golang基础之在线词典 | 青训营笔记

这是我参与「第三届青训营 -后端场」笔记创作活动的的第一篇笔记

一、网络抓包

1）在彩云词典界面打开 f12 开发者模式

2）开发者模式窗口切换到networks

3）在彩云翻译中键入中文并翻译

4）找到对应翻译的请求dict，右击复制其cURL

二、代码转换

1）将复制得来的 cURl 粘贴到 “curl command” 窗口

2）复制得到的 GO 代码

三、代码解读（见注释）

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
        //未限制时间
	client := &http.Client{}
        //将字符串转化为流，只读且高效
	var data = strings.NewReader(`{"trans_type":"en2zh","source":"fluent"}`)
        //发起请求
	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.interpreter.caiyunai.com/v1/dict", data)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
        //设置一堆请求头
	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
	req.Header.Set("Accept-Language", "en-GB,en;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,zh-CN;q=0.7,zh;q=0.6")
	req.Header.Set("Connection", "keep-alive")
	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
	req.Header.Set("DNT", "1")
	req.Header.Set("Origin", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com")
	req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com/")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Dest", "empty")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Mode", "cors")
	req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Site", "cross-site")
	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/101.0.4951.54 Safari/537.36 Edg/101.0.1210.39")
	req.Header.Set("X-Authorization", "token:qgemv4jr1y38jyq6vhvi")
	req.Header.Set("app-name", "xy")
	req.Header.Set("os-type", "web")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua", `" Not A;Brand";v="99", "Chromium";v="101", "Microsoft Edge";v="101"`)
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
	req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-platform", `"Windows"`)
        //发起请求
	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
        //函数结束后自动关闭流，防止内存泄露
	defer resp.Body.Close()
        //阅读响应，将流转为byte数组存于内存
	bodyText, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
        //打印json字符串
	fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText)
}

代码执行后得到如下的json

{"rc":0,"wiki":{},"dictionary":{"prons":{"en-us":"[\u02c8flu\u0259nt]","en":"[\u02c8flu\u0259nt]"},"explanations":["a.\u6d41\u7545\u7684;\u6d41\u5229\u7684"],"synonym":[],"antonym":["faltering","stammering"],"wqx_example":[],"entry":"fluent","type":"word","related":[],"source":"wenquxing"}}

四、生成request body

1）修改个结构体，其成员与json元素一一对应

type DictRequest struct {
	TransType string `json:"trans_type"`
	Source    string `json:"source"`
	UserID    string `json:"user_id"`
}

2）代码替换

request := DictRequest{TransType: "en2zh", Source: word}
	buf, err := json.Marshal(request)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	var data = bytes.NewReader(buf)

替换

var data = strings.NewReader(`{"trans_type":"en2zh","source":"fluent"}`) 

五、解析response body

1）利用代码解析工具将json转为 go 结构体

2）修改代码

	err = json.Unmarshal(bodyText, &dictResponse)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("%#v\n", dictResponse)

将以上代码替换掉打印json的语句

六、修改修改字典输出

上一部会以json格式输出所有的信息，我们只需说明需要输出的部分

	fmt.Println(word, "UK:", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.En, "US:", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.EnUs)
	for _, item := range dictResponse.Dictionary.Explanations {
		fmt.Println(item)
	}

并添加当报文返回值不是200是的错误提示命令

if resp.StatusCode != 200 {
		log.Fatal("bad StatusCode:", resp.StatusCode, "body", string(bodyText))
	}

七、结果

输入中文你好，出现其英文翻译，成功！！！