结果跳转的方式
-
ModelAndView
设置ModelAndView对象,根据ViewName的名称和视图解析器跳转到指定的页面。
- 页面:{视图解析器前缀}+ViewName+{视图解析器后缀}
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<!-- 后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
对应的controller类
public class ControllerTest1 implements Controller {
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
//返回一个模型视图对象
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.addObject("msg","ControllerTest1");
mv.setViewName("test");
return mv;
}
}
-
ServletAPI
通过设置ServletAPI,不需要视图解析器。
- 通过HttpServletResponse进行输出
- 通过HttpServletResponse实现重定向
- 通过HttpServletResponse实现转发
@Controller
public class controller {
@RequestMapping("/result/t1")
public void test1(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse rsp) throws IOException {
rsp.getWriter().println("servletAPI");
}
@RequestMapping("/result/t2")
public void test2(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse rsp) throws IOException {
rsp.sendRedirect("/index.jsp");
}
@RequestMapping("/result/t3")
public void test3(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse rsp) throws Exception {
//转发
req.setAttribute("msg","/result/t3");
req.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/test.jsp").forward(req,rsp);
}
}
-
SpringMVC
通过SpringMVC注解来实现转发和重定向(不需要视图解析器)
@Controller
public class ResultSpringMVC {
@RequestMapping("/rsm/t1")
public String test1(){
//转发
return "/index.jsp";
}
@RequestMapping("/rsm/t2")
public String test2(){
//转发二
return "forward:/index.jsp";
}
@RequestMapping("/rsm/t3")
public String test3(){
//重定向
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
}
通过SpringMVC注解来实现转发和重定向(需要视图解析器)
@Controller
public class ResultSpringMVC2 {
@RequestMapping("/rsm2/t1")
public String test1(){
//转发
return "test";
}
@RequestMapping("/rsm2/t2")
public String test2(){
//重定向
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
//return "redirect:hello.do"; //hello.do为另一个请求/
}
}
-
数据处理
-
处理提交数据
-
1、提交的域名名称和处理方法的参数名一致
提交数据:http://localhost:8080/test?name=lyw
处理方法:
@RequestMapping("/test")
public String hello(String name){
System.out.println(name);
return "hello";
}
后台输出:lyw
-
2、提交的域名名称和处理方法的参数名不一致
提交数据:http://localhost:8080/test?username=lyw
处理方法:
//@RequestParam("username") : username提交的域的名称 .
@RequestMapping("/test")
public String hello(@RequestParam("username") String name){
System.out.println(name);
return "hello";
}
后台输出:lyw
-
3、提交的数据是一个对象
要求提交的表单域和对象的属性名一致,参数直接使用对象即可
- 实体类
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private int age;
//构造
//get/set
//tostring()
}
@RequestMapping("/test")
public String user(User user){
System.out.println(user);
return "hello";
}
后台输出:User { id=1, name='lyw', age=20 }
-
说明:如果使用对象的话,前端传递的参数名和对象名必须一致,否则就是null。。
-
数据显示到前端
-
1、通过ModelAndView
public class ControllerTest1 implements Controller {
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
//返回一个模型视图对象
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.addObject("msg","ControllerTest1");
mv.setViewName("test");
return mv;
}
}
-
2、通过ModelMap
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(@RequestParam("username") String name, ModelMap model){
//封装要显示到视图中的数据
//相当于req.setAttribute("name",name);
model.addAttribute("name",name);
System.out.println(name);
return "hello";
}
-
3、通过Model
@RequestMapping("/ct2/hello")
public String hello(@RequestParam("username") String name, Model model){
//封装要显示到视图中的数据
//相当于req.setAttribute("name",name);
model.addAttribute("msg",name);
System.out.println(name);
return "test";
}
- 注 Model 只有寥寥几个方法只适合用于储存数据,简化了新手对于Model对象的操作和理解;
ModelMap 继承了 LinkedMap ,除了实现了自身的一些方法,同样的继承 LinkedMap 的方法和特性;
ModelAndView 可以在储存数据的同时,可以进行设置返回的逻辑视图,进行控制展示层的跳转。
-
乱码问题
SpringMVC给我们提供了一个过滤器,可以在web.xml中配置
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
- 注:在有些极端的情况下,这个过滤器对get的支持不太友好 处理方法:
- 修改tomcat配置文件:设置编码!
<Connector URIEncoding="utf-8" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
- 自定义过滤器(在网上找的大神自己写的)
package com.kuang.filter;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* 解决get和post请求 全部乱码的过滤器
*/
public class GenericEncodingFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
//处理response的字符编码
HttpServletResponse myResponse=(HttpServletResponse) response;
myResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 转型为与协议相关对象
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
// 对request包装增强
HttpServletRequest myrequest = new MyRequest(httpServletRequest);
chain.doFilter(myrequest, response);
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
}
}
//自定义request对象,HttpServletRequest的包装类
class MyRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {
private HttpServletRequest request;
//是否编码的标记
private boolean hasEncode;
//定义一个可以传入HttpServletRequest对象的构造函数,以便对其进行装饰
public MyRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
super(request);// super必须写
this.request = request;
}
// 对需要增强方法 进行覆盖
@Override
public Map getParameterMap() {
// 先获得请求方式
String method = request.getMethod();
if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("post")) {
// post请求
try {
// 处理post乱码
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
return request.getParameterMap();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("get")) {
// get请求
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = request.getParameterMap();
if (!hasEncode) { // 确保get手动编码逻辑只运行一次
for (String parameterName : parameterMap.keySet()) {
String[] values = parameterMap.get(parameterName);
if (values != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
try {
// 处理get乱码
values[i] = new String(values[i]
.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "utf-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
hasEncode = true;
}
return parameterMap;
}
return super.getParameterMap();
}
//取一个值
@Override
public String getParameter(String name) {
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = getParameterMap();
String[] values = parameterMap.get(name);
if (values == null) {
return null;
}
return values[0]; // 取回参数的第一个值
}
//取所有值
@Override
public String[] getParameterValues(String name) {
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = getParameterMap();
String[] values = parameterMap.get(name);
return values;
}
}
一般情况下,SpringMVC默认的乱码处理就已经能够很好的解决了!