这是我参与8月更文挑战的第7天，活动详情查看：8月更文挑战
正文
1. 准备 mysql rpm 包
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
2. 安装 mysql-community-client
[root@node2 hadoop]# ll
总用量 70092
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 hadoop hadoop 14052636 6月 19 19:28 mysql-community-client-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 hadoop hadoop 100356 6月 19 19:41 mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 hadoop hadoop 632772 6月 19 19:28 mysql-community-common-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 hadoop hadoop 1497724 6月 19 19:37 mysql-community-libs-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 hadoop hadoop 55483196 3月 23 19:55 mysql-community-server-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@node2 hadoop]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-common-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Verifying... ################################# [100%]
准备中... ################################# [100%]
软件包 mysql-community-common-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64 已经安装
[root@node2 hadoop]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Verifying... ################################# [100%]
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-client-plugins-8.################################# [100%]
[root@node2 hadoop]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-libs-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Verifying... ################################# [100%]
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-libs-8.0.24-1.el8################################# [100%]
[root@node2 hadoop]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-client-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Verifying... ################################# [100%]
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-client-8.0.24-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@node2 hadoop]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-server-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
错误：依赖检测失败：
/usr/bin/perl 被 mysql-community-server-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64 需要
net-tools 被 mysql-community-server-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64 需要
需要先安装 perl 和 net-tools
3. 安装 perl
[root@node2 hadoop]# yum -y install perl
上次元数据过期检查：1:34:21 前，执行于 2021年06月19日 星期六 18时09分31秒。
依赖关系解决。
====================================================================================================================================================================================
软件包 架构 版本 仓库 大小
====================================================================================================================================================================================
安装:
perl x86_64 4:5.26.3-419.el8 appstream 73 k
安装依赖关系:
dwz x86_64 0.12-9.el8 appstream 109 k
efi-srpm-macros noarch 3-3.el8 appstream 22 k
ghc-srpm-macros noarch 1.4.2-7.el8 appstream 9.3 k
go-srpm-macros noarch 2-17.el8 appstream 13 k
make x86_64 1:4.2.1-10.el8 baseos 498 k
## 省略
......
完毕！
4. 安装 net-tools
[root@node2 hadoop]# yum -y install net-tools
上次元数据过期检查：1:43:32 前，执行于 2021年06月19日 星期六 18时09分31秒。
依赖关系解决。
====================================================================================================================================================================================
软件包 架构 版本 仓库 大小
====================================================================================================================================================================================
安装:
net-tools x86_64 2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8 baseos 322 k
事务概要
====================================================================================================================================================================================
安装 1 软件包
总下载：322 k
安装大小：942 k
下载软件包：
net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64.rpm 827 kB/s | 322 kB 00:00
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计 80 kB/s | 322 kB 00:04
运行事务检查
事务检查成功。
运行事务测试
事务测试成功。
运行事务
准备中 : 1/1
安装 : net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64 1/1
运行脚本: net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64 1/1
验证 : net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64 1/1
已安装:
net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64
完毕！
5. 安装 mysql-community-server
[root@node2 hadoop]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-server-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Verifying... ################################# [100%]
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-server-8.0.24-1.e################################# [100%]
[/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/mysql.conf:23] Line references path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating /var/run/mysqld → /run/mysqld; please update the tmpfiles.d/ drop-in file accordingly.
6. 查看 mysql 是否安装成功
[root@node2 hadoop]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
mysql-community-libs-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64
mysql-community-client-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64
mysql-community-server-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64
mysql-community-common-8.0.24-1.el8.x86_64
[root@node2 hadoop]# mysqladmin --version
mysqladmin Ver 8.0.24 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
7. 初始化 mysql
[root@node2 hadoop]# mysqld --initialize //创建数据文件目录和mysql系统数据库 产生随机root密码
8. 启动 mysql 服务
[root@node2 hadoop]# systemctl start mysqld.service
Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
又出错了 -_-||
解决方案
这是因为/var/lib/mysql目录权限不够
[root@node2 hadoop]# cd /var/lib/mysql
[root@node2 mysql]# ll
总用量 167348
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 56 6月 19 20:00 auto.cnf
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 0 6月 19 20:01 binlog.index
-rw-------. 1 root root 1676 6月 19 20:00 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1112 6月 19 20:00 ca.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1112 6月 19 20:00 client-cert.pem
-rw-------. 1 root root 1676 6月 19 20:00 client-key.pem
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 196608 6月 19 20:00 '#ib_16384_0.dblwr'
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 8585216 6月 19 20:00 '#ib_16384_1.dblwr'
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 3595 6月 19 20:00 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 12582912 6月 19 20:00 ibdata1
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 50331648 6月 19 20:00 ib_logfile0
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 50331648 6月 19 20:00 ib_logfile1
drwxr-x---. 2 root root 6 6月 19 20:00 '#innodb_temp'
drwxr-x---. 2 root root 6 6月 19 20:00 mysql
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 15728640 6月 19 20:00 mysql.ibd
drwxr-x---. 2 root root 8192 6月 19 20:00 performance_schema
-rw-------. 1 root root 1676 6月 19 20:00 private_key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 452 6月 19 20:00 public_key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1112 6月 19 20:00 server-cert.pem
-rw-------. 1 root root 1676 6月 19 20:00 server-key.pem
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 16777216 6月 19 20:00 undo_001
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 16777216 6月 19 20:00 undo_002
修改权限并启动 mysql
[root@node2 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@node2 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
[root@node2 ~]# chmod -R 777 /var/lib/mysql
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@node2 ~]# ps -ef |grep mysql
mysql 26627 1 4 23:57 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld
root 26671 10438 0 23:57 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@node2 ~]# cd /var/lib/mysql
[root@node2 mysql]# ll
总用量 190916
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 56 6月 19 23:57 auto.cnf
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 156 6月 19 23:57 binlog.000001
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 16 6月 19 23:57 binlog.index
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 1680 6月 19 23:50 ca-key.pem
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 1112 6月 19 23:50 ca.pem
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 1112 6月 19 23:50 client-cert.pem
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 1676 6月 19 23:50 client-key.pem
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 196608 6月 19 23:57 '#ib_16384_0.dblwr'
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 8585216 6月 19 23:50 '#ib_16384_1.dblwr'
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 6059 6月 19 23:50 ib_buffer_pool
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 6月 19 23:57 ibdata1
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 6月 19 23:57 ib_logfile0
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 6月 19 23:50 ib_logfile1
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 6月 19 23:57 ibtmp1
drwxrwxrwx. 2 mysql mysql 187 6月 19 23:57 '#innodb_temp'
drwxrwxrwx. 2 mysql mysql 143 6月 19 23:50 mysql
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 27262976 6月 19 23:57 mysql.ibd
srwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 0 6月 19 23:57 mysql.sock
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 6 6月 19 23:57 mysql.sock.lock
drwxrwxrwx. 2 mysql mysql 8192 6月 19 23:50 performance_schema
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 1676 6月 19 23:50 private_key.pem
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 452 6月 19 23:50 public_key.pem
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 1112 6月 19 23:50 server-cert.pem
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 1680 6月 19 23:50 server-key.pem
drwxrwxrwx. 2 mysql mysql 28 6月 19 23:50 sys
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 16777216 6月 19 23:57 undo_001
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 16777216 6月 19 23:57 undo_002
[root@node2 mysql]#
注意事项
- setenforce 0 用来解决 [InnoDB] Operating system error number 13 in a file operation. 这个问题的
- 目录权限必须设置成 777，只设置成 755 也会出错
成功解决
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@node2 ~]#
9. 验证
[root@node2 ~]# ps -ef |grep mysql
mysql 26627 1 4 23:57 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld
root 26671 10438 0 23:57 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Sat 2021-06-19 23:57:02 CST; 11min ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 26603 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 26627 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 37 (limit: 17656)
Memory: 340.4M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─26627 /usr/sbin/mysqld
6月 19 23:57:01 node2 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
6月 19 23:57:02 node2 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
10. 查看初始化随机生成的密码
[root@node2 ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
2021-06-19T15:50:38.842799Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: k6#gu=!gdJgg
11. 安全设置
[root@node2 ~]# mysql_secure_installation
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
# 输入第 10 步中查看到的密码
Enter password for user root:
# 重设密码
The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.
New password:
Re-enter new password:
VALIDATE PASSWORD COMPONENT can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD component?
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: y
There are three levels of password validation policy:
LOW Length >= 8
MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters
STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary file
# 密码强度，注意生产环境选择 2，如果只是个人测试选择 0
Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 0
Using existing password for root.
Estimated strength of the password: 100
# 确认密码强度后还得重输一次密码
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Estimated strength of the password: 100
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
# 是否删除匿名用户
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
# 禁止 root 远程登录
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.
# 删除测试数据库
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
- Dropping test database...
Success.
- Removing privileges on test database...
Success.
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
# 重新加载权限表
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
All done!
[root@node2 ~]#
12. mysql 登录
# 使用上面修改后的密码登录
[root@node2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 15
Server version: 8.0.24 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
到此，MySQL 8 就在 Cent OS 8 系统上面安装成功了。
