开头

• 这是分篇章，整篇请看零基础iOS开发学习日记

WKWebView

实际用处

• 显示网页

基础用法

• 由于WKWebView与网页有关，所有很多东西都涉及到前端的一些知识，我是有会一点皮毛，所以勉强能看得懂，如果完全没接触过前端，建议掌握基础用法就好，不然看起来蛮头疼
• 使用WKWebView，需要导入头文件WebKit/WebKit.h
• 因为要替换本身的view，所以在loadView中创建webView，与loadView相关的整理在modal跳转与视图生命周期
• 加载网页

- (void)loadView {
    self.webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:[UIScreen mainScreen].bounds];
    self.view = self.webView;
}
- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com"];
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    //网页界面相关的代理
    self.webView.UIDelegate = self;
    //生命周期
    self.webView.navigationDelegate = self;
    [self.webView loadRequest:request];
}

• 加载本地pdf、doc、html等

NSURL *url = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"史提夫乔布斯传.pdf" withExtension:nil];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
[self.webView loadRequest:request];

WKWebViewConfiguration

• 用于配置webView，例如缩放，自动检测特殊文本、播放媒体配置等

WKWebViewConfiguration *webViewConfig = [WKWebViewConfiguration new];
 //自动监测邮件地址和网址
webViewConfig.dataDetectorTypes = WKDataDetectorTypeAll;
//视频播放画中画
webViewConfig.allowsPictureInPictureMediaPlayback = YES;
//是否直接在h5内播放
webViewConfig.allowsInlineMediaPlayback = YES;
self.webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:[UIScreen mainScreen].bounds configuration:webViewConfig];

• 其中dataDetectorTypes，这个属性很奇怪，html中的文本内容放在超链接<a>就没效果

WKWebView调用周期函数

• 以下是常用的，还有关于权限访问的
• 正常的调用周期和顺序如下

- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationActionPolicy))decisionHandler{
    NSLog(@"是否跳转 decidePolicyForNavigationAction");
}
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didStartProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation {
    NSLog(@"开始加载 didStartProvisionalNavigation");
}
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didCommitNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation {
    NSLog(@"处理网页内容 didCommitNavigation");
}
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFinishNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{
    NSLog(@"完成了 didFinishNavigation");
}

• 错误处理

1. 加载错误，访问错误的网址或者不存在的网址

- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFailProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation withError:(NSError *)error {
    NSLog(@"加载失败 didFailProvisionalNavigation");
}

2. 处理返回内容错误

- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFailNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation withError:(NSError *)error {
    NSLog(@"处理网页返回内容发生失败 didFailNavigation");
}

3. 访问终止，程序崩溃

- (void)webViewWebContentProcessDidTerminate:(WKWebView *)webView {
    NSLog(@"进程终止 webViewWebContentProcessDidTerminate");
}

网页提示框

• 主要用处是配合网页的各种框，下面三个函数包含了，三类提示的主要内容，作出相应处理就好

1. 提示框

- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptAlertPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(void))completionHandler {
    UIAlertController *alertController = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"提示" message:message preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];
    UIAlertAction *alertAction = [UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"确认" style:UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
        completionHandler();
    }];
    [alertController addAction:alertAction];
    [self presentViewController:alertController animated:YES completion:nil];
}

2. 确认框

- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptConfirmPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL))completionHandler {
    NSLog(@"%@", message);
    completionHandler(YES);
}

3. 输入框

- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptTextInputPanelWithPrompt:(NSString *)prompt defaultText:(NSString *)defaultText initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(NSString * _Nullable))completionHandler {
    
}

OC调用JS

• OC调用JS，需要把执行的JS代码，作为NSString传入下面这个函数即可

[webView evaluateJavaScript:@"test();" completionHandler:^(id _Nullable data, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        //处理这个函数返回的数据
        NSLog(@"%@", data);
    }];

JS调用OC

• 主要思路如下

1. 定义协议，http/https本质上也是一个协议
2. 处理请求

• html中的内容<a href = "source:///showMessage:/helloworld">调用oc的方法</a>，第一部分是方法，第二部分是参数
• 整个过程为，点击超链接文本调用oc的方法->进入下面的函数->判断协议是否为source->调用showMessage:函数，传入helloworld参数

- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationActionPolicy))decisionHandler{
    NSString *strRequest = [navigationAction.request.URL.absoluteString stringByRemovingPercentEncoding];
    NSURLRequest *myrequest = navigationAction.request;
    //判断协议是否是自定义协议
    if ([myrequest.URL.scheme isEqualToString:@"source"]) {
        //方法名
        NSString *methodName = myrequest.URL.pathComponents[1];
        //参数
        NSString *param = myrequest.URL.pathComponents[2];
        //通过字符串获取方法名
        SEL method = NSSelectorFromString(methodName);
        if([self respondsToSelector:method])
        {
            [self performSelector:method withObject:param];
        }
        
    }
    //处理方式
    decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyAllow);
}

实现网页点击打电话或者发送邮件

• html中的内容

<a href = "phone:///makeSms:/10000">10000</a>

• OC中的内容

1. 协议判断

if ([myrequest.URL.scheme isEqualToString:@"phone"]) {
    NSLog(@"%@", myrequest.URL.pathComponents);
    //方法名
    NSString *methodName = myrequest.URL.pathComponents[1];
    //参数
    NSString *param = myrequest.URL.pathComponents[2];
    SEL method = NSSelectorFromString(methodName);
    if([self respondsToSelector:method])
    {
        [self performSelector:method withObject:param];
    }
    
}

2. 发短信

-(void)makeSms:(NSString *)phoneNumber
{
    NSLog(@"发短信");
    UIApplication *app = [UIApplication sharedApplication];
    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"sms://%@", phoneNumber]];
    [app openURL:url options:@{} completionHandler:nil];
}

• iOS在调用系统的发短息、打电话和发邮件等功能，都有相关的协议

tel://xxx 打电话
sms://xxx 发短信
mailto://xxx 发邮件
http://xxx 打开网页