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golang 中有个 httptest 包可以用来测试 http 接口
httptest 方法介绍
NewRequest
NewRequest 方法用来创建一个 http 的请求体。
方法说明：
func NewRequest(method, target string, body io.Reader) *http.Request
- method 参数表示测试的接口的 HTTP 方法。
- target 参数表示接口定义的路由。
- body 参数表示请求体。
NewRecorder(响应体)
func NewRecorder() *ResponseRecorder
NewRecorder 方法用来创建 http 的响应体。返回的类型是 *httptest.ResponseRecorder ，包含接口返回信息，等价于 http.ResponseWriter。
看个 http get 例子：
// Req: http://localhost:1234/upper?word=abc
// Res: ABC
func TestUpperCaseHandler(t *testing.T) {
req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/upper?word=abc", nil)
w := httptest.NewRecorder()
UpperCaseHandler(w, req)
res := w.Result()
defer res.Body.Close()
data, err := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("expected error to be nil got %v", err)
}
if string(data) != "ABC" {
t.Errorf("expected ABC got %v", string(data))
}
}
func UpperCaseHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
query, err := url.ParseQuery(r.URL.RawQuery)
if err != nil {
w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
fmt.Fprintf(w, "invalid request")
return
}
word := query.Get("word")
if len(word) == 0 {
w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
fmt.Fprintf(w, "missing word")
return
}
w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
fmt.Fprintf(w, strings.ToUpper(word))
}
运行结果如下：
=== RUN TestUpperCaseHandler
--- PASS: TestUpperCaseHandler (0.00s)
PASS
再看一个 post 请求 例子 ：
// 业务代码
func UpperCaseHandle1(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(r.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
str := string(body)
mp := make(map[string]string)
err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(str), &mp)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
}
word := mp["params"]
if len(word) == 0 {
w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
fmt.Fprintf(w, "missing word")
return
}
w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
fmt.Fprintf(w, strings.ToUpper(word))
}
func Test_testApi(t *testing.T) {
tests := []struct {
name string
}{
{
name: "test api",
},
}
for _, tt := range tests {
t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(UpperCaseHandle1))
defer ts.Close()
params := make(map[string]string)
params["params"] = "paramsBody"
paramsByte, _ := json.Marshal(params)
resp, err := http.Post(ts.URL, "application/json", bytes.NewBuffer(paramsByte))
if err != nil {
t.Error(err)
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
t.Log(resp.StatusCode)
if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusCreated && resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
t.Error(string(body))
}
})
}
}
执行结果：
=== RUN Test_testApi
--- PASS: Test_testApi (208.72s)
=== RUN Test_testApi/test_api
{"params":"paramsBody"}
http_close_resp_test.go:107: 200
--- PASS: Test_testApi/test_api (208.72s)
PASS
