init

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SpringMVC起步

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第一步: 导入jar包

<dependencies>

      <!-- spring相关 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.7</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- springMVC-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
     
   
</dependencies> 

第二步: 配置web.xml(配置servlet)

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         version="2.5">

    <!--前端控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
         <!--配置DispatcherServlet的一个初始化参数:配置SpringMVC配置文件的位置和名称-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--
        实际上也可以不通过contextConfigLocation来配置SpringMVC的配置文件,`使用默认的`
        默认配置文件为:/WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml
        -->
        
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

  <!--过滤器配置-->
    
    <!--解决表单只支持GET POST 不支持DELETE POST 请求缺陷-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>


    <!-- 解决post乱码 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>


    <!-- 监听器监听其他的spring配置文件 -->
<!--    <context-param>-->
<!--        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>-->
<!--        <param-value>classpath*:spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>-->
<!--    </context-param>-->
<!--    <listener>-->
<!--        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>-->
<!--    </listener>-->
</web-app>

第三步:加入SpringMVC配置文件spring-mvc.xml

fpAdDP.png

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd">

    <!-- 包扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.web"/>

    <!-- MVC注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- 静态资源访问-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!--文件上传解析器-->
<!--    <bean id="multipartResolver"-->
<!--          class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">-->
<!--        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="104857600"/>-->
<!--    </bean>-->

      <!--配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

第四步:编写请求处理器@Controller

配置包扫描

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第五步:编写视图

配置视图解析器spring-mvc.xml(已配置)

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  • 2.使用@RequestMapping映射请求的URL

  • 3.配置视图解析器 => 返回值会通过视图解析器解析为实际的物理视图

  • 通过prefix+returnVal+后缀这样的方式得到实际的物理视图,然后转发

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创建转发对象.jsp

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问题?

1. 无法解析配置文件(idea内在缺陷)

解决方法: 添加jar包到输出根目录的lib目录下

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2.编写视图和充当接口区别

@ResponseBody注解

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