java实现多线程的几种方式

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写在之前

深夜水文,聊聊多线程的不同实现方式吧

继承Thread实现

//继承Thread类,重写Run方法,调用start方法
public class ThreadThread extends Thread{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println ("Thread实现");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ThreadThread threadDemo = new ThreadThread ();
        threadDemo.start ();
    }
}

优点:代码编写简单

缺点:不能继承其他类拓展性差

实现Runnable接口

//实现Runnable接口,重写Run方法,将Runnable接口的实现类通过Thread类的构造方法传入,调用start方法
public class ThreadRunnable implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println ("Runnable方式实现");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        Thread thread = new Thread (new ThreadRunnable ());
//        thread.start ();
        //lambda实现
        Thread thread = new Thread (() -> {
            System.out.println ("Runnable方式实现");
        });
        thread.start ();
    }
}

优点:可以实现多个接口,可以再继承一个类,拓展性好

缺点:没返回值,不能直接启动

通过callable接口和FutureTask类实现

//实现callable接口,实现call方法,结合FutureTask类实现
public class ThreadTask implements Callable {
    @Override
    public Object call() throws Exception {
        System.out.println ("Callable实现");
        return "Callable";
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread thread = new Thread (new FutureTask<Object> (new ThreadTask ()));
        thread.start ();
    }
}

优点:有返回值,拓展性高

缺点:jdk5以后才支持,需要多个类结合实现

线程池实现

//实现Runnable接口,实现run方法,创建线程池,传入Runnable接口实现类
public class ThreadPool implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println ("线程池实现");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool (3);
        executorService.execute (new ThreadPool ());
        
        executorService.shutdown ();
    }
}

优点:安全 性能高

缺点:jdk5以后才支持,需要结合Runnable接口使用