一、ConfigParser简介
ConfigParser 是用来读取配置文件的包。配置文件的格式如下:中括号“[ ]”内包含的为section。section 下面为类似于key-value 的配置内容。
1:[db]2:db_host = 127.0.0.13:db_port = 224:db_user = root5:db_pass = rootroot6:7:[concurrent]8:thread = 109:processor = 20
中括号“[ ]”内包含的为section。紧接着section 为类似于key-value 的options 的配置内容。
二、ConfigParser 初始工作
使用ConfigParser 首选需要初始化实例,并读取配置文件:
1:cf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()2:cf.read( "配置文件名")
三、ConfigParser 常用方法
1. 获取所有sections。也就是将配置文件中所有“[ ]”读取到列表中:
1:s = cf.sections()2:print 'section:', s
将输出(以下将均以简介中配置文件为例):
1:section: ['db', 'concurrent']
2. 获取指定section 的options。即将配置文件某个section 内key 读取到列表中:
1:o = cf.options( "db")2:print 'options:', o
将输出:
1:options: ['db_host', 'db_port', 'db_user', 'db_pass']
3. 获取指定section 的配置信息。
1:v = cf.items( "db")2:print 'db:', v
将输出:
1:db: [('db_host', '127.0.0.1'), ('db_port', '22'), ('db_user', 'root'), ('db_pass', 'rootroot')]
4. 按照类型读取指定section 的option 信息。
同样的还有getfloat、getboolean。
1:#可以按照类型读取出来2:db_host = cf.get( "db", "db_host")3:db_port = cf.getint( "db", "db_port")4:db_user = cf.get( "db", "db_user")5:db_pass = cf.get( "db", "db_pass")6:7:# 返回的是整型的8:threads = cf.getint( "concurrent", "thread")9:processors = cf.getint( "concurrent", "processor")10:11:print "db_host:", db_host12:print "db_port:", db_port13:print "db_user:", db_user14:print "db_pass:", db_pass15:print "thread:", threads16:print "processor:", processors
将输出:
1:db_host: 127.0.0.12:db_port: 223:db_user: root4:db_pass: rootroot5:thread: 106:processor: 20
5. 设置某个option 的值。(记得最后要写回)
1:cf.set( "db", "db_pass", "zhaowei")2:cf.write(open( "test.conf", "w"))
6.添加一个section。(同样要写回)
1:cf.add_section('liuqing')2:cf.set('liuqing', 'int', '15')3:cf.set('liuqing', 'bool', ' true')4:cf.set('liuqing', 'float', '3.1415')5:cf.set('liuqing', 'baz', 'fun')6:cf.set('liuqing', 'bar', 'Python')7:cf.set('liuqing', 'foo', '%(bar)s is %(baz)s!')8:cf.write(open( "test.conf", "w"))
7. 移除section 或者option 。(只要进行了修改就要写回的哦)
1:cf.remove_option('liuqing','int')2:cf.remove_section('liuqing')3:cf.write(open( "test.conf", "w"))\
点击(此处)折叠或打开
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#!/usr/bin/env python\
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fromConfigParserimportConfigParser\
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CONFIGFILE="f.txt"\
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config=ConfigParser()\
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config.read(CONFIGFILE)\
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printconfig.get('messages','greeting')\
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radius=input(config.get('messages','questions')+' ')\
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printconfig.get('messages','result')\
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printconfig.getfloat('numbers','pi')*radius**2\
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\
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s=config.sections()\
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print'section: ',s\
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o=config.options('messages')\
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print'messages option: ',o\
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v=config.items("messages")\
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print'message de xinxi: ',v\
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\
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config.add_section('liuyang1')\
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config.set('liuyang1','int','15')\
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config.set('liuyang'1,'hhhh','hello world')\
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config.write(open("f.txt","w"))\
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printconfig.get('liuyang1','int')\
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printconfig.get('liuyang1','hhhh')\
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#!/usr/bin/env python\
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importConfigParser\
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importsys\
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config=ConfigParser.ConfigParser()\
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config.add_section("book1")\
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config.set("book1","title","hello world")\
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config.set("book1","aut","log")\
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config.write(open("f.txt","w"))