软件源更换国内源以及下载命令

• 下载命令

  # -c 表示下载断了的话仍然从断点处继续下载, addr 就是自己要下的地址
  wget -c addr --no-check-certificate 
  

更换软件源

• 查看ubuntu代号,获取Codename字段

  zhouqinan@zhouqinan-Lenovo:~$ lsb_release -a
  No LSB modules are available.
  Distributor ID: Ubuntu
  Description:    Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS
  Release:        18.04
  Codename:       bionic    
  

• 确认国内源
  • 借助该网站
    模板:18.04source - Ubuntu中文
    1. 选定自己的源
    2. 复制模板出来
• 三个东西齐了: 模板, 源地址, Codename
  • 将模板命名为 sources.list
  • 替换
    • 将选定的源地址替换模板中的源地址
    • 将Codename 替换 源地址上的Codenmae字段(即地址后面间隔一个空格的字符串,比如bionic)
      一份示例如下 sources.list

    # 阿里云源
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    ##測試版源
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    # 源碼
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    ##測試版源
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    
    # 清华大学源
    deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    ##測試版源
    deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    # 源碼
    deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    ##測試版源
    deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    

• 配置文件安装上系统
  • 原来的东西先备份

    sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bcakup
    

  • 拷贝到系统目录下

    sudo cp ./sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list 
    

  • 更新

    # 这个就是一个编辑的命令不需要了
    # sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
    sudo apt-get update  
    sudo apt-get upgrade