这是我参与「第三届青训营 -后端场」笔记创作活动的的第一篇笔记

官方代码链接

问题汇总：

1、猜谜游戏

问题
直接运行官方代码时，可能会出现如下问题：即使输入的是数字，但仍然显示Invalid input.

原因：当从控制台读取输入参数时，Windows平台会在这个参数末尾自动加上\r\n

解决方法：参考博客

input = strings.TrimSuffix(input, "\n")

将上述代码修改为：

input = strings.TrimSuffix(input, "\r\n")

2、简易词典

直接运行官方代码时，可能会出现如下问题：不能自定义输入查询的单词

解决方法：若使用的是Goland，则直接打开Terminal终端，输入以下代码即可

go run simpledict/v4/main.go 自定义输入

如

go run simpledict/v4/main.go hello

3、Socks5

在Goland中运行proxy\v4\main.go的同时，需要开启另一个窗口，如CMD，输入

curl --socks5 127.0.0.1:1080 -v http://www.qq.com

此时，可在Goland中看到监听到的IP地址。

代码注释

1、猜谜游戏

package main

import (
   "bufio"
   "fmt"
   "math/rand"
   "os"
   "strconv"
   "strings"
   "time"
)

func main() {
   maxNum := 100
   rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) // 用时间戳来初始化随机数种子
   secretNumber := rand.Intn(maxNum)
   // fmt.Println("The secret number is ", secretNumber)

   fmt.Println("Please input your guess")
   reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin) // 将os.Stdin转换成只读的流
   for {
      input, err := reader.ReadString('\n') // 读取一行输入
      if err != nil {
         fmt.Println("An error occured while reading input. Please try again", err)
         continue
      }
      input = strings.TrimSuffix(input, "\r\n") // 去掉换行符

      guess, err := strconv.Atoi(input) // 转换成数字
      if err != nil {
         fmt.Println("Invalid input. Please enter an integer value")
         continue
      }
      fmt.Println("You guess is", guess)
      if guess > secretNumber {
         fmt.Println("Your guess is bigger than the secret number. Please try again")
      } else if guess < secretNumber {
         fmt.Println("Your guess is smaller than the secret number. Please try again")
      } else {
         fmt.Println("Correct, you Legend!")
         break
      }
   }
}

2、简易词典

package main

import (
   "bytes"
   "encoding/json"
   "fmt"
   "io/ioutil"
   "log"
   "net/http"
   "os"
)

type DictRequest struct {
   TransType string `json:"trans_type"`
   Source    string `json:"source"`
   UserID    string `json:"user_id"`
}

type DictResponse struct {
   Rc   int `json:"rc"`
   Wiki struct {
      KnownInLaguages int `json:"known_in_laguages"`
      Description     struct {
         Source string      `json:"source"`
         Target interface{} `json:"target"`
      } `json:"description"`
      ID   string `json:"id"`
      Item struct {
         Source string `json:"source"`
         Target string `json:"target"`
      } `json:"item"`
      ImageURL  string `json:"image_url"`
      IsSubject string `json:"is_subject"`
      Sitelink  string `json:"sitelink"`
   } `json:"wiki"`
   Dictionary struct {
      Prons struct {
         EnUs string `json:"en-us"`
         En   string `json:"en"`
      } `json:"prons"`
      Explanations []string      `json:"explanations"`
      Synonym      []string      `json:"synonym"`
      Antonym      []string      `json:"antonym"`
      WqxExample   [][]string    `json:"wqx_example"`
      Entry        string        `json:"entry"`
      Type         string        `json:"type"`
      Related      []interface{} `json:"related"`
      Source       string        `json:"source"`
   } `json:"dictionary"`
}

func query(word string) {
   client := &http.Client{}
   request := DictRequest{TransType: "en2zh", Source: word}
   buf, err := json.Marshal(request)
   if err != nil {
      log.Fatal(err)
   }
   var data = bytes.NewReader(buf)
   req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.interpreter.caiyunai.com/v1/dict", data) //创建请求
   if err != nil {
      log.Fatal(err)
   }
   //设置请求头
   req.Header.Set("Connection", "keep-alive")
   req.Header.Set("DNT", "1")
   req.Header.Set("os-version", "")
   req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
   req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/99.0.4844.51 Safari/537.36")
   req.Header.Set("app-name", "xy")
   req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
   req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
   req.Header.Set("device-id", "")
   req.Header.Set("os-type", "web")
   req.Header.Set("X-Authorization", "token:qgemv4jr1y38jyq6vhvi")
   req.Header.Set("Origin", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com")
   req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Site", "cross-site")
   req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Mode", "cors")
   req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Dest", "empty")
   req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com/")
   req.Header.Set("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9")
   req.Header.Set("Cookie", "_ym_uid=16456948721020430059; _ym_d=1645694872")
   resp, err := client.Do(req) //发起请求
   if err != nil {
      log.Fatal(err)
   }
   defer resp.Body.Close()                    //关闭流
   bodyText, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body) //读取响应
   if err != nil {
      log.Fatal(err)
   }

   // 检测返回的信息是否有问题
   if resp.StatusCode != 200 {
      log.Fatal("bad StatusCode:", resp.StatusCode, "body", string(bodyText))
   }

   var dictResponse DictResponse                 // 定义结构体变量
   err = json.Unmarshal(bodyText, &dictResponse) // 反序列化
   if err != nil {
      log.Fatal(err)
   }
   // fmt.Printf("%#v\n", dictResponse)
   // 输出
   fmt.Println(word, "UK:", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.En, "US:", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.EnUs)
   for _, item := range dictResponse.Dictionary.Explanations {
      fmt.Println(item)
   }
}

func main() {
   // go run simpledict/v4/main.go hello
   if len(os.Args) != 2 {
      fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, `usage: simpleDict WORD
example: simpleDict hello
      `)
      os.Exit(1)
   }
   word := os.Args[1]
   query(word)
}