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template介绍
Jinja是基于Python的模板引擎。template类是Jinja的另一个重要组件,可以看作一个编译过的模块文件,用来生产目标文本,传递Python的变量给模板去替换模板中的标记。
template范例:
1. # scp root@192.168.175.130:/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf ./templates //复制被管理端的配置文件到本地# vim templates/httpd.conf //在管理端将配置文件要修改的地方定义变量
- 修改htto.conf配置文件里的内容,将参数设置成变量。
Listen {{http_port}}
ServerName {{server_name}}
MaxClients {{access_num}}
3.在/etc/ansible/hosts 添加变量 vim /etc/ansible/hosts
[abc]
192.168.200.129 http_port=192.168.200.129:80 access_num=100 server_name="www.yun.com:80"# vim apache.yml# ansible-playbook apache.yml
4.然后执行脚本 然后去abc组的主机上查看下配置文件是否已经改了
ansible-playbook yaml文件如下:
cat httpd_template.yaml
---
- hosts: test
remote_user: root
vars:
- package: httpd
- service: httpd
tasks:
- name: install httpd package
yum: name={{ package }} state=latest
- name: install configure file
template: src=./template/httpd.conf.j2 dest=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
notify:
- restart httpd
- name: start httpd server
service: name={{ service }} enabled=true state=started
handlers:
- name: restart httpd
service: name={{ service }} state=restartd
template for循环
template中也可以使用流程控制for 循环和if 条件判断,实现动态生成文件功能。
范例一:
cat temnginx.yaml
---
- hosts: test
remote_user: root
vars:
nginx_vhosts:
- listen: 80
tasks:
- name: config file
template: src=./template/nginx.conf.j2 dest=/data/nginx.conf
cat template/nginx.conf.j2
{% for vhost in nginx_vhosts %}
server {
listen {{ vhost.listen }}
}
{% endfor %}
生成的结果
cat nginx.conf
server {
listen 80
}
范例二:
cat temnginx2.yaml
---
- hosts: test
remote_user: root
vars:
nginx_vhosts:
- 81
- 82
- 83
tasks:
- name: template config
template: src=nginx.conf.j2 dest=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
cat nginx.conf.j2
{% for vhost in nginx_vhosts %}
server {
listen {{ vhost.listen }}
}
{% endfor %}
生成的结果
server {
listen 81
}
server {
listen 82
}
server {
listen 83
}
范例三:
cat temnginx3.yaml
---
- hosts: test
remote_user: root
vars:
nginx_vhosts:
- listen: 8080
server_name: "web1.baidu.com"
root: /var/www/nginx/web1/
- listen: 8081
server_name: "web1.baidu.com"
root: "/var/www/nginx/web2/"
tasks:
- name: template config
template: src=./template/nginx.conf2.j2 dest=/data/nginx2.conf
cat nginx.conf2.j2
{% for vhost in nginx_vhosts %}
server{
listen {{ vhost.listen }}
server_name {{ vhost.server_name }}
root {{ vhost.root }}
}
{% endfor %}
在模板文件中还可以使用if条件判断,决定是否生成相关的配置信息 案例一:
cat templnginx4.yaml
- hosts: test
remote_user: root
vars:
nginx_vhosts:
- web1:
listen: 8080
root: "/var/www/nginx/web1/"
- web2:
listen: 8080
server_name: "web2.baidu.com"
root: "/var/www/nginx/web2/"
- web3:
listen: 8080
server_name: "web3.baidu.com"
root: "/var/www/nginx/web3/"
tasks:
- name: template config to
template: src=./template/nginx.conf3.j2 dest=/data/nginx3.conf
cat template/nginx.conf3.j2
{% for vhost in nginx_vhosts %}
server {
listen {{ vhost.listen }}
{% if vhost.server_name is defined %}
server_name {{ vhost.server_name }}
{% endif %}
root {{ vhost.root }}
}
{% endfor %}
输出结果:
cat nginx3.conf
server {
listen 8080
root /var/www/nginx/web1/
}
server {
listen 8080
server_name web2.baidu.com
root /var/www/nginx/web2/
}
server {
listen 8080
server_name web3.baidu.com
root /var/www/nginx/web3/
}