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我的图床仓库（万一没网进不去了呢）
在压缩安装后可更改端口，需注意同一库下，只可同时运行一个数据库。
修改端口后无需再次创建数据库对象，重新启动即可。
在命令行下修改数据库加密插件
linux下安装MySQL
lcl@us:~$ cat /etc/os-release 查看当前系统
查看MySQL当前运行状态，如遇图中所示，退不出去按ctrl+c即可退出。
mysql> select version(); 查看mysql当前版本
contos7安装指定版本
**安装指定mysql版本**
http://ftp.ntu.edu.tw/MySQL/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/
MySQL-5.6.36-1.el7.src.rpm
MySQL-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
MySQL-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar.asc
MySQL-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar.md5
注意： el6标识centos 6，el7标识centos 7
下载[MySQL-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar](http://ftp.ntu.edu.tw/MySQL/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar)
\2. 环境检查
2.1 centos版本
PC server X86系列：
I386—I686都是32位
x86_64是64位
查看系统版本：cat /etc/os-release 或 cat /etc/redhat-release
查看内核版本：uname -a
2.2 卸载MariaDB
注意：centos7默认自带mariadb
查看当前安装的mariadb包：rpm –qa|grep mariadb
强制卸载： rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
2.3 检查MySQL
rpm -qa|grep -i mysql
查找mysql文件夹
find / -name mysql
删除配置文档
rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
再次查找机器是否安装mysql
rpm -qa|grep -i mysql
\3. 安装MySQL
3.1 安装
rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
或者：rpm -ivh MySQL-*.rpm
3.2 移动配置文件
#默认/etc下无配置文件，可把模板配置文件复制过来
cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
3.3 设置root密码
#启动mysql
service mysql start
#查看root账号密码
cat /root/.mysql_secret
#使用上一步查到的密码如NeHgMTRaW2gc2EXf登陆
mysql -uroot –pNeHgMTRaW2gc2EXf
#设置密码为123456
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
mysql> exit
3.4 远程登录用户设置
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;
#操作完切记刷新权限
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit
设置MySQL外网连接
ubuntu下
sudo mysql -uroot 进入数据库
mysql> show databases
-> ;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.04 sec)
mysql> select version();
+-------------------------+
| version() |
+-------------------------+
| 8.0.28-0ubuntu0.20.04.3 |
+-------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select host,user,plugin from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| host | user | plugin |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| % | lcl | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | debian-sys-maint | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.session | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.sys | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | root | auth_socket |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create user lzb identified by'819819';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> select host,user,plugin,account_locked from mysql.user
-> ;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+----------------+
| host | user | plugin | account_locked |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+----------------+
| % | lcl | caching_sha2_password | N |
| % | lzb | caching_sha2_password | N |
| localhost | debian-sys-maint | caching_sha2_password | N |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | Y |
| localhost | mysql.session | caching_sha2_password | Y |
| localhost | mysql.sys | caching_sha2_password | Y |
| localhost | root | auth_socket | N |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+----------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
修改加密插件
退出数据库修改mysqld.cnf文件中的限制网址，注释掉127开头的ip即可**
lcl@us:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d$ cat mysqld.cnf
#
# The MySQL database server configuration file.
#
# One can use all long options that the program supports.
# Run program with --help to get a list of available options and with
# --print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html
# Here is entries for some specific programs
# The following values assume you have at least 32M ram
[mysqld]
#
# * Basic Settings
#
user = mysql
# pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
# socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
# port = 3306
# datadir = /var/lib/mysql
# If MySQL is running as a replication slave, this should be
# changed. Ref https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_tmpdir
# tmpdir = /tmp
#
# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
#bind-address = 127.0.0.1
#mysqlx-bind-address = 127.0.0.1
#
# * Fine Tuning
#
key_buffer_size = 16M
# max_allowed_packet = 64M
# thread_stack = 256K
# thread_cache_size = -1
# This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed
# the first time they are touched
myisam-recover-options = BACKUP
# max_connections = 151
# table_open_cache = 4000
#
# * Logging and Replication
#
# Both location gets rotated by the cronjob.
#
# Log all queries
# Be aware that this log type is a performance killer.
# general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/query.log
# general_log = 1
#
# Error log - should be very few entries.
#
log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log
#
# Here you can see queries with especially long duration
# slow_query_log = 1
# slow_query_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
# long_query_time = 2
# log-queries-not-using-indexes
#
# The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication.
# note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about
# other settings you may need to change.
# server-id = 1
# log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
# binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 2592000
max_binlog_size = 100M
# binlog_do_db = include_database_name
# binlog_ignore_db = include_database_name
lcl@us:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d$ sudo vim mysqld.cnf
sudo systemctl restart mysql 重启数据库
sudo systemctl status mysql 查看数据库状态
**在MySQL中设置外网账号**
mysql> create user a1 identified by ‘a1’;
mysql> grant all on *.* to a1;
contos下
mysql内的设置和Ubuntu一样
系统设置把etc 目录下的my.cnf 修改添加
port=3306
bind-address=0.0.0.0
即可
然后开放防火墙3306端口，重新启动防火墙
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --state
running
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
success
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
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