HashMap源码

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1.putVal方法

final V putVal(int hash, K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent,
               boolean evict) {
    Node<K,V>[] tab; Node<K,V> p; int n, i;
    
    //表格为空或者表格的大小为0的话,进行扩容
    if ((tab = table) == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
        n = (tab = resize()).length;
    
    if ((p = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]) == null)
        // (n - 1) & hash相当于 hash % n - 1,这里可以做&是因为表格的大小是 2的n次方- 1, X % length = X & (length - 1)
        // 如果表格给定位置为空,那么就创建新的节点
        tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
    else {
        Node<K,V> e; K k;
        //(k = p.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)) 对象相等,那么他们的hash值一定相等
        if (p.hash == hash &&
            ((k = p.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
            // 如果key值并且hash值都相等,那么就让e把表头节点带出来
            e = p;
        else if (p instanceof TreeNode)
            // 如果是树节点,那么就插入到红黑树中
            e = ((TreeNode<K,V>)p).putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, value);
        else {
            // 循环查找链表节点
            for (int binCount = 0; ; ++binCount) {
                if ((e = p.next) == null) {
                    p.next = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
                    // 尾插法,找到链表尾部插入一个节点之后,那么就需要看是否树化
                    if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1) // -1 for 1st
                        treeifyBin(tab, hash);
                    // 不用树化的话就推出
                    break;
                }
                // 查找链表的过程中,发现有key相同的节点,那么直接退出,注意这时候e是指向当前相等的节点了
                if (e.hash == hash &&
                    ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
                    break;
                p = e;
            }
        }
        if (e != null) { // existing mapping for key
            V oldValue = e.value;
            if (!onlyIfAbsent || oldValue == null)
                // 替换当前节点为新的值
                e.value = value;
            afterNodeAccess(e);
            return oldValue;
        }
    }
    ++modCount;
    
    // 大于门限值,也需要扩容
    if (++size > threshold)
        resize();
    afterNodeInsertion(evict);
    return null;
}

2.resize方法

final Node<K,V>[] resize() {
    Node<K,V>[] oldTab = table;
    //oldCap获取原有表的大小,如果原有表为空的情况下,大小设置为0
    int oldCap = (oldTab == null) ? 0 : oldTab.length;
    int oldThr = threshold;
    int newCap, newThr = 0;
    if (oldCap > 0) {
        // oldCap的值大于0
        if (oldCap >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) {
            //oldCap的门限值大于门限值的最大容量,直接返回,门限值不变
            threshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
            return oldTab;
        }
        else if ((newCap = oldCap << 1) < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY &&
                 oldCap >= DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY)
            // 容量在最大容量内,容量扩大两倍
            // 门限值是否扩大两倍,那么就要看oldCap是否小于最大容量和大于16
            newThr = oldThr << 1; // double threshold
    }
    else if (oldThr > 0) // initial capacity was placed in threshold
        // 容量为0,并且门限值大于0的情况,那么newCap容量就是门限值
        newCap = oldThr;
    else {               // zero initial threshold signifies using defaults
        //门限值和容量都是0
        newCap = DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY;
        newThr = (int)(DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR * DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY);
    }
    if (newThr == 0) {
        // 新门限值的情况会在第一步if的时候, oldThr = 0的情况下出现
        float ft = (float)newCap * loadFactor;
        newThr = (newCap < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY && ft < (float)MAXIMUM_CAPACITY ?
                  (int)ft : Integer.MAX_VALUE);
    }
    threshold = newThr;
    // 创建了新表
    @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes","unchecked"})
        Node<K,V>[] newTab = (Node<K,V>[])new Node[newCap];
    table = newTab;
    if (oldTab != null) {
        // 将就表的元素移动至新表,有一个再hash的过程
        for (int j = 0; j < oldCap; ++j) {
            Node<K,V> e;
            if ((e = oldTab[j]) != null) {
                // 表头元素为空的情况下跳过,进行下一次循环
                oldTab[j] = null;
                if (e.next == null)
                    // 只有表头有元素
                    newTab[e.hash & (newCap - 1)] = e;
                else if (e instanceof TreeNode)
                    // 如果是e是红黑树的元素
                    ((TreeNode<K,V>)e).split(this, newTab, j, oldCap);
                else { // preserve order
                    // 如果是链表中的元素
                    Node<K,V> loHead = null, loTail = null;
                    Node<K,V> hiHead = null, hiTail = null;
                    Node<K,V> next;
                    //再hash结果值不同的分开成两组链表,尾插法
                    do {
                        next = e.next;
                        //e.hash & oldCap很巧妙
                        if ((e.hash & oldCap) == 0) {
                            if (loTail == null)
                                loHead = e;
                            else
                                loTail.next = e;
                            loTail = e;
                        }
                        else {
                            if (hiTail == null)
                                hiHead = e;
                            else
                                hiTail.next = e;
                            hiTail = e;
                        }
                    } while ((e = next) != null);
                    if (loTail != null) {
                        loTail.next = null;
                        newTab[j] = loHead;
                    }
                    if (hiTail != null) {
                        hiTail.next = null;
                        newTab[j + oldCap] = hiHead;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return newTab;
}