CSS布局对于第一种，先通过对 header,content,footer 统一设置 width：1000px;或者 m

单栏布局

alt 属性文本

一、header,content 和 footer 等宽的单列布局

对于第一种，先通过对 header,content,footer 统一设置 width：1000px;或者 max-width：1000px(这两者的区别是当屏幕小于 1000px 时，前者会出现滚动条，后者则不会，显示出实际宽度);然后设置 margin:0 auto 实现居中即可得到。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<!-- header，content和footer等宽的单列布局。 -->
<!-- max-width:560px;用最大宽度,当宽度变小时会以浏览器真是宽度为基准 -->
<!-- width: 560px; 定宽 用宽度,当宽度变小时会出现滚动条 -->

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>单列布局</title>
    <style>
        .header {
            max-width: 1000px;
            height: 100px;
            background-color: yellowgreen;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }
        
        .content {
            max-width: 1000px;
            height: 500px;
            background-color: bisque;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }
        
        .footer {
            max-width: 1000px;
            height: 80px;
            background-color: burlywood;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="header"></div>
    <div class="content"></div>
    <div class="footer"></div>
</body>

</html>

二、header 与 footer 等宽,content 略窄的单列布局

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<!-- header和footer等宽，content略窄的单列布局。 单列布局（通栏）  -->

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <style>
        .header {
            margin: 0 auto;
            max-width: 960px;
            height: 100px;
            background-color: cadetblue;
        }
        
        .content {
            margin: 0 auto;
            max-width: 800px;
            height: 400px;
            background-color: coral
        }
        
        .footer {
            margin: 0 auto;
            max-width: 960px;
            height: 100px;
            background-color: darkseagreen;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="header"></div>
    <div class="content"></div>
    <div class="footer"></div>
</body>

</html>

两栏自适应布局

两列自适应布局是指一列由内容撑开，另一列撑满剩余宽度的布局方式

1. float+overflow:hidden

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>两列自适应布局-float实现</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            overflow: hidden;
        }
        
        .left {
            float: left;
            background-color: darkseagreen;
        }
        
        .right {
            overflow: hidden;
            background-color: gold;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="parent">
        <div class="left">
            LeftLeftLeft
        </div>
        <div class="right">
            Right
            <br> Right
        </div>
    </div>
</body>

</html>

注意：如果侧边栏在右边时，注意渲染顺序。即在 HTML 中，先写侧边栏后写主内容

这种写法不能实现两列等高布局，若要实现，则要在.left 、 .right中把padding-bottom设为足够大的值，并且设置margin--bottom为与padding-bottom的正值相抵消的值。

.left {
    float: left;
    padding-bottom: 999px;
    margin-bottom: -999px;
    background-color: darkseagreen;
}
        
.right {
    overflow: hidden;
    padding-bottom: 999px;
    margin-bottom: -999px;
    background-color: gold;
}

2. Flexbox 布局

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>两列自适应布局-flex实现</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            display: flex;
        }
        
        .left {
            background-color: greenyellow;
        }
        
        .right {
            flex: 1;
            background-color: khaki;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="parent">
        <div class="left">
            LeftLeftLeftLeftLeftLeft
        </div>
        <div class="right">
            Right
            <br> Right
        </div>
    </div>
</body>

</html>

这种方法可以实现两列等高布局。

3. grid布局

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>两列自适应布局-grid布局</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
        }
        
        .left {
            background-color: khaki;
        }
        
        .right {
            background-color: lightcoral;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="parent">
        <div class="left">
            LeftLeft
        </div>
        <div class="right">
            Right
            <br> Right
        </div>
    </div>
</body>

</html>

这种方法可以实现两列等高布局。

三栏布局：左右两栏宽度固定，中间宽度自适应

1. float布局

左边一栏float:left，右边一栏float:right
注意：在 HTML 中，先写侧边两栏后写主内容

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>三栏布局-float布局实现</title>
    <style>
        * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }
        
        div {
            height: 300px;
        }
        
        .left {
            float: left;
            width: 300px;
            background-color: bisque;
        }
        
        .center {
            background-color: cadetblue;
        }
        
        .right {
            float: right;
            width: 300px;
            background-color: chartreuse;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="left"></div>
    <div class="right"></div>
    <div class="center"></div>
</body>

</html>

2. 绝对定位

父级元素相对定位，子级元素绝对定位（父相子绝）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>三栏布局-绝对定位</title>
    <style>
        * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }
        
        .container {
            position: relative;
        }
        
        .left {
            position: absolute;
            left: 0;
            width: 300px;
            height: 300px;
            background-color: chartreuse;
        }
        
        .center {
            position: absolute;
            left: 300px;
            right: 300px;
            height: 300px;
            background-color: coral;
        }
        
        .right {
            position: absolute;
            right: 0;
            width: 300px;
            height: 300px;
            background-color: cornflowerblue;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="left"></div>
        <div class="center"></div>
        <div class="right"></div>
    </div>
</body>

</html>

3. flex布局

中间一栏设置flex:1

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>三栏布局-flex布局</title>
    <style>
        * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }
        
        .container {
            display: flex;
        }
        
        .left {
            width: 300px;
            height: 300px;
            background-color: cornflowerblue;
        }
        
        .center {
            flex: 1;
            height: 300px;
            background-color: darksalmon;
        }
        
        .right {
            width: 300px;
            height: 300px;
            background-color: darkorange;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="left"></div>
        <div class="center"></div>
        <div class="right"></div>
    </div>
</body>

</html>

4. table布局

父级元素设置display:table，还要设置width:100%; 子级元素设置display:table-cell

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>三栏布局-table布局</title>
    <style>
        * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }
        
        .container {
            display: table;
            width: 100%;
        }
        
        .container div {
            display: table-cell;
            height: 300px;
        }
        
        .left {
            width: 300px;
            background-color: darksalmon;
        }
        
        .center {
            background-color: greenyellow;
        }
        
        .right {
            width: 300px;
            background-color: lightblue;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="left"></div>
        <div class="center"></div>
        <div class="right"></div>
    </div>
</body>

</html>

5. grid布局

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>三栏布局-grid布局</title>
    <style>
        * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }
        
        .container {
            display: grid;
            width: 100%;
            grid-template-rows: 300px;
            grid-template-columns: 300px auto 300px;
        }
        
        .left {
            background-color: darksalmon;
        }
        
        .center {
            background-color: greenyellow;
        }
        
        .right {
            background-color: lightblue;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="left"></div>
        <div class="center"></div>
        <div class="right"></div>
    </div>
</body>

</html>

品字布局

1. 全屏版：百分比width + float:left

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>品字布局2（全屏版）</title>
    <style>
        * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }
        
        div {
            width: 100%;
            height: 100px;
            line-height: 100px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        
        .div1 {
            background-color: red;
        }
        
        .div2 {
            float: left;
            width: 50%;
            background-color: blue;
        }
        
        .div3 {
            float: left;
            width: 50%;
            background-color: green;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="div1"></div>
    <div class="div2"></div>
    <div class="div3"></div>
</body>

</html>

alt 全屏版

2. 非全屏居中版：float + margin-left + transform: translateX(-100%)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>品字布局1</title>
    <style>
        body {
            overflow: hidden;
        }
        
        * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }
        
        div {
            margin: 0 auto;
            width: 100px;
            height: 100px;
            line-height: 100px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        
        .div1 {
            background-color: red;
        }
        
        .div2 {
            float: left;
            margin-left: 50%;
            transform: translateX(-100%);
            background-color: blue;
        }
        
        .div3 {
            float: left;
            transform: translateX(-100%);
            background-color: green;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="div1">1</div>
    <div class="div2">2</div>
    <div class="div3">3</div>
</body>

</html>

设置margin-left:50%的效果如下：

最终效果图：

alt 非全屏版

圣杯布局：左右宽度固定，中间宽度自适应

参考学习链接：http://47.98.159.95/my_blog/blogs/css/006.html

alt 属性文本

1. flex布局

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
	<meta charset="UTF-8">
	<title>Document</title>
	<style>
    *{
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }
    .header,.footer{
        height:40px;
        width:100%;
        background:red;
    }
    .container{
        display: flex;
    }
    .middle{
        flex: 1;
        background:yellow;
    }
    .left{
        width:200px;
        background:pink;
    }
    .right{
        background: aqua;
        width:300px;
    }
	</style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="header">这里是头部</div>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="left">左边</div>
        <div class="middle">中间部分</div>
        <div class="right">右边</div>
    </div>
    <div class="footer">这里是底部</div>
</body>
</html>

2. float布局(全部float:left)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
  <title>Document</title>
  <style>
    *{
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }
    .header,
    .footer {
      height: 40px;
      width: 100%;
      background: red;
    }

    .footer {
      clear: both;
    }

    .container {
      padding-left: 200px;
      padding-right: 250px;
    }

    .container div {
      position: relative;
      float: left;
    }

    .middle {
      width: 100%;
      background: yellow;
    }

    .left {
      width: 200px;
      background: pink;
      margin-left: -100%;
      left: -200px;
    }

    .right {
      width: 250px;
      background: aqua;
      margin-left: -250px;
      left: 250px; 
    }
  </style>
</head>

<body>
  <div class="header">这里是头部</div>
  <div class="container">
    <div class="middle">中间部分</div>
    <div class="left">左边</div>
    <div class="right">右边</div>
  </div>
  <div class="footer">这里是底部</div>
</body>

</html>

左边的盒子设置margin-left: -100%是将盒子拉上去，效果:

project

接着再向左移动200px来填充空下来的padding-left部分，效果：

project

右边的盒子设置margin-left: -250px后，盒子在该行所占空间为0，因此直接到上面的middle块中,效果:

project

然后向右移动250px, 填充父容器的padding-right部分，效果：

3. float布局(左边float: left, 右边float: right)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
  <title>Document</title>
  <style>
    *{
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }
    .header,
    .footer {
      height: 40px;
      width: 100%;
      background: red;
    }
    .container{
      overflow: hidden;
    }

    .middle {
      background: yellow;
    }

    .left {
      float: left;
      width: 200px;
      background: pink;
    }

    .right {
      float: right;
      width: 250px;
      background: aqua;
    }
  </style>
</head>

<body>
  <div class="header">这里是头部</div>
  <div class="container">
    <div class="left">左边</div>
    <div class="right">右边</div>
    <div class="middle">中间部分</div>
  </div>
  <div class="footer">这里是底部</div>
</body>

</html>

4. 绝对定位

父相子绝

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
  <title>Document</title>
  <style>
    *{
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }
    .header,
    .footer {
      height: 40px;
      width: 100%;
      background: red;
    }
    .container{
      min-height: 1.2em;
      position: relative;
    }

    .container>div {
      position: absolute;
    }

    .middle {
      left: 200px;
      right: 250px;
      background: yellow;
    }

    .left {
      left: 0;
      width: 200px;
      background: pink;
    }

    .right {
      right: 0;
      width: 250px;
      background: aqua;
    }
  </style>
</head>

<body>
  <div class="header">这里是头部</div>
  <div class="container">
    <div class="left">左边</div>
    <div class="right">右边</div>
    <div class="middle">中间部分</div>
  </div>
  <div class="footer">这里是底部</div>
</body>

</html>

5. grid布局

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
  <title>Document</title>
  <style>
    body{
        display: grid;
    }
    #header{
        background: red;
        grid-row:1;
        grid-column:1/5;
    }
        
    #left{
        grid-row:2;
        grid-column:1/2;
        background: orange;
    }
    #right{
        grid-row:2;
        grid-column:4/5;
        background: cadetblue;
    }
    #middle{
        grid-row:2;
        grid-column:2/4;
        background: rebeccapurple
    }
    #footer{
        background: gold;
        grid-row:3;
        grid-column:1/5;
    }
  </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div id="header">header</div>
    <div id="left">left</div>
    <div id="middle">middle</div>
    <div id="right">right</div>     
    <div id="footer">footer</footer></div>
       
</body>

</html>

双飞翼布局

alt 属性文本

采用经典的float布局

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
  <title>Document</title>
  <style>
    *{
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }
    .container {
        min-width: 600px;
    }
    .left {
        float: left;
        width: 200px;
        height: 400px;
        background: red;
        margin-left: -100%;
    }
    .center {
        float: left;
        width: 100%;
        height: 500px;
        background: yellow;
    }
    .center .inner {
        margin: 0 200px; 
    }
    .right {
        float: left;
        width: 200px;
        height: 400px;
        background: blue;
        margin-left: -200px;
    }
  </style>
</head>

<body>
  <article class="container">
    <div class="center">
        <div class="inner">双飞翼布局</div>
    </div>
    <div class="left"></div>
    <div class="right"></div>
</article>
</body>

</html>