SpringCloud服务治理（十八）链路追踪

逆风_探架构
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skywallking架构设计图

1，组件功能

  •  Skywalking Agent：使用Javaagent做字节码植入，无侵入式的收集，并通过HTTP或者gRPC方式发送数据到Skywalking Collector。
  •  Skywalking Collector ：链路数据收集器，对agent传过来的数据进行整合分析处理并落入相关的数据存储中。 
  • Storage：Skywalking的存储，时间更迭，支持以ElasticSearch、Mysql、TiDB、H2、作为存储介质进行数据存储。 
  • UI ：Web可视化平台，用来展示落地的数据。

2，agent配置

# The agent namespace
# agent.namespace=${SW_AGENT_NAMESPACE:default-namespace}

# The service name in UI
agent.service_name=${SW_AGENT_NAME:Your_ApplicationName}

# The number of sampled traces per 3 seconds
# Negative number means sample traces as many as possible, most likely 100%
# agent.sample_n_per_3_secs=${SW_AGENT_SAMPLE:-1}

# Authentication active is based on backend setting, see application.yml for more details.
# agent.authentication = ${SW_AGENT_AUTHENTICATION:xxxx}

# The max amount of spans in a single segment.
# Through this config item, SkyWalking keep your application memory cost estimated.
# agent.span_limit_per_segment=${SW_AGENT_SPAN_LIMIT:300}

# Ignore the segments if their operation names end with these suffix.
# agent.ignore_suffix=${SW_AGENT_IGNORE_SUFFIX:.jpg,.jpeg,.js,.css,.png,.bmp,.gif,.ico,.mp3,.mp4,.html,.svg}

# If true, SkyWalking agent will save all instrumented classes files in `/debugging` folder.
# SkyWalking team may ask for these files in order to resolve compatible problem.
# agent.is_open_debugging_class = ${SW_AGENT_OPEN_DEBUG:true}

# The operationName max length
# agent.operation_name_threshold=${SW_AGENT_OPERATION_NAME_THRESHOLD:500}

# Backend service addresses.
collector.backend_service=${SW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES:127.0.0.1:11800}

# Logging file_name
logging.file_name=${SW_LOGGING_FILE_NAME:skywalking-api.log}

# Logging level
logging.level=${SW_LOGGING_LEVEL:DEBUG}
  • agent.namespace: 跨进程链路中的header，不同的namespace会导致跨进程的链路中断 
  • agent.service_name:一个服务（项目）的唯一标识，这个字段决定了在sw的UI上的关于service的展示名称 agent.sample_n_per_3_secs: 客户端采样率，默认是-1代表全采样 
  • agent.authentication: 与collector进行通信的安全认证，需要同collector中配置相同 
  • agent.ignore_suffix: 忽略特定请求后缀的trace collecttor.backend_service: agent需要同collector进行数据传输的IP和端口 logging.level: agent记录日志级别 skywalking agent使
  • 用javaagent无侵入式的配合collector实现对分布式系统的追踪和相关数据的上下文传递。 

3，collector配置

core:
  default:
    # Mixed: Receive agent data, Level 1 aggregate, Level 2 aggregate
    # Receiver: Receive agent data, Level 1 aggregate
    # Aggregator: Level 2 aggregate
    role: ${SW_CORE_ROLE:Mixed} # Mixed/Receiver/Aggregator
    restHost: ${SW_CORE_REST_HOST:0.0.0.0}
    restPort: ${SW_CORE_REST_PORT:12800}
    restContextPath: ${SW_CORE_REST_CONTEXT_PATH:/}
    gRPCHost: ${SW_CORE_GRPC_HOST:0.0.0.0}
    gRPCPort: ${SW_CORE_GRPC_PORT:11800}
    downsampling:
      - Hour
      - Day
      - Month
    # Set a timeout on metrics data. After the timeout has expired, the metrics data will automatically be deleted.
    enableDataKeeperExecutor: ${SW_CORE_ENABLE_DATA_KEEPER_EXECUTOR:true} # Turn it off then automatically metrics data delete will be close.
    dataKeeperExecutePeriod: ${SW_CORE_DATA_KEEPER_EXECUTE_PERIOD:5} # How often the data keeper executor runs periodically, unit is minute
    recordDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_RECORD_DATA_TTL:90} # Unit is minute
    minuteMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_MINUTE_METRIC_DATA_TTL:90} # Unit is minute
    hourMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_HOUR_METRIC_DATA_TTL:36} # Unit is hour
    dayMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_DAY_METRIC_DATA_TTL:45} # Unit is day
    monthMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_MONTH_METRIC_DATA_TTL:18} # Unit is month
    # Cache metric data for 1 minute to reduce database queries, and if the OAP cluster changes within that minute,
    # the metrics may not be accurate within that minute.
    enableDatabaseSession: ${SW_CORE_ENABLE_DATABASE_SESSION:true}
    topNReportPeriod: ${SW_CORE_TOPN_REPORT_PERIOD:10} # top_n record worker report cycle, unit is minute
storage:
  • downsampling: 采样汇总统计维度，会分别按照分钟、【小时、天、月】（可选）来统计各项指标数据。 通过设置TTL相关配置项可以对数据进行自动清理。
  •  collector提供了gRPC和HTTP两种通信方式。
  •  UI使用rest http通信，agent在大多数场景下使用grpc方式通信，在语言不支持的情况下会使用http通信。 关于绑定IP和端口需要注意的一点是，通过绑定IP，agent和collector必须配置对应ip才可以正常通信。

4，collector存储配置

storage:
#  elasticsearch:
#    nameSpace: ${SW_NAMESPACE:""}
#    clusterNodes: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES:localhost:9200}
#    protocol: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_HTTP_PROTOCOL:"http"}
#    trustStorePath: ${SW_SW_STORAGE_ES_SSL_JKS_PATH:"../es_keystore.jks"}
#    trustStorePass: ${SW_SW_STORAGE_ES_SSL_JKS_PASS:""}
#    user: ${SW_ES_USER:""}
#    password: ${SW_ES_PASSWORD:""}
#    indexShardsNumber: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_INDEX_SHARDS_NUMBER:2}
#    indexReplicasNumber: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_INDEX_REPLICAS_NUMBER:0}
#    # Those data TTL settings will override the same settings in core module.
#    recordDataTTL: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_RECORD_DATA_TTL:7} # Unit is day
#    otherMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_OTHER_METRIC_DATA_TTL:45} # Unit is day
#    monthMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_MONTH_METRIC_DATA_TTL:18} # Unit is month
#    # Batch process setting, refer to https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/java-api/5.5/java-docs-bulk-processor.html
#    bulkActions: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_BULK_ACTIONS:1000} # Execute the bulk every 1000 requests
#    flushInterval: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_FLUSH_INTERVAL:10} # flush the bulk every 10 seconds whatever the number of requests
#    concurrentRequests: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS:2} # the number of concurrent requests
#    resultWindowMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_QUERY_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE:10000}
#    metadataQueryMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_QUERY_MAX_SIZE:5000}
#    segmentQueryMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_QUERY_SEGMENT_SIZE:200}
#  elasticsearch7:
#    nameSpace: ${SW_NAMESPACE:""}
#    clusterNodes: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES:localhost:9200}
#    protocol: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_HTTP_PROTOCOL:"http"}
#    trustStorePath: ${SW_SW_STORAGE_ES_SSL_JKS_PATH:"../es_keystore.jks"}
#    trustStorePass: ${SW_SW_STORAGE_ES_SSL_JKS_PASS:""}
#    user: ${SW_ES_USER:""}
#    password: ${SW_ES_PASSWORD:""}
#    indexShardsNumber: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_INDEX_SHARDS_NUMBER:2}
#    indexReplicasNumber: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_INDEX_REPLICAS_NUMBER:0}
#    # Those data TTL settings will override the same settings in core module.
#    recordDataTTL: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_RECORD_DATA_TTL:7} # Unit is day
#    otherMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_OTHER_METRIC_DATA_TTL:45} # Unit is day
#    monthMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_MONTH_METRIC_DATA_TTL:18} # Unit is month
#    # Batch process setting, refer to https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/java-api/5.5/java-docs-bulk-processor.html
#    bulkActions: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_BULK_ACTIONS:1000} # Execute the bulk every 1000 requests
#    flushInterval: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_FLUSH_INTERVAL:10} # flush the bulk every 10 seconds whatever the number of requests
#    concurrentRequests: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS:2} # the number of concurrent requests
#    resultWindowMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_QUERY_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE:10000}
#    metadataQueryMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_QUERY_MAX_SIZE:5000}
#    segmentQueryMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_QUERY_SEGMENT_SIZE:200}
  h2:
    driver: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_DRIVER:org.h2.jdbcx.JdbcDataSource}
    url: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_URL:jdbc:h2:mem:skywalking-oap-db}
    user: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_USER:sa}
    metadataQueryMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_QUERY_MAX_SIZE:5000}
#  mysql:
#    properties:
#      jdbcUrl: ${SW_JDBC_URL:"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/swtest"}
#      dataSource.user: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_USER:root}
#      dataSource.password: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_PASSWORD:root@1234}
#      dataSource.cachePrepStmts: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_CACHE_PREP_STMTS:true}
#      dataSource.prepStmtCacheSize: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_PREP_STMT_CACHE_SQL_SIZE:250}
#      dataSource.prepStmtCacheSqlLimit: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_PREP_STMT_CACHE_SQL_LIMIT:2048}
#      dataSource.useServerPrepStmts: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_USE_SERVER_PREP_STMTS:true}
#    metadataQueryMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_MYSQL_QUERY_MAX_SIZE:5000}

5，collector接收指标

receiver-register:
  default:
receiver-trace:
  default:
    bufferPath: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_PATH:../trace-buffer/}  # Path to trace buffer files, suggest to use absolute path
    bufferOffsetMaxFileSize: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_OFFSET_MAX_FILE_SIZE:100} # Unit is MB
    bufferDataMaxFileSize: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_DATA_MAX_FILE_SIZE:500} # Unit is MB
    bufferFileCleanWhenRestart: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_FILE_CLEAN_WHEN_RESTART:false}
    sampleRate: ${SW_TRACE_SAMPLE_RATE:10000} # The sample rate precision is 1/10000. 10000 means 100% sample in default.
    slowDBAccessThreshold: ${SW_SLOW_DB_THRESHOLD:default:200,mongodb:100} # The slow database access thresholds. Unit ms.
receiver-jvm:
  default:

6，追踪展示

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