在DockerHub中选择需要的镜像时，经常会看到镜像tags中各种后缀名，以Pyhton官方镜像为例
包含的后缀可以大致分为四类：
无后缀 bullseye buster
表明该镜像基于Debian Linux镜像。
无后缀一般表示镜像基于buildpack-deps构建。
有后缀的，可以根据后缀确定Debian版本，当你需要在此镜像上安装其他包时，后缀可以作为确定Debian版本的依据。
官方建议，当你的系统中包含许多不同镜像时，推荐使用无后缀tags。此类镜像基于buildpack-deps构建，该镜像包含了大量常用debian包，这会减少基于该镜像构建的其他镜像需要额外安装的包，从而减小系统中镜像的总大小。
| 版本 | 代号 |
|---|---|
| Debian 11 | bullseye |
| Debian 10 | buster |
| Debian 9 | stretch |
| Debian 8 | jessie |
This is the defacto image. If you are unsure about what your needs are, you probably want to use this one. It is designed to be used both as a throw away container (mount your source code and start the container to start your app), as well as the base to build other images off of.
Some of these tags may have names like bullseye or buster in them. These are the suite code names for releases of Debian and indicate which release the image is based on. If your image needs to install any additional packages beyond what comes with the image, you'll likely want to specify one of these explicitly to minimize breakage when there are new releases of Debian.
This tag is based off of
buildpack-deps.buildpack-depsis designed for the average user of Docker who has many images on their system. It, by design, has a large number of extremely common Debian packages. This reduces the number of packages that images that derive from it need to install, thus reducing the overall size of all images on your system.
alpine
表明该镜像基于alpine Linux镜像 打包。alpineLinux镜像的优势在于大小只有5M左右。
需要注意的是，alpine没有使用标准glibc，并缺失某些常用工具（如git或bash）。
This image is based on the popular Alpine Linux project, available in the
alpineofficial image. Alpine Linux is much smaller than most distribution base images (~5MB), and thus leads to much slimmer images in general.
This variant is useful when final image size being as small as possible is your primary concern. The main caveat to note is that it does use musl libc instead of glibc and friends, so software will often run into issues depending on the depth of their libc requirements/assumptions. See this Hacker News comment thread for more discussion of the issues that might arise and some pro/con comparisons of using Alpine-based images.
To minimize image size, it's uncommon for additional related tools (such as
gitorbash) to be included in Alpine-based images. Using this image as a base, add the things you need in your own Dockerfile (see thealpineimage description for examples of how to install packages if you are unfamiliar).
windowsservercore
表明该镜像基于windowServerCore镜像打包。
This image is based on Windows Server Core (
microsoft/windowsservercore). As such, it only works in places which that image does, such as Windows 10 Professional/Enterprise (Anniversary Edition) or Windows Server 2016.
slim
表明该镜像为最小安装包，仅包含运行目标程序的必要工具。一般不推荐使用。
This image does not contain the common packages contained in the default tag and only contains the minimal packages needed to run
python. Unless you are working in an environment where only thepythonimage will be deployed and you have space constraints, we highly recommend using the default image of this repository.
