网易云-学习笔记-高性能编程 线程状态

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线程状态

6个状态定义:java.lang.Thread.State

New:尚未启动的线程的线程状态(刚被创建出来)

Runnable:可运行线程的线程状态,等待CPU调度(调用start方法后,Runnable状态不代表线程就在跑,因为线程执行需要被CPU调度,Runnable状态表示两种,一种是线程正在执行状态,另一种是线程就绪了可以被执行状态)

Blocked:线程阻塞等待监视器锁定的线程状态;处于synchronized同步代码块或者方法被阻塞

Waiting:等待线程的线程状态。下列不带超时的方式:

  • Object.wait
  • Thread.join
  • LockSupport.

Timed Waiting:具有指定等待时间的等待时间的等待线程的线程状态。下列带超时的方式:

  • Thread.sleep
  • Object.wait
  • Thread.join
  • LockSupport.parkNanos
  • LockSupport.parkUntil

Terminated:终止线程的线程状态。线程正常完成执行或者出现异常

图示线程状态转换:

代码演示

public class Demo2 {
    public static Thread thread1;
    public static Demo2 obj;
 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        System.out.println("#######第一种状态切换  - 新建 -> 运行 -> 终止################################");
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println("thread1当前状态:" + Thread.currentThread().getState().toString());
                System.out.println("thread1 执行了");
            }
        });
        System.out.println("没调用start方法,thread1当前状态:" + thread1.getState().toString());
        thread1.start();
        Thread.sleep(2000L);
        System.out.println("等待两秒,再看thread1当前状态:" + thread1.getState().toString());
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("############第二种:新建 -> 运行 -> 等待 -> 运行 -> 终止(sleep方式)###########################");
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1500);
                }catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                System.out.println("thread2当前状态:" + Thread.currentThread().getState().toString());
                System.out.println("thread2 执行了");
            }
        });
        System.out.println("没调用start方法,thread2当前状态:" + thread2.getState().toString());
        thread2.start();
        System.out.println("调用start方法,thread2当前状态:" + thread2.getState().toString());
        Thread.sleep(200L);
        /**
         * 等待200毫秒,再看状态
         */
        System.out.println("等待200毫秒,再看thread2当前状态:" + thread2.getState().toString());
        // 再等待3秒,让thread2执行完毕,再看状态
        Thread.sleep(3000L);
        System.out.println("等待3秒,再看thread2当前状态:" + thread2.getState().toString());
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("############第三种:新建 -> 运行 -> 阻塞 -> 运行 -> 终止###########################");
        Thread thread3 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                synchronized (Demo2.class) {
                    System.out.println("thread3当前状态:" + Thread.currentThread().getState().toString());
                    System.out.println("thread3 执行了");
                }
            }
        });
        synchronized (Demo2.class) {
            System.out.println("没调用start方法,thread3当前状态:" + thread3.getState().toString());
            thread3.start();
            System.out.println("调用start方法,thread3当前状态:" + thread3.getState().toString());
            Thread.sleep(200L);
            /**
             * 等待200毫秒,再看状态
             */
            System.out.println("等待200毫秒,再看thread3当前状态:" + thread3.getState().toString());
        }
        // 再等待3秒,让thread2执行完毕,再看状态
        Thread.sleep(3000L);
        System.out.println("等待3秒,再看thread3当前状态:" + thread3.getState().toString());
    }
}

执行结果

#######第一种状态切换  - 新建 -> 运行 -> 终止################################
没调用start方法,thread1当前状态:NEW
thread1当前状态:RUNNABLE
thread1 执行了
等待两秒,再看thread1当前状态:TERMINATED

############第二种:新建 -> 运行 -> 等待 -> 运行 -> 终止(sleep方式)###########################
没调用start方法,thread2当前状态:NEW
调用start方法,thread2当前状态:RUNNABLE
等待200毫秒,再看thread2当前状态:TIMED_WAITING
thread2当前状态:RUNNABLE
thread2 执行了
等待3秒,再看thread2当前状态:TERMINATED

############第三种:新建 -> 运行 -> 阻塞 -> 运行 -> 终止###########################
没调用start方法,thread3当前状态:NEW
调用start方法,thread3当前状态:RUNNABLE
等待200毫秒,再看thread3当前状态:BLOCKED
thread3当前状态:RUNNABLE
thread3 执行了
等待3秒,让thread3抢到锁,再看thread3当前状态:TERMINATED