文章名：《Guidelines for Performing a Comprehensive Transthoracic Echocardiographic Examination in Adults: Recommendations from the American Society of Echocardiography》
Echocardiographic 超声心动图;Transthoracic 经过胸部的
1 Abbreviations缩写
- 2D = Two-dimensional
- 3C = Three-chamber (apical long axis)
chamber心室或者心房
- 3D = Three-dimensional
- 4C = Four-chamber
- 5C = Five-chamber
- A2C = Apical two-chamber
apical 顶点的，尖的
- A4C = Apical four-chamber
- Abd Ao = Abdominal aorta
Abdominal 腹部的；aorta 动脉
- ALPap = Anterolateral papillary muscle
- AMVL = Anterior leaflet mitral valve
- Ao = Aorta
- AR = Aortic valve regurgitation
- Asc Ao = Ascending aorta
- ASE = American Society of Echocardiography
- AV = Aortic valve
- CDI = Color Doppler imaging
- CS = Coronary sinus
- CW = Continuous-wave
- Desc Ao = Descending aorta
- DTI = Doppler tissue imaging
- HPRF = High–pulse repetition frequency
- Hvns = Hepatic vein
- IAS = Interatrial septum
- Innom a = Innominate artery
- IVC = Inferior vena cava
- IVS = Interventricular septum 室间隔
- LA = Left atrial 左心房
atrial 心房的
- LCC = Left coronary cusp
coronary 冠状的； cusp 尖
- LCCA = Left common carotid artery
- L innom vn = Left innominate vein
- LSA = Left subclavian artery
subclavian 锁骨下
- LV = Left ventricular 左心室
ventricular 心室的
- LVIDd = Left ventricular internal dimension diastole
- LVIDs = Left ventricular internal dimension systole
- LVOT = Left ventricular outflow tract
- LVPW = Left ventricle posterior wall
- MPA = Main pulmonary artery
pulmonary 肺部的
- MR = Mitral valve regurgitation 二尖瓣反流
mitral 二尖瓣，valve 阀门，regurgitation 反流
- MS = Mitral stenosis
stenosis 狭窄
- MV = Mitral valve 二尖瓣
- NCC = Noncoronary cusp
- PA = Pulmonary artery
- PFO = Patent foramen ovale
- PLAX = Parasternal long-axis 胸骨旁长轴
parasternal 胸骨旁的
- PMPap = Posteromedial papillary muscle PMVL = Posterior leaflet mitral valve
- PR = Pulmonic valve regurgitation
- PRF = Pulse repetition frequency
- PSAX = Parasternal short-axis 胸骨旁短轴
- Pulvn = Pulmonary vein
- PV = Pulmonic valve
- PW = Pulsed-wave
- RA = Right atrium
atrium 心房；atrial 心房的
- RCA = Right coronary artery
- RCC = Right coronary cusp
- R innom vn = Right innominate vein ROI = Region of interest
- RPS = Right parasternal
- RV = Right ventricular
ventricular 心室
- RVIDd = Right ventricular internal dimension diastole
- RVOT = Right ventricular outflow tract 右心室流出道
- SC = Subcostal
- SoVAo = Sinus of Valsalva
- SSN = Suprasternal notch
- STJ = Sinotubular junction
- SVC = Superior vena cava
- TAPSE = Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion TGC = Time-gain compensation
- TR = Tricuspid valve regurgitation
- TTE = Transthoracic echocardiographic
- TV = Tricuspid valve 三尖瓣
- UEA = Ultrasound enhancement agent
- VTI = Velocity-time integral 看到这么多的缩写我是懵了反正
2 了解心脏的明明
2.1 第一幅图
- superior：上部的；inferior，较低的
- anterior：先前的；posterior 后面的
- lateral：侧面的；medial 内部的
- PLAX（Parasternal long-axis）胸骨旁长轴
- PSAX（Parasternal short-axis）胸骨旁短轴
2.2 第二幅图
- suprasternal 锁骨的；parasternal 胸骨旁；right apical 右顶点；apcial顶点；subcostal 肋下SC
- AO aorta动脉；PA pulmonery aorta肺动脉；RA right atrium右心房；RV right ventricular 右心室；LV left ventricular 左心室。
2.3 第三幅图
其中transducer是传感器，这个是展示传感器的不同倾斜操作。
- RVOT Right ventricular outflow tract右心室流出道；PV pulmonic valve肺动脉瓣，PA 肺动脉
- IVS interventricular septum 室间隔，RV right ventricular右心室， AO aorta动脉，LV left ventricular 左心室，LVOT left ventricular outflow tract左心室流出道，LA left atrial 左心房 3， RV右心室，LV左心室，TV tricuspid valve 三尖瓣，RA 右心房，LA左心房，IVS 室间隔，MV mitral valve 二尖瓣，IAS interatrial septum 房间隔 4， RV右心室，LV左心室，RA右心房，LA左心房，CS coronary sinus 冠状弯曲
2.4 第四幅图
- 左边的图是PLAX，胸骨旁长轴图像：RV右心室，IVS室间隔，LV左心室，MV二尖瓣，LVOT 左心室流出道，LA左心房，AV 动脉瓣
- 右边的图室PSAX，胸骨旁短轴图像：TV三尖瓣，RA右心房，LA左心房，AV动脉瓣，PV肺动脉瓣，RVOT右心室流出道
3 超声心脏图的四个模态
3.1 B模式
B模式室灰色的，彩色B模式只是从灰色的图转换过去的，包含的信息量室相同的，下图中的信息量室相同的
