STL常用拷贝和替换算法
算法简介:
- copy //容器内指定范围的元素拷贝到另一个容器中
- replace //将容器内指定范围的旧元素修改为新元素
- replace_if //容器内指定范围满足条件的元素替换为新元素
- swap //互换两个容器的元素
函数原型:
- capy(iterator beg , iterator end , iterator dest);
- //按值查找元素,找到返回指定位置迭代器,找不到返回结束迭代器位置
- //beg开始迭代器
- //end结束迭代器
- //dest目标起始迭代器
示例:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
void MyPrint(int val)
{
cout << val << " ";
}
void test01()
{
vector<int>v1;
for (int i = 0;i < 10;i++)
{
v1.push_back(i);
}
vector<int>v2;
v2.resize(v1.size());
copy(v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin());
for_each(v2.begin(), v2.end(), MyPrint);
cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
函数原型:
- replace(iterator beg , iterator end , oldvalue , newvalue
- //将区间内旧元素 替换成 新元素
- //beg开始迭代器
- //end结束迭代器
- //oldvalue 旧元素
- //newvalue 新元素
示例:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
class MyPrint
{
public:
void operator()(int val)
{
cout << val << " ";
}
};
void test01()
{
vector<int>v;
v.push_back(10);
v.push_back(10);
v.push_back(30);
v.push_back(30);
v.push_back(20);
v.push_back(20);
v.push_back(40);
cout << "替换前:" << endl;
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), MyPrint());
cout << endl;
replace(v.begin(), v.end(), 20, 2000);
cout << "替换后:" << endl;
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), MyPrint());
cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
函数原型:
- replace_if(iterator beg , iterator end , _pred , newvalue
- //将条件替换元素,满足条件的替换成指定元素
- //beg开始迭代器
- //end结束迭代器
- //_pred 谓词
- //newvalue 新元素
示例:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
class MyPrint
{
public:
void operator()(int val)
{
cout << val << " ";
}
};
class Greater30
{
public:
bool operator()(int val)
{
return val >= 30;
}
};
void test01()
{
vector<int>v;
v.push_back(10);
v.push_back(10);
v.push_back(40);
v.push_back(40);
v.push_back(30);
v.push_back(30);
v.push_back(20);
v.push_back(20);
cout << "替换前:" << endl;
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), MyPrint());
cout << endl;
replace_if(v.begin(), v.end(), Greater30(), 3000);
cout << "替换后:" << endl;
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), MyPrint());
cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
函数原型:
- swap(container c1 , container c2);
- //互换两个容器的元素
- //c1容器1
- //c2容器2
示例:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
class MyPrint
{
public:
void operator()(int val)
{
cout << val << " ";
}
};
void test01()
{
vector<int>v1;
vector<int>v2;
for (int i = 0;i < 10;i++)
{
v1.push_back(i);
v2.push_back(i + 1);
}
cout << "替换前:" << endl;
for_each(v1.begin(), v1.end(), MyPrint());
cout << endl;
for_each(v2.begin(), v2.end(), MyPrint());
cout << endl;
swap(v1, v2);
cout << "替换后:" << endl;
for_each(v1.begin(), v1.end(), MyPrint());
cout << endl;
for_each(v2.begin(), v2.end(), MyPrint());
cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}