GUI编程(2020.7.12-2020.7.25)
1.简介
核心：Swing,AWT
- 因为界面不美观
- 需要jre环境
为什么要学习？
- 可以写出自己的一些小工具
- 了解MVC架构，了解监听
2.AWT
2.1AWT介绍
1.很多类和接口，GUI
2.元素：窗口，按钮，文本框
2.java.awt
2.2组建和容器(无限嵌套)
1.Frame界面（最顶级）
import java.awt.*;
//第一个GUI界面
public class TestFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Frame窗口");
//需要设置可见性
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置窗口大小
frame.setSize(400,400);
//设计背景颜色
frame.setBackground(new Color(8, 232, 214));
//初始位置
frame.setLocation(200,200);
//设置大小固定
frame.setResizable(false);
}
}
//展示多个窗口
public class TestFrame2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame1 = new MyFrame(100,100,200,200,Color.BLUE);
Frame frame2 = new MyFrame(300,100,200,200,Color.RED);
Frame frame3 = new MyFrame(100,300,200,200,Color.YELLOW);
Frame frame4 = new MyFrame(300,300,200,200,Color.PINK);
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
private static int id = 0;
public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color) {
super("Frame" + (++id));
setBackground(color);
setBounds(x,y,w,h);
setVisible(true);
}
}
2.面板panel
//面板,是一个空间，不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("测试Panel");
Panel panel1 = new Panel();
Panel panel2 = new Panel();
//设置布局
frame.setLayout(null);
//坐标
frame.setBounds(200,200,500,500);
frame.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置panel1坐标
panel1.setBounds(50,50,100,200);
panel1.setBackground(new Color(243, 214, 0));
//设置panel2坐标
panel2.setBounds(400,200,50,50);
panel2.setBackground(new Color(0, 214, 0));
//加入到Frame
frame.add(panel1);
frame.add(panel2);
//监听事件，关闭窗口
//适配器模式
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//关闭窗口
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
3.布局管理器
- 流式布局
//流式布局
public class TestFlowLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("FlowLayout(流式布局)");
frame.setBounds(200,200,500,400);
frame.setVisible(true);
//组件-按钮
Button button1 = new Button("bt1");
Button button2 = new Button("bt2");
Button button3 = new Button("bt3");
//设置流式布局
// frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
// frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
// frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEADING));
//按钮添加
frame.add(button1);
frame.add(button2);
frame.add(button3);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
- 东西南北中
//东西南北中布局
public class TestBorerLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("borerLayout(东西南北中)");
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setBounds(200,200,600,400);
frame.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
//组件
Button north = new Button("north");
Button south = new Button("south");
Button west = new Button("west");
Button east = new Button("east");
Button center = new Button("center");
//设置布局
frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
//关闭
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
表格布局
package com.heng.lesson01.Layout;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/*
* Editor: 张恒
* tel： XXXXXXXXXXXXX
* Wechat：zh17530588817
* date: 2021/4/23/12:07
*/
//表格布局
public class GridLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("GridLayout(东西南北中)");
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setBounds(200,200,600,400);
frame.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
//组件
Button bt1 = new Button("bt1");
Button bt2 = new Button("bt2");
Button bt3 = new Button("bt3");
Button bt4 = new Button("bt4");
Button bt5 = new Button("bt5");
Button bt6 = new Button("bt6");
frame.setLayout(new java.awt.GridLayout(3,2));
frame.add(bt1);
frame.add(bt2);
frame.add(bt3);
frame.add(bt4);
frame.add(bt5);
frame.add(bt6);
frame.pack(); //java函数，自动计算最佳布局
//退出
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
-
测试布局
//test布局 public class TestMine { public static void main(String[] args) { Frame frame = new Frame("testMine"); Panel panel1 = new Panel(); Panel panel2 = new Panel(); Button bt1 = new Button("bt1"); Button bt2 = new Button("bt2"); Button bt3 = new Button("bt3"); Button bt4 = new Button("bt4"); Button bt5 = new Button("bt5"); Button bt6 = new Button("bt6"); Button bt7 = new Button("bt7"); Button bt8 = new Button("bt8"); Button bt9 = new Button("bt9"); Button bt0 = new Button("bt0"); frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,3,20,20)); frame.add(bt1); frame.add(panel1); frame.add(bt2); frame.add(bt3); frame.add(panel2); frame.add(bt4); panel1.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,15)); panel1.add(bt5); panel1.add(bt6); panel1.setBackground(Color.YELLOW); panel2.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2,10,10)); panel2.add(bt7); panel2.add(bt8); panel2.add(bt9); panel2.add(bt0); frame.setVisible(true); frame.setBounds(200,200,500,400); frame.setBackground(Color.CYAN); frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { @Override public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { System.exit(0); } }); } }
4.事件监听
ActionListerner类
//事件监听
public class TestActionListerner {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("事件监听");
Button bt1 = new Button("bt1");
Button bt2 = new Button("bt2");
Button bt3 = new Button("quit!");
MyactionListener myactionListener = new MyactionListener();
bt1.addActionListener(myactionListener);
bt2.addActionListener(myactionListener);
bt3.addActionListener(myactionListener);
frame.add(bt1,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(bt2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(bt3,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.pack();
close(frame);
}
private static void close(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
class MyactionListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("msg : " + e.getActionCommand());
if (e.getActionCommand().equals("bt1")){
System.out.println("hello bt111111!!");
}else if (e.getActionCommand().equals("bt2")){
System.out.println("hihi,bt2222!");
}else {
System.out.println("Over！！");
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
5.输入框TextField
//输入框TextField
public class TestTextField {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame("TestTextField");
close(myFrame);
}
private static void close(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
public MyFrame(String label){
super(label);
TextField textField = new TextField();
add(textField);
MyTextListener myTextListener = new MyTextListener();
textField.addActionListener(myTextListener);
setVisible(true);
pack();
}
}
class MyTextListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
TextField textField = (TextField) e.getSource(); //获得一个对象
System.out.println(textField.getText());
textField.setText(""); //按下回车键后清除
}
}
