创建文件夹
mkdir /home/oracle/backup
mkdir /home/oracle/backup/script
mkdir /home/oracle/backup/log
mkdir /home/oracle/backup/export
**--**备份目的地址
mkdir /home/oracle/rman_backup
创建备份表空间
create tablespace rman_tbs datafile '/oradata/RH/rman_tbs01.dbf' size 1024M;
创建用户
create user rman identified by rman default tablespace rman_tbs temporary tablespace temp;
grant connect,resource ,recovery_catalog_owner to rman;
rman catalog rman/rman
create catalog tablespace rman_tbs;
connect target sys/RHwhx@RH
register database;
report schema;
configure retention policy to redundancy 2;
configure retention policy to recovery window of 7 days;
-- 倒出 RMAN 用户资料脚本 exp_rman.par ( 即 备份 catalog 库 ）
userid=rman/rman
file=/home/oracle/backup/export/rman.dmp
log=/home/oracle/backup/log/rman.log
-- 倒出 RMAN 数据 SHELL 脚本 exp_rman.sh
#!/bin/bash
cd HOME/backup/script
exp parfile=exp_rman.par
-- 零级 RMAN 脚本 level0_backup.rcv
connect catalog rman/rman
connect target sys/unumall@unu2
run {
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 14 DAYS;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
allocate channel d1 type disk;
allocate channel d2 type disk;
backup incremental level 0 database format '/home/oracle/rman_backup/level0_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak'
tag='level 0' include current controlfile;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/rman_backup/log_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak' delete all input;
release channel d2;
release channel d1;
}
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
resync catalog;
-- 零级备份 SHELL 脚本 的 level0_backup.sh
#!/bin/bash
cd HOME/backup/script
rman cmdfile=level0_backup.rcv msglog=$HOME/backup/log/level0_backup.log
. /home/oracle/backup/script/exp_rman.sh
-- 一级差异 增量 备份 RMAN 脚本 level1_backup.rcv
connect catalog rman/rman
connect target sys/RH@RH
run {
allocate channel d1 type disk;
backup incremental level 1 format '/home/oracle/rman_backup/level1_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak' tag = 'level 1' database;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/rman_backup/log_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak' delete all input;
release channel d1;
}
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
resync catalog;
-- 一级差异增量备份 SHELL 脚本 level1_backup.sh
#!/bin/bash
cd HOME/backup/log/level1.log
. /home/oracle/backup/script/exp_rman.sh
-- 二级差异增量备份 RMAN 脚本 level2_backup.rcv
connect catalog rman/rman
connect target sys/RH@RH
run {
allocate channel d1 type disk;
backup incremental level 2 format '/home/oracle/rman_backup/level2_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak' tag = 'level 2' database;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/rman_backup/log_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak' delete all input;
release channel d1;
}
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
resync catalog;
-- 二级差异增量备份 SHELL 脚本 level2_backup.sh
#!/bin/bash
cd $HOME
source .bash_profile
cd /home/oracle/backup/script
rman cmdfile=level2_backup.rcv msglog=$HOME/backup/log/level2.log
. /home/oracle/backup/script/exp_rman.sh
提高 RMAN 增量 备份 性能
alter database enable block change tracking using file
'/u01/app/oracle/admin/devdb/bdump/RH.log';
desc v$block_change_tracking;
linux下定时执行备份脚本
crontab -e -u oracle
SHELL=/bin/bash --以下脚本在bash下執行
MAILTO=oracle --执行日志以邮件形式给oracle用戶，可以/var/spool/mail/oracle下查收
10 1 * * 0 /home/oracle/backup/script/level0_backup.sh
10 1 * * 1 /home/oracle/backup/script/level2_backup.sh
10 1 * * 2 /home/oracle/backup/script/level2_backup.sh
10 1 * * 3 /home/oracle/backup/script/level1_backup.sh
10 1 * * 4 /home/oracle/backup/script/level2_backup.sh
10 1 * * 5 /home/oracle/backup/script/level2_backup.sh
10 1 * * 6 /home/oracle/backup/script/level2_backup.sh
一周差异备份策略：
备份目标库和catalog库
周日0级全备，周一周二为2级，周三1级，周四周五周六为2级。
每天淩晨1点10分开始备份
\
--查看添加的任务： crontab -l
--crontab的格式：
minutes|hours|day of month|month|day of week|
--启动crond：
/sbin/service crond start //启动服务
/sbin/service crond stop //关闭服务
/sbin/service crond restart //重启服务
/sbin/service crond reload //重新载入配置
