AbstractList
1.AbstractList声明
public abstract class AbstractList<E> extends AbstractCollection<E> implements List<E> {}
这是一个抽象类,除了实现List接口,AbstractList还继承了AbstractCollection抽象类。重点关注一下经常使用的增删改查方法的实现。
2.add(E e)
public boolean add(E e) {
add(size(), e);
return true;
}
public void add(int index, E element) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
添加指定元素到列表末端。此方法抛出IndexOutOfBoundsException异常。所以如果需要修改可变list需要重写此方法,不可变list抛出异常。
3.get(int index)
abstract public E get(int index);
抽象方法。必须重写才能使用。
4.get(int index)
public E set(int index, E element) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public E remove(int index) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
更新和删除方法,同add,需要修改可变list的时候需要重写,不然会抛出异常。
5.indexOf(Object o)
public int indexOf(Object o) {
ListIterator<E> it = listIterator();
if (o==null) {
while (it.hasNext())
if (it.next()==null)
return it.previousIndex();
} else {
while (it.hasNext())
if (o.equals(it.next()))
return it.previousIndex();
}
return -1;
}
public ListIterator<E> listIterator() {
return listIterator(0);
}
public ListIterator<E> listIterator(final int index) {
rangeCheckForAdd(index);
return new ListItr(index);
}
private void rangeCheckForAdd(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index > size())
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
}
private String outOfBoundsMsg(int index) {
return "Index: "+index+", Size: "+size();
}
查找指定元素在列表中第一次出现的索引。通过列表迭代器的迭代实现。
7.lastIndexOf(Object o)
public int lastIndexOf(Object o) {
ListIterator<E> it = listIterator(size());
if (o==null) {
while (it.hasPrevious())
if (it.previous()==null)
return it.nextIndex();
} else {
while (it.hasPrevious())
if (o.equals(it.previous()))
return it.nextIndex();
}
return -1;
}
public ListIterator<E> listIterator() {
return listIterator(0);
}
public ListIterator<E> listIterator(final int index) {
rangeCheckForAdd(index);
return new ListItr(index);
}
private void rangeCheckForAdd(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index > size())
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
}
private String outOfBoundsMsg(int index) {
return "Index: "+index+", Size: "+size();
}
查找指定元素在列表中最后一次出现的索引。通过列表迭代器的迭代实现。
8.clear()
public void clear() {
removeRange(0, size());
}
protected void removeRange(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
ListIterator<E> it = listIterator(fromIndex);
for (int i=0, n=toIndex-fromIndex; i<n; i++) {
it.next();
it.remove();
}
}
清空列表,使用迭代器循环,然后remove()。
9.iterator()
public Iterator<E> iterator() {
return new Itr();
}
private class Itr implements Iterator<E> {
//下一次调用next()方法返回元素的索引
int cursor = 0;
//最近一次调用next()方法返回元素的索引;如果发生一次remove()操作,则被重置为-1
int lastRet = -1;
//AbstractList定义的modCount成员变量如下,它主要记录列表实例创建之后,发生结构性修改的次数。用于判断列表是否在创建完迭代器之后,发生并发修改的异常。
int expectedModCount = modCount;
//判断迭代器中是否还有元素,如果cursor等于列表size,则表示没有
public boolean hasNext() {
return cursor != size();
}
//返回下一个元素
public E next()
//先检查在迭代器创建完之后是否发生过结构性修改,是则抛出异常;否则继续执行
checkForComodification();
try {
int i = cursor;
E next = get(i);
lastRet = i;
cursor = i + 1;
return next;
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
checkForComodification();
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
}
//依赖列表的remove()方法,如果列表没有实现该方法,那么调用迭代器的这个方法将抛出UnsupportedOperationException
public void remove() {
if (lastRet < 0)
throw new IllegalStateException();
checkForComodification();
try {
AbstractList.this.remove(lastRet);
if (lastRet < cursor)
cursor--;
//调用一次此方法,就将lastRet重置为-1
lastRet = -1;
expectedModCount = modCount;
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}
//判断在迭代器生成之后,列表是否发生(不是通过迭代器做到的)结构性修改
final void checkForComodification() {
if (modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}
//返回一个在列表元素之上的列表迭代器。
public ListIterator<E> listIterator() {
return listIterator(0);
}
public ListIterator<E> listIterator(final int index) {
rangeCheckForAdd(index);
return new ListItr(index);
}
//检查数组是否越界
private void rangeCheckForAdd(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index > size())
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
}
//抛出数据越界异常
private String outOfBoundsMsg(int index) {
return "Index: "+index+", Size: "+size();
}
private class ListItr extends Itr implements ListIterator<E> {
ListItr(int index) {
cursor = index;
}
//判断列表迭代器中前面是否还有元素
public boolean hasPrevious() {
return cursor != 0;
}
//返回列表迭代器中前面一个元素(即,当前位置cursor减1的位置处的元素)
public E previous() {
checkForComodification();
try {
int i = cursor - 1;
E previous = get(i);
lastRet = cursor = i;
return previous;
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
checkForComodification();
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
}
//判断列表迭代器中后面是否还有元素
public int nextIndex() {
return cursor;
}
//返回列表迭代器中当前位置的前一个索引
public int previousIndex() {
return cursor-1;
}
//更新最近一次返回的元素(即,lastRet索引指向的元素)
public void set(E e) {
if (lastRet < 0)
throw new IllegalStateException();
checkForComodification();
try {
AbstractList.this.set(lastRet, e);
expectedModCount = modCount;
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}
//添加指定元素到列表迭代器的当前位置处,同样也是利用列表的add(E)方法实现
public void add(E e) {
checkForComodification();
try {
int i = cursor;
AbstractList.this.add(i, e);
lastRet = -1;
cursor = i + 1;
expectedModCount = modCount;
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}
}
迭代器相关的处理,大概了解了下,如果有兴趣的读者可以自己详细去了解。
10.subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex)
public List<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
return (this instanceof RandomAccess ?
new RandomAccessSubList<>(this, fromIndex, toIndex) :
new SubList<>(this, fromIndex, toIndex));
}
//RandomAccessSubList类继承自SubList,并实现了RandomAccess接口
class RandomAccessSubList<E> extends SubList<E> implements RandomAccess {
RandomAccessSubList(AbstractList<E> list, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
//通过调用父类SubList的构造方法创建一个子列表实例
super(list, fromIndex, toIndex);
}
////返回一个子列表
public List<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
return new RandomAccessSubList<>(this, fromIndex, toIndex);
}
}
//SubList类继承自AbstractList抽象类,因此它的实例列表可以使用AbstractList的各种已经实现的方法。
class SubList<E> extends AbstractList<E> {
private final AbstractList<E> l;
private final int offset;
private int size;
SubList(AbstractList<E> list, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
if (fromIndex < 0)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("fromIndex = " + fromIndex);
if (toIndex > list.size())
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("toIndex = " + toIndex);
if (fromIndex > toIndex)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("fromIndex(" + fromIndex +
") > toIndex(" + toIndex + ")");
//返回的列表基于原列表
l = list;
offset = fromIndex;
size = toIndex - fromIndex;
//modCount也与原列表相同(这是因为它与原列表共享数据,彼此发生的结构性修改会反映到对方)
this.modCount = l.modCount;
}
public E set(int index, E element) {
rangeCheck(index);
checkForComodification();
return l.set(index+offset, element);
}
public E get(int index) {
//判断索引是否超出范围
rangeCheck(index);
//判断是否发生过并发结构性修改(通过原列表或其的迭代器发生的remove()操作,而不是此子列表)
checkForComodification();
return l.get(index+offset);
}
public int size() {
checkForComodification();
return size;
}
public void add(int index, E element) {
//判断索引是否超出范围
rangeCheckForAdd(index);
checkForComodification();
l.add(index+offset, element);
//保持modCount与原列表相同(上面调用了原列表的add()方法,原列表的modCount加了1)
this.modCount = l.modCount;
size++;
}
public E remove(int index) {
rangeCheck(index);
checkForComodification();
E result = l.remove(index+offset);
this.modCount = l.modCount;
//这里更新的是子列表的size,原列表的size在上面l.remove()方法的执行过程中就已经更新完毕
size--;
return result;
}
protected void removeRange(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
checkForComodification();
l.removeRange(fromIndex+offset, toIndex+offset);
this.modCount = l.modCount;
size -= (toIndex-fromIndex);
}
public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> c) {
return addAll(size, c);
}
public boolean addAll(int index, Collection<? extends E> c) {
rangeCheckForAdd(index);
int cSize = c.size();
if (cSize==0)
return false;
checkForComodification();
l.addAll(offset+index, c);
this.modCount = l.modCount;
size += cSize;
return true;
}
public Iterator<E> iterator() {
return listIterator();
}
public ListIterator<E> listIterator(final int index) {
checkForComodification();
rangeCheckForAdd(index);
return new ListIterator<E>() {
private final ListIterator<E> i = l.listIterator(index+offset);
public boolean hasNext() {
return nextIndex() < size;
}
public E next() {
if (hasNext())
return i.next();
else
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
public boolean hasPrevious() {
return previousIndex() >= 0;
}
public E previous() {
if (hasPrevious())
return i.previous();
else
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
public int nextIndex() {
return i.nextIndex() - offset;
}
public int previousIndex() {
return i.previousIndex() - offset;
}
public void remove() {
i.remove();
SubList.this.modCount = l.modCount;
size--;
}
public void set(E e) {
i.set(e);
}
public void add(E e) {
i.add(e);
SubList.this.modCount = l.modCount;
size++;
}
};
}
//返回这个子列表的子列表
public List<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
return new SubList<>(this, fromIndex, toIndex);
}
private void rangeCheck(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index >= size)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
}
private void rangeCheckForAdd(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index > size)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
}
private String outOfBoundsMsg(int index) {
return "Index: "+index+", Size: "+size;
}
private void checkForComodification() {
if (this.modCount != l.modCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}
此方法返回一个类型为AbstractList子类的列表。返回的列表基于原列表,如果原列表实现了RandomAccess接口,那么则返回一个既继承AbstractList抽象类又实现RandomAccess接口的子类的实例;否则,返回一个只继承AbstractList抽象类的实例。