综合
虚拟DOM存在的必要条件是得先有VNode，那么VNode又是从哪儿来的呢？
把用户写的模板进行编译，就会产生VNode
Vue会把用户在<template></template>标签中写的类似于原生HTML的内容进行编译
经过一系列的逻辑处理生成渲染函数，也就是render函数
而render函数会将模板内容生成对应的VNode
用户在<template></template>标签中写的类似于原生HTML的内容进行编译，把原生HTML的内容找出来，再把非原生HTML找出来，经过一系列的逻辑处理生成渲染函数，也就是render函数的这一段过程称之为模板编译过程。
内部流程
抽象语法树AST
流程
将一堆字符串模板解析成抽象语法树AST后，我们就可以对其进行各种操作处理了，处理完后用处理后的AST来生成render函数
- 模板解析阶段：将一堆模板字符串用正则等方式解析成抽象语法树
AST； - 优化阶段：遍历
AST，找出其中的静态节点，并打上标记； - 代码生成阶段：将
AST转换成渲染函数；
模板解析器src/compiler/parser/index.js
parser 解析器
解析器不可能只有一个，它应该除了有解析常规HTML的HTML解析器，还应该有解析文本的文本解析器以及解析文本中如果包含过滤器的过滤器解析器
/*
这个文件里的主函数
把HTML模板转化为AST树
*/
export function parse (
template: string,
options: CompilerOptions
): ASTElement | void {
warn = options.warn || baseWarn
platformIsPreTag = options.isPreTag || no
platformMustUseProp = options.mustUseProp || no
platformGetTagNamespace = options.getTagNamespace || no
const isReservedTag = options.isReservedTag || no
maybeComponent = (el: ASTElement) => !!(
el.component ||
el.attrsMap[':is'] ||
el.attrsMap['v-bind:is'] ||
!(el.attrsMap.is ? isReservedTag(el.attrsMap.is) : isReservedTag(el.tag))
)
transforms = pluckModuleFunction(options.modules, 'transformNode')
preTransforms = pluckModuleFunction(options.modules, 'preTransformNode')
postTransforms = pluckModuleFunction(options.modules, 'postTransformNode')
delimiters = options.delimiters
const stack = []
const preserveWhitespace = options.preserveWhitespace !== false
const whitespaceOption = options.whitespace
let root
let currentParent
let inVPre = false
let inPre = false
let warned = false
function warnOnce (msg, range) {
if (!warned) {
warned = true
warn(msg, range)
}
}
function closeElement (element) {
trimEndingWhitespace(element)
if (!inVPre && !element.processed) {
element = processElement(element, options)
}
// tree management
if (!stack.length && element !== root) {
// allow root elements with v-if, v-else-if and v-else
if (root.if && (element.elseif || element.else)) {
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
checkRootConstraints(element)
}
addIfCondition(root, {
exp: element.elseif,
block: element
})
} else if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
warnOnce(
`Component template should contain exactly one root element. ` +
`If you are using v-if on multiple elements, ` +
`use v-else-if to chain them instead.`,
{ start: element.start }
)
}
}
if (currentParent && !element.forbidden) {
if (element.elseif || element.else) {
processIfConditions(element, currentParent)
} else {
if (element.slotScope) {
// scoped slot
// keep it in the children list so that v-else(-if) conditions can
// find it as the prev node.
const name = element.slotTarget || '"default"'
;(currentParent.scopedSlots || (currentParent.scopedSlots = {}))[name] = element
}
currentParent.children.push(element)
element.parent = currentParent
}
}
// final children cleanup
// filter out scoped slots
element.children = element.children.filter(c => !(c: any).slotScope)
// remove trailing whitespace node again
trimEndingWhitespace(element)
// check pre state
if (element.pre) {
inVPre = false
}
if (platformIsPreTag(element.tag)) {
inPre = false
}
// apply post-transforms
for (let i = 0; i < postTransforms.length; i++) {
postTransforms[i](element, options)
}
}
function trimEndingWhitespace (el) {
// remove trailing whitespace node
if (!inPre) {
let lastNode
while (
(lastNode = el.children[el.children.length - 1]) &&
lastNode.type === 3 &&
lastNode.text === ' '
) {
el.children.pop()
}
}
}
function checkRootConstraints (el) {
if (el.tag === 'slot' || el.tag === 'template') {
warnOnce(
`Cannot use <${el.tag}> as component root element because it may ` +
'contain multiple nodes.',
{ start: el.start }
)
}
if (el.attrsMap.hasOwnProperty('v-for')) {
warnOnce(
'Cannot use v-for on stateful component root element because ' +
'it renders multiple elements.',
el.rawAttrsMap['v-for']
)
}
}
parseHTML(template, {
warn,
expectHTML: options.expectHTML,
isUnaryTag: options.isUnaryTag,
canBeLeftOpenTag: options.canBeLeftOpenTag,
shouldDecodeNewlines: options.shouldDecodeNewlines,
shouldDecodeNewlinesForHref: options.shouldDecodeNewlinesForHref,
shouldKeepComment: options.comments,
outputSourceRange: options.outputSourceRange,
start (tag, attrs, unary, start, end) {
// check namespace.
// inherit parent ns if there is one
const ns = (currentParent && currentParent.ns) || platformGetTagNamespace(tag)
// handle IE svg bug
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (isIE && ns === 'svg') {
attrs = guardIESVGBug(attrs)
}
let element: ASTElement = createASTElement(tag, attrs, currentParent)
if (ns) {
element.ns = ns
}
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
if (options.outputSourceRange) {
element.start = start
element.end = end
element.rawAttrsMap = element.attrsList.reduce((cumulated, attr) => {
cumulated[attr.name] = attr
return cumulated
}, {})
}
attrs.forEach(attr => {
if (invalidAttributeRE.test(attr.name)) {
warn(
`Invalid dynamic argument expression: attribute names cannot contain ` +
`spaces, quotes, <, >, / or =.`,
{
start: attr.start + attr.name.indexOf(`[`),
end: attr.start + attr.name.length
}
)
}
})
}
if (isForbiddenTag(element) && !isServerRendering()) {
element.forbidden = true
process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && warn(
'Templates should only be responsible for mapping the state to the ' +
'UI. Avoid placing tags with side-effects in your templates, such as ' +
`<${tag}>` + ', as they will not be parsed.',
{ start: element.start }
)
}
// apply pre-transforms
for (let i = 0; i < preTransforms.length; i++) {
element = preTransforms[i](element, options) || element
}
if (!inVPre) {
processPre(element)
if (element.pre) {
inVPre = true
}
}
if (platformIsPreTag(element.tag)) {
inPre = true
}
if (inVPre) {
processRawAttrs(element)
} else if (!element.processed) {
// structural directives
processFor(element)
processIf(element)
processOnce(element)
}
if (!root) {
root = element
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
checkRootConstraints(root)
}
}
if (!unary) {
currentParent = element
stack.push(element)
} else {
closeElement(element)
}
},
end (tag, start, end) {
const element = stack[stack.length - 1]
// pop stack
stack.length -= 1
currentParent = stack[stack.length - 1]
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && options.outputSourceRange) {
element.end = end
}
closeElement(element)
},
chars (text: string, start: number, end: number) {
if (!currentParent) {
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
if (text === template) {
warnOnce(
'Component template requires a root element, rather than just text.',
{ start }
)
} else if ((text = text.trim())) {
warnOnce(
`text "${text}" outside root element will be ignored.`,
{ start }
)
}
}
return
}
// IE textarea placeholder bug
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (isIE &&
currentParent.tag === 'textarea' &&
currentParent.attrsMap.placeholder === text
) {
return
}
const children = currentParent.children
if (inPre || text.trim()) {
text = isTextTag(currentParent) ? text : decodeHTMLCached(text)
} else if (!children.length) {
// remove the whitespace-only node right after an opening tag
text = ''
} else if (whitespaceOption) {
if (whitespaceOption === 'condense') {
// in condense mode, remove the whitespace node if it contains
// line break, otherwise condense to a single space
text = lineBreakRE.test(text) ? '' : ' '
} else {
text = ' '
}
} else {
text = preserveWhitespace ? ' ' : ''
}
if (text) {
if (!inPre && whitespaceOption === 'condense') {
// condense consecutive whitespaces into single space
text = text.replace(whitespaceRE, ' ')
}
let res
let child: ?ASTNode
// 如果遇到文本信息，就会调用文本解析器parseText函数进行文本解析
if (!inVPre && text !== ' ' && (res = parseText(text, delimiters))) {
child = {
type: 2,
expression: res.expression,
tokens: res.tokens,
text
}
} else if (text !== ' ' || !children.length || children[children.length - 1].text !== ' ') {
child = {
type: 3,
text
}
}
if (child) {
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && options.outputSourceRange) {
child.start = start
child.end = end
}
children.push(child)
}
}
},
comment (text: string, start, end) {
// adding anything as a sibling to the root node is forbidden
// comments should still be allowed, but ignored
if (currentParent) {
const child: ASTText = {
type: 3,
text,
isComment: true
}
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && options.outputSourceRange) {
child.start = start
child.end = end
}
currentParent.children.push(child)
}
}
})
return root
}
模板解析其实就是根据被解析内容的特点使用正则等方式将有效信息解析提取出来，根据解析内容的不同分为HTML解析器，文本解析器和过滤器解析器。而文本信息与过滤器信息又存在于HTML标签中，所以在解析器主线函数parse中先调用HTML解析器parseHTML 函数对模板字符串进行解析，如果在解析过程中遇到文本或过滤器信息则再调用相应的解析器进行解析，最终完成对整个模板字符串的解析
