3A%22LAX_AUTO%22%2C%22consent%22%3A%5B%22NECESSARY%22%2C%22PERFORMANCE%22%2C%22COMFORT%22%5D%7D; dapVn=1; LMTBID=v2|0753858d-df93-43df-a35f-f917b7fef2ef|7c3b2fe1bdf48854c351131dd7513ae0; dapSid=%7B%22sid%22%3A%22417691a7-03df-48db-8660-8783fd32b856%22%2C%22lastUpdate%22%3A1652061033%7D")
	req.Header.Set("origin", "https://www.deepl.com")
	req.Header.Set("referer", "https://www.deepl.com/")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua", `" Not A;Brand";v="99", "Chromium";v="101", "Google Chrome";v="101"`)
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-platform", `"macOS"`)
	req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-dest", "empty")
	req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-mode", "cors")
	req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-site", "same-site")
	req.Header.Set("user-agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/101.0.4951.54 Safari/537.36")
	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	bodyText, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	if resp.StatusCode != 200 {
		log.Fatal("bad StatusCode:", resp.StatusCode, "body", string(bodyText))
	}
	var dictResponse DeeplDictResponse
	err = json.Unmarshal(bodyText, &dictResponse)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	// fmt.Printf("%#v\n", dictResponse)
	for _, translation := range dictResponse.Result.Translations {
		for _, beam := range translation.Beams {
			for _, sentences := range beam.Sentences {
				fmt.Println(sentences.Text)
			}
		}
	}
}
func queryColorTranslate(word string) {
	client := &http.Client{}
	request := DictRequest{TransType: "en2zh", Source: word}
	buf, err := json.Marshal(request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	var data = bytes.NewReader(buf)
	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.interpreter.caiyunai.com/v1/dict", data)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	req.Header.Set("Connection", "keep-alive")
	req.Header.Set("DNT", "1")
	req.Header.Set("os-version", "")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/99.0.4844.51 Safari/537.36")
	req.Header.Set("app-name", "xy")
	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
	req.Header.Set("device-id", "")
	req.Header.Set("os-type", "web")
	req.Header.Set("X-Authorization", "token:qgemv4jr1y38jyq6vhvi")
	req.Header.Set("Origin", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Site", "cross-site")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Mode", "cors")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Dest", "empty")
	req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com/")
	req.Header.Set("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9")
	req.Header.Set("Cookie", "_ym_uid=16456948721020430059; _ym_d=1645694872")
	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()
	bodyText, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	if resp.StatusCode != 200 {
		log.Fatal("bad StatusCode:", resp.StatusCode, "body", string(bodyText))
	}
	var dictResponse DictResponse
	err = json.Unmarshal(bodyText, &dictResponse)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(word, "UK:", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.En, "US:", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.EnUs)
	for _, item := range dictResponse.Dictionary.Explanations {
		fmt.Println(item)
	}
}

var wg sync.WaitGroup

func main() {
	if len(os.Args) != 2 {
		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, `usage: simpleDict WORD
example: simpleDict hello
		`)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	word := os.Args[1]

	wg.Add(1)

	go func() {
		defer wg.Done()
		queryColorTranslate(word)
	}()

	go func() {
		defer wg.Done()
		queryDeeplTranslate(word)
	}()

	wg.Wait()

}
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