全文使用同一个如下的html代码
<div id="box-outer">
<div id="box-inside"></div>
</div>
写法一: 容器的height属性与line-height属性一致
#box-outer {
width: 100%;
height: 500px;
border: 1px solid red;
line-height: 500px;
text-align: center;
}
#box-inside {
vertical-align: middle;
display: inline-block;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: blue;
}
由于"幽灵元素"的存在,这个CSS实现的并不是绝对的垂直居中
加一段font-size: 0px; 到box-outer即可解决
#box-outer {
width: 100%;
height: 500px;
border: 1px solid red;
line-height: 500px;
text-align: center;
font-size: 0px;
}
#box-inside {
vertical-align: middle;
display: inline-block;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: blue;
}
写法二: 使用绝对定位且margin设置为auto
#box-outer {
width: 100%;
height: 500px;
border: 1px solid red;
position: relative;
}
#box-inside {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
margin: auto;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: blue;
}
写法三 : 使用绝对定位配合使用margin/tarnsform
配合margin
#box-outer {
width: 100%;
height: 500px;
border: 1px solid red;
position: relative;
}
#box-inside {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
margin-top: -50px;
margin-left: -50px;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: blue;
}
配合tansform
#box-outer {
width: 100%;
height: 500px;
border: 1px solid red;
position: relative;
}
#box-inside {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: blue;
}
两者区别
使用margin需要知道元素的宽度和高度才能准确设置,而transform则是根据当前元素的宽度和高度百分比进行计算,不需要知道宽高即可居中。个人偏向于后者
写法四: flex布局
#box-outer {
width: 100%;
height: 500px;
border: 1px solid red;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
#box-inside {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: blue;
}