对于laravel初始化服务容器的过程，还是以代码加注释的方式来大致的解释一下，初始化过程都做了什么工作
/public/index.php文件里面有一行初始化服务器容器的代码，调度的相关文件就是：/bootstrap/app.php
代码：/bootstrap/app.php
<?php
//真正的初始化服务容器代码，下面有此行的继续追踪
$app = new Illuminate\Foundation\Application(
realpath(__DIR__.'/../')
);
//单例一个App\Http\Kernel对象，可以使用App::make('Illuminate\Contracts\Http\Kernel')调用
$app->singleton(
'Illuminate\Contracts\Http\Kernel',
'App\Http\Kernel'
);
//单例一个App\Console\Kernel对象，可以使用App::make('Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel')调用
$app->singleton(
'Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel',
'App\Console\Kernel'
);
//打字好累，同上，不解释
$app->singleton(
'Illuminate\Contracts\Debug\ExceptionHandler',
'App\Exceptions\Handler'
);
//返回一个初始化完成的服务容器
return $app;
代码：Illuminate\Foundation\Application
//代码太多，只能解释几个主要的方法（真实情况是，我了解也不多，也就看了这几个方法*^_^*）
public function __construct($basePath = null)
{
//初始化最简单的容器
$this->registerBaseBindings();
//在容器中注册最基本的服务提供者（即ServiceProvider）
$this->registerBaseServiceProviders();
//在容器中注册一些核心类的别名（这个说法貌似有点不妥，可以参见以下的代码注释自己再理解一下）
$this->registerCoreContainerAliases();
//在容器中注册一些常用的文档绝对路径
if ($basePath) $this->setBasePath($basePath);
}
protected function registerBaseBindings()
{
//初始化一个空的容器
static::setInstance($this);
//在容器中，实例化一个key为app的实例，相对的值就是当前容器，你可以使用App::make('app')来取得一个容器对象
$this->instance('app', $this);
//同上
$this->instance('Illuminate\Container\Container', $this);
}
protected function registerBaseServiceProviders()
{
//EventServiceProvider这个服务提供者，其实是向容器注册了一个key为events的对象，可以在你的IDE里面追踪一下代码
$this->register(new EventServiceProvider($this));
//注册4个key分别为router、url、redirect、Illuminate\Contracts\Routing\ResponseFactory的对象
$this->register(new RoutingServiceProvider($this));
}
/*这个方法的作用，就以一个例子来解释吧（语文不太好~\(≧▽≦)/~）
在调用此方法之前，我们想取得一个容器实例的做法是 App::make('app');
现在我们可以使用App::make('Illuminate\Foundation\Application')
App::make('Illuminate\Contracts\Container\Container')
App::make('Illuminate\Contracts\Foundation\Application')
三种方法来取得一个容器实例，即Illuminate\Foundation\Application、Illuminate\Contracts\Container\Container、Illuminate\Contracts\Foundation\Application三者都是app的别名；
*/
public function registerCoreContainerAliases()
{
$aliases = array(
'app' => ['Illuminate\Foundation\Application', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Container\Container', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Foundation\Application'],
'artisan' => ['Illuminate\Console\Application', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Application'],
'auth' => 'Illuminate\Auth\AuthManager',
'auth.driver' => ['Illuminate\Auth\Guard', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Guard'],
'auth.password.tokens' => 'Illuminate\Auth\Passwords\TokenRepositoryInterface',
'blade.compiler' => 'Illuminate\View\Compilers\BladeCompiler',
'cache' => ['Illuminate\Cache\CacheManager', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Cache\Factory'],
'cache.store' => ['Illuminate\Cache\Repository', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Cache\Repository'],
'config' => ['Illuminate\Config\Repository', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Config\Repository'],
'cookie' => ['Illuminate\Cookie\CookieJar', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Cookie\Factory', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Cookie\QueueingFactory'],
'encrypter' => ['Illuminate\Encryption\Encrypter', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Encryption\Encrypter'],
'db' => 'Illuminate\Database\DatabaseManager',
'events' => ['Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Events\Dispatcher'],
'files' => 'Illuminate\Filesystem\Filesystem',
'filesystem' => 'Illuminate\Contracts\Filesystem\Factory',
'filesystem.disk' => 'Illuminate\Contracts\Filesystem\Filesystem',
'filesystem.cloud' => 'Illuminate\Contracts\Filesystem\Cloud',
'hash' => 'Illuminate\Contracts\Hashing\Hasher',
'translator' => ['Illuminate\Translation\Translator', 'Symfony\Component\Translation\TranslatorInterface'],
'log' => ['Illuminate\Log\Writer', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Logging\Log', 'Psr\Log\LoggerInterface'],
'mailer' => ['Illuminate\Mail\Mailer', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Mail\Mailer', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Mail\MailQueue'],
'paginator' => 'Illuminate\Pagination\Factory',
'auth.password' => ['Illuminate\Auth\Passwords\PasswordBroker', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\PasswordBroker'],
'queue' => ['Illuminate\Queue\QueueManager', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\Factory', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\Monitor'],
'queue.connection' => 'Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\Queue',
'redirect' => 'Illuminate\Routing\Redirector',
'redis' => ['Illuminate\Redis\Database', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Redis\Database'],
'request' => 'Illuminate\Http\Request',
'router' => ['Illuminate\Routing\Router', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Routing\Registrar'],
'session' => 'Illuminate\Session\SessionManager',
'session.store' => ['Illuminate\Session\Store', 'Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\SessionInterface'],
'url' => ['Illuminate\Routing\UrlGenerator', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Routing\UrlGenerator'],
'validator' => ['Illuminate\Validation\Factory', 'Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Factory'],
'view' => ['Illuminate\View\Factory', 'Illuminate\Contracts\View\Factory'],
);
foreach ($aliases as $key => $aliases)
{
foreach ((array) $aliases as $alias)
{
$this->alias($key, $alias);
}
}
}
由此得到的一个容器实例
Application {#2 ▼
#basePath: "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs/laravel"
#hasBeenBootstrapped: false
#booted: false
#bootingCallbacks: []
#bootedCallbacks: []
#terminatingCallbacks: []
#serviceProviders: array:2 [▶]
#loadedProviders: array:2 [▶]
#deferredServices: []
#storagePath: null
#environmentFile: ".env"
#resolved: array:1 [▶]
#bindings: array:8 [▼
"events" => array:2 [▶]
"router" => array:2 [▶]
"url" => array:2 [▶]
"redirect" => array:2 [▶]
"Illuminate\Contracts\Routing\ResponseFactory" => array:2 [▶]
"Illuminate\Contracts\Http\Kernel" => array:2 [▶]
"Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel" => array:2 [▶]
"Illuminate\Contracts\Debug\ExceptionHandler" => array:2 [▶]
]
#instances: array:10 [▼
"app" => Application {#2}
"Illuminate\Container\Container" => Application {#2}
"events" => Dispatcher {#5 ▶}
"path" => "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs/laravel/app"
"path.base" => "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs/laravel"
"path.config" => "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs/laravel/config"
"path.database" => "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs/laravel/database"
"path.lang" => "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs/laravel/resources/lang"
"path.public" => "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs/laravel/public"
"path.storage" => "/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs/laravel/storage"
]
#aliases: array:59 [▼
"Illuminate\Foundation\Application" => "app"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Container\Container" => "app"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Foundation\Application" => "app"
"Illuminate\Console\Application" => "artisan"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Application" => "artisan"
"Illuminate\Auth\AuthManager" => "auth"
"Illuminate\Auth\Guard" => "auth.driver"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Guard" => "auth.driver"
"Illuminate\Auth\Passwords\TokenRepositoryInterface" => "auth.password.tokens"
"Illuminate\View\Compilers\BladeCompiler" => "blade.compiler"
"Illuminate\Cache\CacheManager" => "cache"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Cache\Factory" => "cache"
"Illuminate\Cache\Repository" => "cache.store"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Cache\Repository" => "cache.store"
"Illuminate\Config\Repository" => "config"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Config\Repository" => "config"
"Illuminate\Cookie\CookieJar" => "cookie"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Cookie\Factory" => "cookie"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Cookie\QueueingFactory" => "cookie"
"Illuminate\Encryption\Encrypter" => "encrypter"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Encryption\Encrypter" => "encrypter"
"Illuminate\Database\DatabaseManager" => "db"
"Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher" => "events"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Events\Dispatcher" => "events"
"Illuminate\Filesystem\Filesystem" => "files"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Filesystem\Factory" => "filesystem"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Filesystem\Filesystem" => "filesystem.disk"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Filesystem\Cloud" => "filesystem.cloud"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Hashing\Hasher" => "hash"
"Illuminate\Translation\Translator" => "translator"
"Symfony\Component\Translation\TranslatorInterface" => "translator"
"Illuminate\Log\Writer" => "log"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Logging\Log" => "log"
"Psr\Log\LoggerInterface" => "log"
"Illuminate\Mail\Mailer" => "mailer"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Mail\Mailer" => "mailer"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Mail\MailQueue" => "mailer"
"Illuminate\Pagination\Factory" => "paginator"
"Illuminate\Auth\Passwords\PasswordBroker" => "auth.password"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\PasswordBroker" => "auth.password"
"Illuminate\Queue\QueueManager" => "queue"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\Factory" => "queue"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\Monitor" => "queue"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\Queue" => "queue.connection"
"Illuminate\Routing\Redirector" => "redirect"
"Illuminate\Redis\Database" => "redis"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Redis\Database" => "redis"
"Illuminate\Http\Request" => "request"
"Illuminate\Routing\Router" => "router"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Routing\Registrar" => "router"
"Illuminate\Session\SessionManager" => "session"
"Illuminate\Session\Store" => "session.store"
"Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\SessionInterface" => "session.store"
"Illuminate\Routing\UrlGenerator" => "url"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Routing\UrlGenerator" => "url"
"Illuminate\Validation\Factory" => "validator"
"Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Factory" => "validator"
"Illuminate\View\Factory" => "view"
"Illuminate\Contracts\View\Factory" => "view"
]
#extenders: []
#tags: []
#buildStack: []
+contextual: []
#reboundCallbacks: []
#globalResolvingCallbacks: []
#globalAfterResolvingCallbacks: []
#resolvingCallbacks: []
#afterResolvingCallbacks: []
}
怎么打印一个实例？？
到这一步为止，你可以这样做dd(app())
dd(app())什么意思？？
这里包含两个方法dd()和app(),具体定义请看自动加载的第四种方法
那说好的App::make(‘app’)方法咋不能用呢？
这是因为这个方法需要用到Contracts，而到此为止，还未定义App作为Illuminate\Support\Facades\App的别名，因而不能用；
需要等到统一入口文件里面的运行Kernel类的handle方法才能用，所以在Controller里面是可以用的，现在不能用。
